1. 1 Computational and Experimental Thermal Sciences Focus Area Dr. Ray Hixon Focus Area Leader August 17, 2011

2. 2 Gas Turbine Engine Research Current Projects Characterization of Bearings Engine System Simulation Combustor Flow Manufacturing System Optimization

3. 3 Tribology Research Facility High Speed, Magnetic Levitated, Air Bearing Test Stand to Simulate Actual Rotor Behavior in Rotating Machines Up to 75,000 rpm

4. 4 Small Gas Turbine Engine Facility Test Cell and Control Room Support Infrastructure – air supply, utilities, etc. Instrumentation and Data Acquisition System A Flexible Facility for Testing Rotating Components and Engines Operating at High Speed ~ 150,000 RPM

5. 5 Dr. K.C. Masiulaniec & Dr. A.A. Afjeh Small Gas Turbine Slinger Design for Combustion Chamber

6. 6 The NASA GRC BASS code is a general-purpose nonlinear CAA/LES solver: –2D/3D Navier-Stokes or Euler equations. –Curvilinear coordinates with grid motion for flexibility. –Block-structured grids for efficient computation of complex geometries. –Up to 6th order compact differencing in space. –4th order optimized explicit multi-time-step time marching. –Blended 2nd/10th order shock capturing artificial dissipation. –Fortran 2003, MPI-1 parallelization for portability and maintainability. This work is supported by the Subsonic Fixed Wing Project of the NASA Fundamental Aeronautics Program. Dr. Edmane Envia of NASA Glenn is the Technical Monitor. NASA GRC BASS Code (Hixon)

7. 7 Direct Prediction of Turbulent Wake Noise with Computational Aeroacoustics (Sescu/Hixon) Given experimental turbulence measurements at two axial locations between the rotor and stator in the SDT rig, the synthetic turbulence generation method is used to impose turbulence at the upstream location. The predicted turbulence at the downstream location is compared to the data as a sanity check of the method. Perturbation vorticity magnitude snapshot

8. 8 3D Synthetic Turbulence Test (2) BASS Experiment Upstream Downstream TKE u’ snapshot

9. 9 EVA Verification of BASS Multi-Time-Stepping AB4M Implementation (Ingraham/Hixon) Can you prove that your code is solving the governing equations? Because EVA is an external tool, the actual implementation of the AB4M method in the BASS code can be verified… …each with different time steps. Four grid blocks in the domain… As the time step is reduced, the BASS solution of the nonlinear Euler equations converges to the EVA result… …showing fourth order accuracy!

10. 10 Research Facilities Wind Tunnel Laboratory –3-ft x 3-ft closed-loop wind tunnel –Force balance, PSI pressure scanners, hot-wire anemometer, flow visualizations. Optical Flow Diagnostics Laboratory –Two-component fiber-optic laser Doppler anemometer (LDA), Particle Image Velocimeter (PIV), and various optical devices. Others –Semi-anechoic chamber, high-speed jet, water channel, high-speed wind tunnel (under construction), Ohio Super computer (CFD) Research Areas Bio-fluid mechanics –human lung flow and phonation studies Aerodynamics –advances air-vehicle flow controls using mechanical and pneumatic devices, and plasmas Project Funding Sources US Army US Navy US Air Force NIH Array of 8 Microvalves Experimental Fluid Mechanics Research T. Terry Ng. Professor of Mechanical Engineering

11. 11 U 2 NCLE Flow Solver (Sheng) The UT-U 2 NCLE code is a general purpose unstructured RANS CFD solver for fixed and rotary wing aircraft and turbomachinery: –Parallel solver for 3D Navier-Stokes or Euler equations –Unstructured mixed-element meshes with grid motion and deformation capabilities –Incompressible, compressible, and arbitrary Mach number flows –Higher order (> 2 nd ) spatial discretization schemes with 2 nd order temporal accuracy –Implicit Newton’s method to time marching –Spalart-Allmaras and k-e, k-w, q-w two-equation turbulence models This code is being routinely used by Bell Helicopter engineers for rotorcraft aerodynamic analysis and design optimization It has been supported by multiple DoD agencies, NASA, and industries for the past 17 years

12. 12 Blade Pitch Interface Blade Flap Interface Blade Mesh Motion & Deformation Radial Basis Functions lPopular approximation for scattered data, usually used for computer graphics, imaging Most efficient and robust mesh deformation method for large-scale viscous meshes Collaborating with Prof. Chris Allen (Univ. of Bristol) Sliding Interfaces Rigid and prescribed blade motion Fully conservative No interpolation needed

13. 13 Transitional & Rotational Movements 20% chord length 40 degrees

14. 14 Hybrid CFD/Wake Model Bell M427 Main Rotor BladeGeorgia Tech Lagrangian Free Wake Model (Prof. Sankar)

15. 15 CFD/CSD Coupling U2NCLE/DYMORE Coupling (with Prof. Sankar) CFD Wetted Surface Structural Mesh Surface/Volume Deformation (with Prof. Chris Allen)

16. 16 Legal Aspects of Engineering Patent Law Contracts Product Safety and Liability Engineering Entrepreneurs Environmental Law White Collar Crime Dr. Douglas Oliver, PE, Esq.

17. 17 Thermal Science Focus Group Faculty Dr. A. Afjeh, Professor Fluid Dynamics, Propulsion Systems, Computational Method, Energy Conversion Systems. Dr. S. Cioc, Assistant Professor Thermodynamics, Conduction, Heat Transfer, Tribology Dr. R. Hixon, Associate Professor Computational Aeroacoustics, Computational Fluid Dynamics, Large-Eddy Simulations, Turbulence, Fluid-Structures Interaction, Trustworthy Computing.

18. 18 Thermal Science Focus Group Faculty Dr. K. C. Masiulaniec, Associate Professor Phase Change Heat Transfer, Convective Heat Transfer from Roughened Surfaces, High Temperature Heat Exchangers and Industrial Furnaces. Dr. T. Ng, Professor Aerodynamics, Stability, Turbulence, Experimental Methods.

19. 19 Thermal Science Focus Group Faculty Dr. D. Oliver, Associate Professor Engineering Law and Intellectual Property, Heat Transfer, Mathematical Modeling, Microgravity Flow Dynamics. Dr. C. Sheng, Associate Professor Computational Fluid Dynamics, High- Accuracy Unstructured Grid Methods, Preconditioning Methods.

20. 20 MS Degree Course Requirements Core courses (9 hours) MIME 6980: Intermediate Fluid Mechanics and Heat Transfer Either:  MIME 69xx: Advanced Heat Transfer  MIME 69xx: Advanced Fluid Mechanics Either:  MIME 6440: Computational Fluid Dynamics I  MIME 6450: Experimental Fluid Mechanics

21. 21 MS Degree Course Requirements Engineering Mathematics (3 credits) Ordinary Differential Equations: - MIME 6000/8000: Advanced Engineering Math I - Math 5740/7740: Advanced Applied Mathematics I - Math 5800/7800: Ordinary Differential Equations Graduate Level course in Engineering or Mathematics related to the student’s area of specialization. - Get the list of approved courses in the office.