1. Caring for those additional needs! LI: To identify different models and approaches to caring for those with additional needs. Key Terms: Social, Medical, Assumptions, Differences

2. The World Health Organisation (WHO 1980) define impairment, disability and handicap as: “impairment is any loss or abnormality of psychological, physiological or anatomical structure or function” “ Disability is any restriction or lack (resulting from the impairment) of ability to perform an activity, in the manner or within the range considered to be normal for a human being.” “ Handicap is a disadvantage, resulting from an impairment or disability, which limits or prevents the fulfilment of a role (depending on age, sex, social and cultural factors)” The medical model of caring for those with additional needs.

3. Can you put it into simpler language? Definition Handicap Disability Impairment Being disadvantaged Dependant Unable to work Unable to attend school Unable to get yourself out of bed, dressed etc Body parts not working or missing Limits your ability to be active Acute or chronic

4. When using the medical model: It’s about part of the body not working properly. The treatment will be to cure or manage the problem through medication or surgery. This is the responsibility of doctors, physiotherapists, nurses, support workers, care staff all of whom tend to be non-disabled. What are the advantages & disadvantages of this approach? What part does the service user play in their treatment? How might they feel?

5. The medical model Who favours this model? Medical and social care “experts”, also government policy makers Where is the problem located? The disability is an individual medical problem which prevents or restricts activity. How should disability be tackled? By providing services to meet peoples additional needs and care for them Types of services favoured Caring services that take charge and protect disabled people

6. Assignment Due 22 nd Feb Task 1 Produce a factual description of the social model (via secondary research & primary research) Primary research (think about your down’s syndrome nurse or about the work I did with social services). Secondary research (use the textbook or the internet everything must be referenced) It must be printed off before the lesson. Anyone who is having problems see me before the lesson or e-mail it to me mmcnamee871@stpauls.bessbrook.ni.sch.uk.

7. Acknowledges the WHO’s definitions of disability: However… believes that disability is relating more to the attitudes within, and design of, society which prevent those with additional needs from reaching thir full potential. For example: being visually impaired should not stop someone from being able to read, but it is the society we live in which is not adapted to allow those with an impairment to thrive. There are barriers which exist in society, which restrict those with additional needs. This model has a care theme of empowering the person to overcome such obstacles. The Social model of caring for those additional needs.

8. What sort of barriers exist? Barriers in society Language Access Availability Stereotyping Second class citizen Dependent/ not able Discrimination So what is the government doing about this? Is there any legislation to protect those with additional needs in our society?

9. The Disability Discrimination Act 1995 (DDA) The Disability Discrimination Act (DDA) 1995 aims to end the discrimination that many disabled people face. This Act has been significantly extended, including by the Disability Discrimination Act 2005. It now gives disabled people rights in the areas of: employment education access to goods, facilities and services, including larger private clubs and land-based transport services buying or renting land or property, including making it easier for disabled people to rent property and for tenants to make disability- related adaptations functions of public bodies, for example issuing of licences The Act requires public bodies to promote equality of opportunity for disabled people. It also allows the government to set minimum standards so that disabled people can use public transport easily.

10. So what is the government ding about this? Is there any legislation to protect those with additional needs in our society? Research the targets set out by the disabilities act 1995 and 2005 Your employment rights : Directgov - Disabled people Disability Discrimination Act 2005 (c. 13) The Disability Discrimination Act (DDA) : Directgov - Disabled people

11. Some primary research you can do: Imagine you have an impairment ( in a wheel chair, visually impaired etc). 1.Visit your local shopping area in small groups (remember to focus on your impairment) and survey the environment to find out how accessible it is for impaired people. ] 2.How might the design or layout disable people? 3.Suggest how it might become more user friendly? 4.Now use this research to support your evidence in this task.

12. The Social model Who favours this model? Impaired/disabled people and advocacy groups Where is the problem located? Whilst a medical restriction is acknowledged, external factors tend to disable. How should disability be tackled? By making society more user friendly, which would benefit a wide range of people e.g. parents with push chairs Types of services favoured Advocacy services which argue for full integration of impaired people into society

13. Assignment Due 22 nd Feb Task 2 Produce a factual description of the medical model (via secondary research & primary research) It must be printed off before the lesson. Anyone who is having problems see me before the lesson or e-mail it to me mmcnamee871@stpauls.bessbrook.ni.sch. uk.

14. Assignment Due 22 nd Feb Task 3 Produce a grid illustrating similarities & differences of both models Definitions Which practitioners prefer which model types of support offered Settings It must be printed off before the lesson. Anyone who is having problems see me before the lesson or e-mail it to me mmcnamee871@stpauls.bessbrook.ni.sch.uk.

15. Where to find more information? Health & Social care textbook http://www.lboro.ac.uk http://www.cancertalk.org.uk/support/index.html http://www.cancertalk.org.uk/support/index.html www.nasen.org.uk

16. Referencing and bibliography Referencing Every time you use a direct quote or piece of research in your report you should reference it. “and they all live happily ever after” Santa Claus 2001 Then at the end of report you must state where you found the information. Santa Claus, 2001, Christmas Tale, North Pole Publishers. Bibliography A list of every book, web-site or article you have read and used to produce your report. Don’t worry about it now, because we will go over it all again at the end. However I need you to make sure you keep a list of sources as you go along.