1. The Performance Turn and Software Letizia Jaccheri Department of Computer and Information Science, NTNU letizia@idi.ntnu.no 13 April 2011 www.letiziajaccheri.com International Performativity Seminar 12-14 April 2011 Faculty of Humanities

2. Structure Software (with mini-performance 15 minutes) Context Cases Results Conclusions sewing as a way of seeing 2009

3. What is software?

4. Software, also called program code, governs the behavior of computers void setup() { size(640, 200); background(102); } void draw() { stroke(255); if(mousePressed) { line(mouseX, mouseY, pmouseX, pmouseY); } Processing.org

5. Software, also called program code, governs the behavior of computers

6. Open source software A software system is open source if its code is available to everybody for inspection, use, and modification. Use and further release of modified version of an OSS system are regulated by a license

7. OSS examples?

8. OSS Examples Linux (operating system) – loc 4,142,481 Apache (web server) – Web Sites hosted 179,720,332 – Percent 60.31% – loc 89,967 Scratch (to create animations, games, small multimedia programs) – Users 300.000 Users 300.000 – Projects 1.5 M Projects 1.5 M – http://scratch.mit.edu/users/artentnu2009 http://scratch.mit.edu/users/artentnu2009

9. The new just might be old - Research methods in software engineering mathematical proofs empirical studies (qualitative, quantitative, experiments, case studies, surveys, positivism, interpretivism) Literature reviews Design science Action research …

11. Cases Researcher Days Night 2009 Itovation 2009 NTNU Fest 2010 K+K=K 2010

12. Research Questions Research Question: How can we increase knowledge about the intersection between software and art? Question for Practice: How can software benefit from art and vice versa?

13. Results 1.a stakeholder model – developers, users, researchers, and artists 2.a open documentation model – patchwork of words, still and moving images, music and sound, and digital code 3.Development or use? – HCI, software engineering 4.How to evaluate works in this intersection? – Technical and esthetics quality 5.Are there feelings beyond creativity and amusement we should look at? – Boring, romantic, contemplative, anger, etc.

14. Researcher Days Night 2009 - stakeholders

15. Itovation 2009 - stakeholders

16. NTNU Fest 2010 - romantic

17. K+K=K 2010 - fun

18. K+K=K 2010 – concentrated

19. Conclusions Questions and comments www.letiziajaccheri.com – References ACM digital library (86 results performativity) Colin Burns, Eric Dishman, William Verplank, and Bud Lassiter. Actors, Hairdos & Videotape Informance Design. In Conference companion on Human factors in computing systems, CHI '94 Peter Danholt. Prototypes as performative. In Proceedings of the 4th decennial conference on Critical computing: between sense and sensibility, 2005. Nancy A. Van House. Collocated photo sharing, story-telling, and the performance of self. Int. J. Hum.-Comput. Stud., 2009. Daniel Hug. Performativity in design and evaluation of sounding interactive commodities. In Proceedings of the 5th Audio Mostly Conference: 2010 Sian E. Lindleya et al.. Narrative, memory and practice: Tensions and choices in the use of a digital artefact. In HCI 2009 2009. Adrian Mackenzie. The Performativity of Code: Software and Cultures of Circulation. Theory Culture Society, 2005