1. Nordic research networks Peter Villemoes NORDUnet A/S NORDUnet 2000 Helsinki 28-30 September 2000

2. 28 Sep 00 - #2NORDUnet 2000 NORDUnet mission for the Nordic national networks for research, by connecting them to each other and to the rest of the world Common international service provider for the Nordic national networks for research, by connecting them to each other and to the rest of the world for international research network collaboration Common Nordic platform for international research network collaboration for research networks in the Estonia, Poland, Russia, and Ukraine International service provider for research networks in the Estonia, Poland, Russia, and Ukraine in the Nordunet2 project Network development in the Nordunet2 project

3. 28 Sep 00 - #3NORDUnet 2000 NORDUnet organisation Legal body is Danish limited company - NORDUnet A/S Legal body is Danish limited company - NORDUnet A/S Shareholders are the Nordic states or state institutions Shareholders are the Nordic states or state institutions DK - UNI-C FI - Ministry of education IS - University of Iceland NO - UNINETT SE - Högskoleverket Board members are representatives of the national networks, mostly the national managers Board members are representatives of the national networks, mostly the national managers Financed by the Nordic national networks Financed by the Nordic national networks

4. 28 Sep 00 - #4NORDUnet 2000 4 USA 455 45 310 4 4 1 NORDUnet connections Ten-155 310 255 Teleglobe NETNOD D-GIX GTS 622 310

5. 28 Sep 00 - #5NORDUnet 2000 Resiliency USA diversified Transatlantic links (CANTAT-3, AC-1) duplicated commercial connections (GTS, Teleglobe)Europe diversified TEN-155 connections to Amsterdam and Frankfurt diversified connections to NETNODNordic diversified links to central Nordic countries backup arrangement on IcelandGeneral Distributed Stockholm node over two sites

6. 28 Sep 00 - #6NORDUnet 2000 60, Hudson St New York Östra Wasa KTH GTS/Ebone IS NETNOD CEEC Stockholm layout SE GTS TEN-155 USA SE GTS TEN-155 USA DK FI NO TG 622M DPT Stockholm layout

7. 28 Sep 00 - #7NORDUnet 2000 Traffic from USA Mbit/s 10 100 1000 Monthly average +103 per cent / year 1997199819992000

8. 28 Sep 00 - #8NORDUnet 2000 Extra-Nordic Bandwidth 1 10 100 1,000 10,000 199419951996199719981999200020012002 Mbit/s +144 per cent / year

9. 28 Sep 00 - #9NORDUnet 2000 NORDUnet Cost

10. 28 Sep 00 - #10NORDUnet 2000 Unit bandwidth cost - 43 per cent / year

11. 28 Sep 00 - #11NORDUnet 2000 Expenditure Income USA 58% Nordic 19% Other 4% CEEC 3 % Other 2 % US NSF 1 % EU 7 % Nordic networks 87 % Europe 19%

12. 28 Sep 00 - #12NORDUnet 2000 The Nordic networks

13. 28 Sep 00 - #13NORDUnet 2000 Nordic users and cost

14. 28 Sep 00 - #14NORDUnet 2000 The world wide research net NSFnet was the world hub until 1996 NSFnet was the world hub until 1996 vBNS did not take over after NSFnet and commercial nets did not focus on research needs vBNS did not take over after NSFnet and commercial nets did not focus on research needs The STARTAP in Chicago was then created in 1998 The STARTAP in Chicago was then created in 1998 In 2000 also Abilene offers transit inside USA and USA is again a world hub for research networks In 2000 also Abilene offers transit inside USA and USA is again a world hub for research networks NORDUnet connected to STARTAP and Abilene since 1999 and will use Abilene for transit from 2001 NORDUnet connected to STARTAP and Abilene since 1999 and will use Abilene for transit from 2001

15. 28 Sep 00 - #15NORDUnet 2000 Intercontinental connectivity STARTAP Chicago Russia New York USA Far EastCanada Europe Abilene NORDUnet Stockholm South America 155M 45M 622M

16. 28 Sep 00 - #16NORDUnet 2000 World wide peers World wide peers USA Abilene vBNS ESnet NREN MRENCanada CA*net3 South America Chile Far East SingaAREN SINET APAN TAnetEurope TEN-155

17. 28 Sep 00 - #17NORDUnet 2000 GEMSviz at iGRID 2000 STAR TAP NORDUnet APAN INET Paralleldatorcentrum KTH Stockholm Universityof Houston

18. 28 Sep 00 - #18NORDUnet 2000 Stockholm demo 1999

19. 28 Sep 00 - #19NORDUnet 2000 Traffic sharing with commercial networks Traffic with the commercial Internet is an important part of an institutions Internet traffic Traffic with the commercial Internet is an important part of an institutions Internet traffic NORDUnet and the national networks can reduce the cost of commercial traffic by no-cost-exchange peering NORDUnet and the national networks can reduce the cost of commercial traffic by no-cost-exchange peering Peering has not been possible for commercial traffic with the USA, but cost optimisation can be achieved by bulk purchase Peering has not been possible for commercial traffic with the USA, but cost optimisation can be achieved by bulk purchase USA commercial traffic is now cheaper via general purpose commercial networks than over the traditional dedicated transatlantic links USA commercial traffic is now cheaper via general purpose commercial networks than over the traditional dedicated transatlantic links In the future it may be expected that dedicated international and intercontinental bandwidth (links) will be needed for research network traffic only (ex. TEN-155, Abilene, STARTAP) In the future it may be expected that dedicated international and intercontinental bandwidth (links) will be needed for research network traffic only (ex. TEN-155, Abilene, STARTAP)

20. 28 Sep 00 - #20NORDUnet 2000 Future NORDUnet must continue to respond to the needs of the Nordic national networks NORDUnet must continue to respond to the needs of the Nordic national networks Plan for next year Plan for next year Set up a Nordic 2.5G structure as the physical basis for the Nordic collaboration Create and connect to a 2.5G European backbone (Géant) Consolidate USA connections into possibly 2.5G, with assured bandwidth for the research traffic

21. 28 Sep 00 - #21NORDUnet 2000 2.5G NORDUnet

22. 28 Sep 00 - #22NORDUnet 2000 www.nordu.net