1. IEEE 802.16 & 802.15 Priyanka Vanjani CST 554: Short Presentation ASU Id # 993923182

2. Agenda IEEE and IEEE Standards IEEE and IEEE Standards 802.16 802.16 Benefits of 802.16 Benefits of 802.16 Problems associated with 802.16 Problems associated with 802.16 802.16 vs 802.11 802.16 vs 802.11 802.15 802.15 Problems associated with 802.15 Problems associated with 802.15 Conclusion Conclusion

3. IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers International, Non-profit organization International, Non-profit organization Leading standards-making organizations in industries like IT, healthcare, telecommunications, IS etc. Leading standards-making organizations in industries like IT, healthcare, telecommunications, IS etc.

4. IEEE Standards 802.1 LAN/MAN bridging, remote MAC bridging 802.2 Logical Link control standards for connectivity 802.3 Ethernet standards for CSMA/CD 802.4 Standards for token passing bus access 802.5 Standards for token rings & LAN/MAN comm. 802.6 Standards for information exchange 802.7 Broadband LAN cabling 802.8 Fiber Optic connection 802.9 For services like voice and data

5. IEEE Standards (contd..) 802.10 For LAN/MAN security implementations 802.11 WiFi-Wireless Networking 802.12 Standards for demand priority access methods 802.14 For cable television broadband communications 802.15.1Bluetooth 802.15.4 Wireless Sensor/Control Networks: Zigbee 802.16 Wireless Networking: WiMAX

6. 802.16 Aims at deploying broadband Wireless Metropolitan Area Networks Aims at deploying broadband Wireless Metropolitan Area Networks Approved in Dec 2001 Approved in Dec 2001 Entry of broadband wireless access to link homes and businesses worldwide Entry of broadband wireless access to link homes and businesses worldwide 802.16 Wireless MAN provides network access to buildings by using exterior antennas 802.16 Wireless MAN provides network access to buildings by using exterior antennas

7. 802.16 (contd..) Network access through cables is no longer required Network access through cables is no longer required 802.16: delivers broadband wireless transmission in the frequency range: 10-66 GHz 802.16: delivers broadband wireless transmission in the frequency range: 10-66 GHz 802.16a: 2-11 GHz 802.16a: 2-11 GHz Lower frequency range helps reach more people and cost less Lower frequency range helps reach more people and cost less

8. 802.16 (contd..) 802.16: Line of sight only, 10-66GHz, Point-to-Multipoint applications 802.16: Line of sight only, 10-66GHz, Point-to-Multipoint applications 802.16a: Non Line of sight, 2-11GHz, Point-to-Multipoint applications. Base stations directly connect to the customer 802.16a: Non Line of sight, 2-11GHz, Point-to-Multipoint applications. Base stations directly connect to the customer 802.16c: Line of sight communication, 802.16c: Line of sight communication, 10-66GHz. Can be used in backhaul networks to connect 802.16a BS with high- speed links over long distances

9. 802.16 (contd..)

10. How it works?

11. How it works? (contd..) 802.16 provides communication path between the subscriber site and the core network 802.16 provides communication path between the subscriber site and the core network It has a three-layered architecture It has a three-layered architecture

12. How it works? (contd..) Physical Layer: lowest layer, deals with error correction, synchronization, modulation and frequency. DAMA-TDMA technique is used for transmission from subscribers  base station Physical Layer: lowest layer, deals with error correction, synchronization, modulation and frequency. DAMA-TDMA technique is used for transmission from subscribers  base station MAC Layer: layer above Physical layer, associated with in what manner and when a station will initiate transmission MAC Layer: layer above Physical layer, associated with in what manner and when a station will initiate transmission

13. How it works? (contd..) Convergence Layer: for providing functions specific to the service such as ATM, internet Convergence Layer: for providing functions specific to the service such as ATM, internet

14. Benefits Services can be deployed faster even where wires cannot be reached Services can be deployed faster even where wires cannot be reached Reliable & Scalable Reliable & Scalable Single station is capable of serving hundreds of users Single station is capable of serving hundreds of users Wireless systems can span large geographical areas and are not expensive as cable links are not required Wireless systems can span large geographical areas and are not expensive as cable links are not required

15. Benefits (contd..) Efficient even when there are multiple connections per terminal Efficient even when there are multiple connections per terminal Provides QoS (Quality of Service) mechanisms Provides QoS (Quality of Service) mechanisms

16. 802.16 : Amendments 802.16e-2005: Mobile 802.16 802.16e-2005: Mobile 802.16 802.16f-2005: Management Information Base 802.16f-2005: Management Information Base 802.16g-2007: Management Plane Procedures and Services 802.16g-2007: Management Plane Procedures and Services 802.16k-2007: Bridging of 802.16 802.16k-2007: Bridging of 802.16

17. Problems Difficult to determine each and every physical location for accurate placement of the equipment Difficult to determine each and every physical location for accurate placement of the equipment As a result, Deployment costs might increase As a result, Deployment costs might increase Operational costs are high too Operational costs are high too Needs strong electrical support-higher costs and power consumption Needs strong electrical support-higher costs and power consumption

18. Problems (contd..) Weather conditions such as rain can interfere with reception Weather conditions such as rain can interfere with reception Limitation of bandwidth: In high density areas, bandwidth may not be sufficient to meet the needs of all the users-high costs Limitation of bandwidth: In high density areas, bandwidth may not be sufficient to meet the needs of all the users-high costs Costs associated with setting up wireless network since the frequency used is licensed by the government Costs associated with setting up wireless network since the frequency used is licensed by the government

19. 802.15 & 802.16 802.15802.16 Bluetooth Group Bluetooth Group Wireless Personal Area Networks (PAN) Wireless Personal Area Networks (PAN) 802.15.1-derives a Wireless PAN standard based on bluetooth specifications 802.15.1-derives a Wireless PAN standard based on bluetooth specifications 802.15.4-emphasizes on low cost communication of nearby devices. Simple battery operated devices as sensors 802.15.4-emphasizes on low cost communication of nearby devices. Simple battery operated devices as sensors Wireless MAN Wireless MAN Addresses point to multipoint communications Addresses point to multipoint communications Less costs as compared to DSL or cable modem access Less costs as compared to DSL or cable modem access 10-66GHz for 802.16c and 10-66GHz for 802.16c and 2-11GHz for 802.16a 2-11GHz for 802.16a

20. 802.16 & 802.11 802.16802.11 WiMAX WiMAX License is required License is required Performs well when there are large number of users Performs well when there are large number of users Range: can go upto 50km Range: can go upto 50km Wi-Fi Wi-Fi No license required by govt. No license required by govt. Has performance limitations with large number of users Has performance limitations with large number of users Range: optimized for 100m Range: optimized for 100m

21. 802.16 & 802.11 802.16802.11 QoS: Guaranteed mechanisms to provide QoS QoS: Guaranteed mechanisms to provide QoS 802.16a: 2-11GHz 802.16a: 2-11GHz 802.16c: 10-66GHz 802.16c: 10-66GHz Security: WEP, WPA, WPA2 Security: WEP, WPA, WPA2 QoS: No guarantee for delays, throughput QoS: No guarantee for delays, throughput Operates in the 5GHz and 2.4GHz bands Operates in the 5GHz and 2.4GHz bands Security: 128-bit 3 DES, 1024-bit RSA Security: 128-bit 3 DES, 1024-bit RSA

22. Problems with 802.15 IEEE 802.15.4 does not take into account changes in the predetermined frequency channel. In case of interferences, switching to another channel is not possible IEEE 802.15.4 does not take into account changes in the predetermined frequency channel. In case of interferences, switching to another channel is not possible Not well-suited to applications with larger distance between nodes Not well-suited to applications with larger distance between nodes Can accommodate 7 or more nodes and has a short range of 10 meters Can accommodate 7 or more nodes and has a short range of 10 meters

23. Problems with 802.15 Cannot operate well in high interference environments Cannot operate well in high interference environments

24. Conclusion Both 802.16 and 802.15 have their own advantages and disadvantages. While 802.16 has high installation costs, 802.15 is not expensive and doesn’t need licensing. 802.15 is used for devices like bluetooth, home security and 802.16 is Wireless MAN’s. To conclude, they both have different transmission range, rate and work in different situations Both 802.16 and 802.15 have their own advantages and disadvantages. While 802.16 has high installation costs, 802.15 is not expensive and doesn’t need licensing. 802.15 is used for devices like bluetooth, home security and 802.16 is Wireless MAN’s. To conclude, they both have different transmission range, rate and work in different situations

25. References http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IEEE http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IEEE http://wirelessman.org/docs/02/C80216- 02_05.pdf http://wirelessman.org/docs/02/C80216- 02_05.pdf http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IEEE_802.16 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IEEE_802.16 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WiMAX http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WiMAX http://mocca.objectweb.org/attach?page=WP 3Events%2FIEEE802.16.pdf http://mocca.objectweb.org/attach?page=WP 3Events%2FIEEE802.16.pdf http://www.wireless.ucla.edu/techreports/UC LA-WINMEC-2003-401-802.16-NW.pdf http://www.wireless.ucla.edu/techreports/UC LA-WINMEC-2003-401-802.16-NW.pdf

26. References (contd..) http://rswcyyw.blogspot.com/2007/06/wimax- disadvantages.html http://rswcyyw.blogspot.com/2007/06/wimax- disadvantages.html http://www.networkworld.com/news/tech/200 1/0903tech.html http://www.networkworld.com/news/tech/200 1/0903tech.html http://www.sentecelektronik.de/downloads/wir elessnetworksolutions.pdf http://www.sentecelektronik.de/downloads/wir elessnetworksolutions.pdf http://www.rfm.com/products/page2.htm http://www.rfm.com/products/page2.htm http://www.networkworld.com/news/tech/200 1/0903tech.html http://www.networkworld.com/news/tech/200 1/0903tech.html

27. References (contd..) http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http: //www.cs.wustl.edu/~jain http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http: //www.cs.wustl.edu/~jain http://www.fumec.org.mx/ingles/resources/col lab%20acad%20nov%202005/5.Akingbehin.pdf http://www.fumec.org.mx/ingles/resources/col lab%20acad%20nov%202005/5.Akingbehin.pdf http://www.cs.wustl.edu/~jain/cse574- 06/ftp/j_6man/sld022.htm http://www.cs.wustl.edu/~jain/cse574- 06/ftp/j_6man/sld022.htm http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IEEE_802.11 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IEEE_802.11

28. Thank You !