1. LBA ASSOCIATES 2003 Colorado SWANA Annual Mtg CO SOLID WASTE SURVEY  By LBA Associates (with CAFR)  Collected 2002 program data  Disclaimer – quality and completeness of survey results vary

2. LBA ASSOCIATES 2003 Colorado SWANA Annual Mtg CO SOLID WASTE SURVEY: BACKGROUND  Surveyed 30 counties and 8 municipalities  County populations ranged from 600 to 555,000  County solid waste budgets ranged from $4,000 to $19M

3. LBA ASSOCIATES 2003 Colorado SWANA Annual Mtg CO SOLID WASTE SURVEY: COUNTY-OWNED FACILITIES  33% own transfer stations  60% own landfills  20% own drop-offs  10% own MRFs  13% own compost facilities  20% own HHW facilities  Privately owned facilities  NPO facilities

4. LBA ASSOCIATES 2003 Colorado SWANA Annual Mtg CO SOLID WASTE SURVEY: FISCAL MANAGEMENT  33% of counties (10) operate as Enterprise Funds  Another 17% of counties (5) have “segregated” funds  17 municipalities have residential user fees  7 municipalities have PAYT for residential trash collection

5. LBA ASSOCIATES 2003 Colorado SWANA Annual Mtg CO SOLID WASTE SURVEY: FUNDING SOURCES $$  County user fees - transfer station/landfill tip fees (several with tip fee surcharges)  Municipal user fees – per household service (including examples of “mandatory fee – voluntary participation” programs)  Other – material sales, CESQG, municipal payments, grants, sponsors

6. LBA ASSOCIATES 2003 Colorado SWANA Annual Mtg CO SOLID WASTE SURVEY: OUTSTANDING ISSUES  Resources to be innovative and efficient  Obtaining good data  Cutting budgets – adding fees, taxes  Turning new facilities into sustainable operations  Competing for private sector tons  High hauling $ and illegal dumping  Safe-guarding Enterprise Fund accounts

7. LBA ASSOCIATES 2003 Colorado SWANA Annual Mtg HOW TO MAKE COLORADO’S MSW ECONOMICALLY VIABLE?

8. LBA ASSOCIATES 2003 Colorado SWANA Annual Mtg RURAL v. URBAN COUNTIES  Rural counties typically more “hands on” with full system  Urban counties often more facility-specific  More rural landfills than urban landfills  Rural transfer stations needed to service sparsely populated areas (increased self- haul)  Urban transfer used to reach large, regional (private) landfills

9. LBA ASSOCIATES 2003 Colorado SWANA Annual Mtg PUBLIC & PRIVATE SECTOR COMMON GROUND  Operate system as a business (enterprise for local government) Full costs of integrated system are known Accountability for costs and revenues Defensible rates Self-sustaining cost center Apply net-revenues to operating expenses, debt, future investments Issue revenue bonds Separate from economic swings that affect the General Fund

10. LBA ASSOCIATES 2003 Colorado SWANA Annual Mtg CITY of BOULDER (segregated fund)  103,000 people - $1M budget  “Hands-off” approach Open hauling with stringent ordinances – trash, recyclables, yard waste Strong education, BY composting, yard waste and commercial programs  49% diversion  Dedicated trash tax  SW system impacted by city’s $18M deficit

11. LBA ASSOCIATES 2003 Colorado SWANA Annual Mtg PITKIN COUNTY (Enterprise Fund)  15,300 people - $2.8M budget  MRF, Compost, Landfill & HHW  Collection of county buildings/DOCs  Plus aggregate, soil, rock, drop&swap  Non-profit recycling outreach  Funded by LF tip fees, material sales  $250k appropriation by Gen Fund (’02) – 5-year plan

12. LBA ASSOCIATES 2003 Colorado SWANA Annual Mtg CITY OF LOVELAND (Enterprise Fund)  53,000 people - $3.1M budget  Public collection of residential trash, recyclables, yard waste  Drop-off center, joint compost venture  43% residential diversion rate  Funded by user fees (flat base plus variable depending on services), materials sales

13. LBA ASSOCIATES 2003 Colorado SWANA Annual Mtg CITY of DURANGO (Enterprise Fund)  15,000 people - $800k budget  Automated collection of trash/ recyclables at 1-2 units  3 municipal DOCs (incl 2 outside city)  Regional MRF  Seasonal yard waste, paint, e-scrap  Funded through both trash (variable) and recyclable (flat) user fees

14. LBA ASSOCIATES 2003 Colorado SWANA Annual Mtg GRAND COUNTY  12,000 people - $1M budget  Landfill and other wastes  Grand Recycles (NPO) – 3 DOCs, 2 sorting facilities  Includes Kremmling with municipal collection, flat user fees  Funded by LF tip fees, tires (no direct general fund support)

15. LBA ASSOCIATES 2003 Colorado SWANA Annual Mtg MESA COUNTY (Enterprise Fund)  116,000 people - $2.7M budget  Landfill, HHW/CESQG, Compost  4 transfer stations  No formal recycling  Includes Grand Junction with municipal collection, and variable user fees  Funded by LF, CESQG fees and compost sales

16. LBA ASSOCIATES 2003 Colorado SWANA Annual Mtg MORGAN COUNTY (Enterprise Fund)  28,000 people - $725,000 budget  6 transfer stations with recyclables drop-off  Includes Brush and Fort Morgan with municipal collection, and flat user fees  Funded by landfill tip fees (plus 50% surcharge for uncovered loads)