1. Amidah Blessing 1 - The God Of History Blessed are you, O Lord our God and God of our fathers, the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac and the God of Jacob, the great, mighty and revered God, the Most High God who bestows loving kindnesses, the creator of all things, who remembers the good deeds of the patriarchs and in love will bring a redeemer to their children's children for his name's sake. O king, helper, savior and shield. Blessed are you, O Lord, the shield of Abraham.

2. Tonight Tonight Avenues of Information Avenues of Information The History The History The Politics The Politics The Geography The Geography The Religion The Religion

3. Avenues of Information Gospels Gospels Ancient Texts Ancient Texts Archeology (Biblical) Archeology (Biblical)

4. The Gospels The Gospels Bits and Pieces- Snippets Bits and Pieces- Snippets History Book History Book The Good News of Jesus Christ The Good News of Jesus Christ

5. Works of Josephus 1.The Jewish War (7 Books) 2.Antiquities of the Jews (20 Books) 3.Against Apian-(2 Books)

6. Mishnah Mishnah First written account of Oral Laws and Traditions Compiled in 2 nd century –Rabbi Judah In total 63 Volumes In total 63 Volumes

7. Biblical Archeology Edward Robisin – 1852 Edward Robisin – 1852 Gnostic Gospels, Epistles, and Letters-1945 Gnostic Gospels, Epistles, and Letters-1945 Dead Sea Scrolls-1947 Dead Sea Scrolls-1947

8. Dead Sea Scrolls Dead Sea Scrolls

9. Dead Sea Scrolls Greatest manuscript find ever Greatest manuscript find ever Fragments of every book of the Old Testament (Hebrew Cannon)-Esther Fragments of every book of the Old Testament (Hebrew Cannon)-Esther Divided between Biblical and Non-Biblical writings Divided between Biblical and Non-Biblical writings Enhance our knowledge of Judaism and Christianity Enhance our knowledge of Judaism and Christianity

10. Scroll Jar

11. Great Isaiah Scroll Great Isaiah Scroll

12. reat Isaiah Scroll Great Isaiah Scroll One of the original 7 found One of the original 7 found Largest and best preserved of all Scrolls Largest and best preserved of all Scrolls Contains all 66 chapters of Hebrew Version Contains all 66 chapters of Hebrew Version

13. The History The History

14. The History Jews = Subjects Jews = Subjects Egyptian Egyptian Syrian Syrian Babylonian Babylonian Persian Persian Greek Greek Roman Roman

15. Life under Roman Law Syncretism One country two systems One country two systems Jews under authority of Jewish Court system(Sanhedrin) with Rome having the final say!!

16. The Herods Herod The Great Herod The Great Herod Archelaus Herod Archelaus Herod Antipas Herod Antipas Herod Agrippa Herod Agrippa

17. Quiz Time !! Which Herod had John the Baptist killed? Harod Antipas

18. In Summary World was divided into two groups Jews and Gentiles World was divided into two groups Jews and Gentiles Hebrew identity was maintained through a deep spiritual Conviction Hebrew identity was maintained through a deep spiritual Conviction Covenant Theology Covenant Theology Universal expectation of a Messiah Universal expectation of a Messiah

19. The Geography The Geography

20. Lower Galilee Most Fertile region in Israel Most Fertile region in Israel Size is relatively small 15 miles by 15 miles Size is relatively small 15 miles by 15 miles Made up of some 200 villages Made up of some 200 villages

21. Lower Galilee

22. Map of Nazareth Map of Palestine

23. Samaria Samaritans were descendants of foreigners who settled in Israel after Assyrian invasion Samaritans were descendants of foreigners who settled in Israel after Assyrian invasion Intermarried with Jews Intermarried with Jews Believers in God of Israel Believers in God of Israel Messiah would be a teacher Messiah would be a teacher

24. Sites in the life of Jesus Sites in the life of Jesus

25. The Climate Two Distinct Seasons Two Distinct Seasons October To April: The Rainy Season October To April: The Rainy Season April to October : The Dry Season April to October : The Dry Season

26. Climate Map

27. The Population Palestine-500,000-600,000 Palestine-500,000-600,000 Clergy- 18,000 Clergy- 18,000 1-30 1-30 Jerusalem-40,000 Normal Jerusalem-40,000 Normal 200,000 Feast 200,000 Feast

28. Language Aramaic-The Local Aramaic-The Local Hebrew- The Religion Hebrew- The Religion Greek- The Universal Greek- The Universal Latin- The Roman Latin- The Roman

29. Quiz Time !! The capital and largest town in Lower Galilee! A. Cana A. Cana B. Capernaum B. Capernaum C. Sepphoris C. Sepphoris D. Jerusalem D. Jerusalem B. Sepphoris B. Sepphoris

30. The Towns Nazareth Nazareth Sepphoris Sepphoris Cana Cana Capernaum Capernaum Jerusalem Jerusalem

31. Nazareth Hometown of Jesus Hometown of Jesus Small Population Small Population Synagogue Synagogue Major occupation was Agriculture Major occupation was Agriculture

32. Sepphoris Rebuilt by Herod Antipas Rebuilt by Herod Antipas Bustling city of 30,000 Bustling city of 30,000 Paved streets, markets, and theaters Paved streets, markets, and theaters Jesus may have went there to work Jesus may have went there to work

33. Cana Cana Exact Location is Disputed Exact Location is Disputed Village in the hills of Galilee Village in the hills of Galilee Jesus first miracle- Changing the water into wine Jesus first miracle- Changing the water into wine

34. Capernaum Capernaum Most important city on the Sea of Galilee Most important city on the Sea of Galilee At least 3 apostles thought to come from there At least 3 apostles thought to come from there Many miracles performed there Many miracles performed there

35. Jerusalem Jerusalem Not in Galilee but Judea Not in Galilee but Judea Holy City-Temple location Holy City-Temple location Jews went there for Holidays Jews went there for Holidays Population 40,000-200,000 Population 40,000-200,000 Destroyed by Romans Destroyed by Romans

36. The Roads The Roads Main Roads linked Major Towns Main Roads linked Major Towns Main Highways -Paved Cobblestones Main Highways -Paved Cobblestones Width of 2 Charriots Width of 2 Charriots

37. The Religion The Religion

38. What did it mean to be a Jew? Judaism was a mixture of divergent religious, political, and social ideologies! There were prominent groups or sects at the time of Jesus! 95% of people followed no group affiliation!

39. Quiz Time !! Name the 3 of the 4 prominent Groups within the Jewish Religion at the time of Jesus

40. The Pharisees The Pharisees The Sadducees The Sadducees The Essenes The Essenes The Zealots The Zealots The Scribes The Scribes

41. Who Were the Pharisees? Name means Separatists Name means Separatists Keepers of the Law Keepers of the Law Despite bad name sought purity Despite bad name sought purity Did not Lived in Compromise with Rome Did not Lived in Compromise with Rome Modern Day Jews are Descendants Modern Day Jews are Descendants

42. Who Were the Sadducees? Who Were the Sadducees? Small group of Aristocracy Small group of Aristocracy Rejected Oral Law Rejected Oral Law Denied Immortality and Resurrection Denied Immortality and Resurrection Lived in Compromise with Rome Lived in Compromise with Rome Became extinct after the Temple was destroyed Became extinct after the Temple was destroyed

43. Who Were the Essenes? Lived in a monastic Setting Dead Sea Scrolls Waited for Gods Apcalyptic intervention They probably also practiced celibacy. The Hippies of the Ancient World

44. Who Were the Zealots? The Revolutionaries The Revolutionaries Zealous for God’s Law Zealous for God’s Law They were the freedom fighters advocating violent revolt They were the freedom fighters advocating violent revolt Simon the Zealot Simon the Zealot

45. Who Were the Scribes? Represented a profession not a group Represented a profession not a group Copied Sacred Scripture Copied Sacred Scripture Recorded Historical events Recorded Historical events Became experts in teachers of the Law Became experts in teachers of the Law

46. Quiz Time !! Name 2 of 3 key places of Worship for Jews during the time of Jesus?

47. The Temple The Temple The Synagogue The Synagogue The Table The Table

48. Temple in Jerusalem Temple in Jerusalem

49. The Temple The Temple Expanded by Herod in first century Expanded by Herod in first century Only One ( Jerusalem) Only One ( Jerusalem) Jews pilgrimaged there for Holidays Jews pilgrimaged there for Holidays Meeting place of the Sanhedrin Meeting place of the Sanhedrin Destroyed by Romans 70 A.D. Destroyed by Romans 70 A.D. The West Wall(WailingWall) The West Wall(WailingWall)

50. The Synagogue The Synagogue

51. Greek meaning place of Meeting Greek meaning place of Meeting Found in most towns throughout Palestine Found in most towns throughout Palestine Focus was the Torah Focus was the Torah No sacrifices were offered there No sacrifices were offered there

52. Passover Seder Passover Seder

53. Quiz Time !! Name at least 2 of the 3 things all different sects all held in common

54. Halleluiah!! Halleluiah!! The End of Part 1 The End of Part 1

55. A Part II The Culture A Part II The Culture