2. Kidney Functions Anatomy of the Kidney Anatomy of the Nephron Urine Formation Water Balance Q $100 Q $200 Q $300 Q $400 Q $500 Q $100 Q $200 Q $300 Q $400 Q $500 Final Jeopardy Jeopardy

3. The kidney filters out natural waste products of protein metabolism. They contain this element.

4. What is nitrogen?

5. The kidney plays a role in the production of this vitamin

6. What is Vitamin D?

7. Along with water, the kidney controls the balance of salt ions, which are also known as this.

8. What are electrolytes?

9. Along with urea and uric acid, this is also an important nitrogenous wastes found in urine.

10. What is creatinine?

11. Because it controls total body fluid volume, the kidney also has an influence on this aspect of homeostasis.

12. What is blood pressure?

13. Blood is filtered by nephrons in this region of the kidney where nephrons are found.

14. What is the cortex?

15. These are the two coverings of the kidney.

16. What is the renal capsule and the adipose capsule?

17. These medullary structures consist of collecting ducts carrying urine toward the renal pelvis.

18. What are medullary or renal pyramids?

19. These cup shaped structures catch urine draining from the medullary pyramids.

20. What are the calyces?

21. This structure sits beneath the bladder in males and controls the dual function of the urethra.

22. What is the prostate gland?

23. This specialized capillary is the site of filtration.

24. What is the glomerulus?

25. This is the start of the renal tubule and catches filtrate from the glomerulus.

26. What is Bowman’s capsule?

27. These reabsorb filtrate from the renal tubule.

28. What are peritubular capillaries?

29. After passing through the renal tubule, filtrate is now urine and enters this structure.

30. What is the collecting duct?

31. List in order the 4 parts of the renal tubule:

32. What is: Bowman’s Capsule Proximal convoluted tubule Loop of Henle Distal convoluted tubule

33. These are the 3 steps in urine formation.

34. What is filtration, reabsorption, and secretion?

35. Urine’s color comes from this pigment.

36. What is urochrome?

37. Anything smaller than these molecules are can fit through the glomerulus.

38. What are proteins?

39. Name 4 important substances that are reabsorbed in the nephron..

40. What is water, glucose, amino acids, and ions?

41. These substances are secreted into the filtrate from the peritubular capillaries.

42. What are Hydrogen and potassium ions and creatinine?

43. These individuals have the highest water content.

44. What are babies?

45. Most of the our body water is found here.

46. What is inside cells (intracellular)?

47. This hormone causes reabsorption of salt and thereby increases body fluid volume.

48. What is aldosterone?

49. This is our biggest source of water loss.

50. What is vaporization out of the lungs?

51. Water level monitoring is done by sensor cells in the kidney as well as this part of the brain.

52. What is the hypothalamus?

53. Final Jeopardy

54. Final Jeopardy Answer