1. Digital Storytelling Digital stories in the classroom New Media Pathways to Literacy, Learning, & Creativity (Corwin Press, August, 2007) www.jasonOhler.com/storytelling

2. Digital Storytelling MATERIALS

3. Digital Storytelling What’s digital storytelling about? Stories and storytelling… Tech serving story, not vice versa… What happens when give bad guitar player bigger amplifier?

4. Digital Storytelling Creation vs. consumption… Tecosystem = story environment What’s digital storytelling about? Digital natives (vs. digital immigrants) (Prensky) Speaking their language with their tools…

5. Digital Storytelling Digital native info landscape… (Prensky)

6. Digital Storytelling Teacher more imp. than ever… Leave clicks, tricks to kids Deputize: guide on side rather than technician magician Quality Wisdom

7. William Tell and the Young Girl Who Could Fix Computers…” “

8. Digital Storytelling Problem (tension) Solution (resolution) Transformation Story Core Story

9. Digital Storytelling Story Core

10. Digital Storytelling Trans- formation

11. Digital Storytelling Nature of transformation?

12. Digital Storytelling 8 Levels of character transformation… 1.Physical/kinesthetic - strength, dexterity, realizing potential 2.Inner strength - courage, realizing potential

13. Digital Storytelling 8 Levels of character transformation… 1.Physical/kinesthetic - strength, dexterity, realizing potential 2.Inner strength - courage, realizing potential 3.Emotional - maturity, realization 4.Moral - conscience, realizing “right”

14. Digital Storytelling 8 Levels of character transformation… 1.Physical/kinesthetic - strength, dexterity, realizing potential 2.Inner strength - courage, realizing potential 3.Emotional - maturity, realization 4.Moral - conscience, realizing “right” 5.Psychological - insight, self-awareness, realization, revelation 6.Social - realizing responsibility

15. Digital Storytelling 8 Levels of character transformation… 1.Physical/kinesthetic - strength, dexterity, realizing potential 2.Inner strength - courage, realizing potential 3.Emotional - maturity, realization 4.Moral - conscience, realizing “right” 5.Psychological - insight, self-awareness, realization, revelation 6.Social - realizing responsibility 7. Intellectual/creative - learning, problem solving, critical thinking, realizing new understandings 8. Spiritual - awakening, revelation

16. Digital Storytelling 8 Levels of character transformation… 1.Physical/kinesthetic - strength, dexterity, realizing potential 2.Inner strength - courage, realizing potential 3.Emotional - maturity, realization 4.Moral - conscience, realizing “right” 5.Psychological - insight, self-awareness, realization, revelation 6.Social - realizing responsibility 7. Intellectual/creative - learning, problem solving, critical thinking, realizing new understandings 8. Spiritual - awakening, revelation

17. Digital Storytelling Bloom’s taxonomy as transformation… LevelKindExplanation #6EvaluationCharacter assesses situation, critiques and/or defends idea, person; evaluates a situation in order to respond to it… #5SynthesisCharacter pieces together parts to form new understanding of situation… #4AnalysisCharacter deconstructs a situation, distinguishes among options, plans or organizes something, compares and contrasts different things… #3ApplicationCharacter discovers, constructs or changes something; applies understanding to a new situation… #2ComprehensionCharacter explains, interprets, predicts something… #1KnowledgeCharacter knows, remembers, describes something…

18. Digital Storytelling 1.Tell, watch stories some… 2.Story core, story map… 3.You create a story map… 4.Peer pitch it… 5.Develop media lists… 6.Assessment… 7.DST talking points… Today’s plan:

19. Digital Storytelling Watch, discuss: Rolling ball Hannah Piano Good dad Life w/o air travel

20. Digital Storytelling - Learning - Story Core for learning- the quest story becomes the question story Inquiry Discovery

21. Digital Storytelling Make students heroes of their own learning stories…

22. Digital Storytelling Watch, discuss: Rolling ball Hannah Piano Good dad Life w/o air travel

23. Digital Storytelling Story Core

24. Digital Storytelling Watch, discuss: Rolling ball Hannah Piano Good dad Life w/o air travel

25. Digital Storytelling Story Core

26. Digital Storytelling Watch, discuss: Rolling ball Hannah Piano Good dad Life w/o air travel

27. Digital Storytelling Story Core

28. Digital Storytelling Watch, discuss: Rolling ball Hannah Piano Good dad Life w/o air travel

29. Digital Storytelling Story Core

30. Digital Storytelling Putting story core to work: Story mapping

31. Digital Storytelling Traditional story planning process 1. Get a story idea 2. Develop storyboard or outline and script

32. Digital Storytelling Traditional story boarding Angle: Shot: Movement: Audio: Angle: Shot: Movement: Audio: Technical direction

33. Digital Storytelling Angle: wide Shot: side of bus, going to school Movement: follow bus Audio: music (Born to Learn) Angle: wide, zoom in Shot: front of school, students entering Movement: stationary Audio: music, cont. Technical direction None - ambient happy school bus noise Teacher at door, greeting each child as they enter Story board for “We Won’t Leave School” Technical direction

34. Digital Storytelling http://www.csupomona.edu/~wcweber/325/storybd.htm Teacher at door, greeting each child as they enter Script, voice over narration: “Once upon a time there were children so in love with school they refused to leave when summer vacation came. They demanded to keep learning. ‘More math problems!’ they cried.” None - voice over with ambient happy school, bus noise Story board for “We Won’t Leave School” Angle: wide Shot: side of bus, going to school Movement: follow bus Audio: music (Born to Learn) Technical direction

35. Digital Storytelling Traditional story planning process 1. Get a story idea 2. Develop storyboard or outline and script

36. Digital Storytelling Traditional story planning process 1. Get a story idea NO! 2. Develop storyboard or outline and script

37. Digital Storytelling New story planning process 1. Get a story idea 3. Develop storyboard or outline and script 2. Develop story map New!

38. Digital Storytelling Key concept: Story mapping vs. boarding… …the flow of emotion vs. the flow of motion… VS. : New!

39. Digital Storytelling (Dillingham, 2003; modified Ohler 2005) VPS + transformation = quest Transformation Problem (tension) Solution (resolution) BeginningEnd

40. Digital Storytelling Story Core

41. Digital Storytelling Story Core within the story map (Ohler, 2005) Transformation Story Problem (tension) Solution (resolution) BeginningEnd

42. Digital Storytelling Story Map (Ohler, 2005) Transformation Story Problem (tension) Solution (resolution) - challenge - opportunity - obstacle - goal -meet challenge -realize opportunity -overcome obstacle -reach goal Ordinary life… “the call to adventure…” closure “Life” resumes… BeginningEnd

43. Digital Storytelling Story Map (Ohler, 2005) Transformation Problem (tension) Solution (resolution) - challenge - opportunity - obstacle - goal -meet challenge -realize opportunity -overcome obstacle -reach goal Ordinary life… “the call to adventure…” closure “Life” resumes… BeginningEnd

44. Digital Storytelling Story Map (VPS) (Dillingham, 2003, with Transformation (Ohler, 2005)

45. Digital Storytelling Visual Portrait of Story (VPS) - the quest (Dillingham, 2003; modified, Ohler 2005)

46. Digital Storytelling Many maps…

47. Digital Storytelling End Aristotle - Story Map/Diagram complication peripeteia Aristotle (reversal of fortune) tying of the knot untying anagnorisis (transformation, realization) - - Middle - - (denouement) Beginning From THE POETICS by Aristotle

48. Digital Storytelling Freytag’s story pyramid ("untying the knot”) From DIE TECHNIK DES DRAMAS by Freytag, 1863 Inciting incidentResolution

49. Digital Storytelling Joseph Campbell call to adventure tests challenges problems rescue resolution resurrection moral, lessons learned, changed habits threshold of adventure transformation helpers flight From HERO HAS A THOUSAND FACES by Campbell

50. Digital Storytelling Breneman Minor climaxes Quick ending after climax From ONCE UPON A TIME - A STORYTELLING BOOK by Breneman and Breneman

51. Digital Storytelling McKee From STORY by McKee Bringing life back into balance…watch “Adaptation”…

52. Digital Storytelling Treasure map Less structure, more adaptable… begin here or evolve into this approach…? reversal smaller conflict relatively more significant conflict steep resolution medium gradual rise to adventure sharp change smoother change start here… end here…

53. Digital Storytelling Adapt-a-map by Michael Christenson, Media Literacy class, 2005

54. Digital Storytelling From maps to media development process…

55. Digital Storytelling Pre- production Production Post- production Performance, distribution make media list gather raw media components begin editing raw media components & creating new ones finish creating, editing media components (voice-over, music, pics, video, scans, etc.) assemble media into final product formative review mix, add transitions, titles add credits & citations final review final editing export final product into readable format showing in class, community Web posting local TV? local festival? DVD? notifying others - MEDIA PRODUCTION PROCESS - Story planning ideas story storming story map peer pitching scripting, writing story- boarding telling/re- telling

56. Digital Storytelling Pre- production Production Post- production Performance, distribution make media list gather raw media components begin editing raw media components & creating new ones finish creating, editing media components (voice-over, music, pics, video, scans, etc.) assemble media into final product formative review mix, add transitions, titles add credits & citations final review final editing export final product into readable format showing in class, community Web posting local TV? local festival? DVD? notifying others - MEDIA PRODUCTION PROCESS - Story planning ideas story storming story map peer pitching scripting, writing story- boarding telling/re- telling

57. Digital Storytelling Pre- production Production Post- production Performance, distribution make media list gather raw media components begin editing raw media components & creating new ones finish creating, editing media components (voice-over, music, pics, video, scans, etc.) assemble media into final product formative review mix, add transitions, titles add credits & citations final review final editing export final product into readable format showing in class, community Web posting local TV? local festival? DVD? notifying others - MEDIA PRODUCTION PROCESS - Story planning ideas story storming story map peer pitching scripting, writing story- boarding telling/re- telling

58. Digital Storytelling Pre- production Production Post- production Performance, distribution make media list gather raw media components begin editing raw media components & creating new ones finish creating, editing media components (voice-over, music, pics, video, scans, etc.) assemble media into final product formative review mix, add transitions, titles add credits & citations final review final editing export final product into readable format showing in class, community Web posting local TV? local festival? DVD? notifying others - MEDIA PRODUCTION PROCESS - Story planning ideas story storming story map peer pitching scripting, writing story- boarding telling/re- telling

59. Digital Storytelling Pre- production Production Post- production Performance, distribution make media list gather raw media components begin editing raw media components & creating new ones finish creating, editing media components (voice-over, music, pics, video, scans, etc.) assemble media into final product formative review mix, add transitions, titles add credits & citations final review final editing export final product into readable format showing in class, community Web posting local TV? local festival? DVD? notifying others - MEDIA PRODUCTION PROCESS - Story planning ideas story storming story map peer pitching scripting, writing story- boarding telling/re- telling

60. Digital Storytelling Pre- production Production Post- production Performance, distribution make media list gather raw media components begin editing raw media components & creating new ones finish creating, editing media components (voice-over, music, pics, video, scans, etc.) assemble media into final product formative review mix, add transitions, titles add credits & citations final review final editing export final product into readable format showing in class, community Web posting local TV? local festival? DVD? notifying others - MEDIA PRODUCTION PROCESS - Story planning ideas story storming story map peer pitching scripting, writing story- boarding telling/re- telling

61. Digital Storytelling make ingredients list gather, buy ingredients begin making cake components frost decorate add candles credits, citations for those who helped cut the cake distribute, share seconds anyone? take leftovers to work share recipe ideas brain- storm decide on cake get recipe, directions finish components (dough, frosting, etc.) taste test assemble cake into final product bake, let cool Pre- production Production Post- production Performance, distribution Cake planning - CAKE PRODUCTION PROCESS -

62. Digital Storytelling Pre- production Production Post- production Performance, distribution make media list gather raw media components begin editing raw media components & creating new ones finish creating, editing media components (voice-over, music, pics, video, scans, etc.) assemble media into final product formative review mix, add transitions, titles add credits & citations final review final editing export final product into readable format showing in class, community Web posting local TV? local festival? DVD? notifying others - MEDIA PRODUCTION PROCESS - Story planning ideas story storming story map peer pitching scripting, writing story- boarding telling/re- telling

63. Digital Storytelling Pre- production Production Post- production Performance, distribution make media list gather raw media components begin editing raw media components & creating new ones finish creating, editing media components (voice-over, music, pics, video, scans, etc.) assemble media into final product formative review mix, add transitions, titles add credits & citations final review final editing export final product into readable format showing in class, community Web posting local TV? local festival? DVD? notifying others - MEDIA PRODUCTION PROCESS - Story planning ideas story storming story map peer pitching scripting, writing story- boarding telling/re- telling TODAY 3 2 1

64. Digital Storytelling Narrative development process

65. Digital Storytelling Digital story telling thinkpoints… What’s it all about…?

66. Digital Storytelling DST Thinkpoints: Backwards design DAOW of literacy Combine story, critical thinking Assess everything Rule of 80/20

67. Digital Storytelling Transformation? Problem (tension) Solution (resolution) Beginning Ordinary life… closure “Life” resumes… Start your story anywhere… Middle (conflict, growth) End Build story around a key transformation you want to illustrate… ‘Problem/ resolution scenario you want to flesh out? Start here… I rarely start here… Do you have a “moral” you want students to understand? Start here and work backwards… Opportunities or challenges for your students? Start here… (Dillingham, 2003; modified, Ohler 2005) - challenge - opportunity - obstacle - goal -meet challenge -realize opportunity -overcome obstacle -reach goal

68. Digital Storytelling DST Thinkpoints: Backwards design DAOW of literacy Combine story, critical thinking Assess everything Rule of 80/20

69. Digital Storytelling DAOW of literacy… Digital storytelling blends a number of literacies… Including MEDIA LITERACY… (4thR)

70. Digital Storytelling DST Thinkpoints: Backwards design DAOW of literacy Combine story, critical thinking Assess everything Rule of 80/20

71. Digital Storytelling Stories are dangerous… Art Theater vs. Political theater VS. From Good Ideas Need Love Too by Alan Kay

72. Digital Storytelling Story thinking vs. Analytic thinking VS. Two kinds of thinking…

73. Digital Storytelling Report/ Documentary Story Two kinds of thinking… VS. Where…? ? Story thinking vs. Analytic thinking

74. Digital Storytelling New frontier… = new pedagogies… + Story thinking Analytic thinking +

75. Digital Storytelling Two kinds of thinking STORIES REPORTS* Internal rhythm…- Not usually Tension-resolution…- Not usually Inquiry-discovery…- Not usually (can be…) Involvement…- Not usually (marginal) Flow structure…- Not usually (episodic) Info in context of expectation… - Not usually (listed info) Memorable info container… - Not usually * exceptional documentaries

76. Digital Storytelling DST Thinkpoints: Backwards design DAOW of literacy Combine story, critical thinking Assess everything Rule of 80/20

77. Digital Storytelling Beneath story: storyboards, story maps, scripts, photos, footage, music, logs, media lists, narratives, treatments…lots of writing “under the radar”…if it ain’t on the page… Story on the digital stage is just tip of artifact/assessment iceberg… Assessment

78. Digital Storytelling Assessment Reason teachers don’t require more new media projects from students?? Not comfortable assessing new media… So, let’s help them… Role of media grammar in new media…

79. Digital Storytelling Digital story rubric 1.Story 2.Voice 3.Length, pacing, economy 4.Media use 5.Technique, media grammar 6.Assessable artifacts 7.Citations ©

80. Digital Storytelling DST Thinkpoints: Backwards design DAOW of literacy Combine story, critical thinking Assess everything Rule of 80/20

81. Digital Storytelling First 80% Last 20% 20% last 80% glitz, fixing every little thing… the production wall - project completion - Hitting the production wall Rule of 80/20 - costs, resources -

82. Digital Storytelling First 80% Last 20% 20% last 80% - costs, resources - My advice? Forget the last 20%!!! - project completion - Rule of 80/20

83. Digital Storytelling Digital story rubric No rules, just guidelines… No formulas, just forms of you… Story teller covenant…

84. Digital Storytelling Story- Story core? Transformation? Engagement? What’s learned? What if technology were removed? Voice- Authentic? Tone consistent? Scope, length, flow- Economy? Length appropriate? Anything extraneous? Digital story rubric

85. Digital Storytelling Story- Story core? Transformation? Engagement? What’s learned? What if technology were removed? Voice- Authentic? Tone consistent? Scope, length, flow- Economy? Length appropriate? Anything extraneous? Digital story rubric

86. Digital Storytelling Story- Story core? Transformation? Engagement? What’s learned? What if technology were removed? Voice- Authentic? Tone consistent? Scope, length, flow- Economy? Length appropriate? Anything extraneous? Digital story rubric

87. Digital Storytelling Media- Media support story, not vice versa? Explain media choices? Media literacy moments? Technique- Media grammar? Well-mixed? Bumping? Squinting? Digital story rubric Assessable artifacts- Writing? Planning docs? Story map? Board? Copyright? Citations?

88. Digital Storytelling Media- Media support story, not vice versa? Explain media choices? Media literacy moments? Technique- Media grammar? Well-mixed? Bumping? Squinting? Digital story rubric Assessable artifacts- Writing? Planning docs? Story map? Board? Copyright? Citations?

89. Digital Storytelling Media- Media support story, not vice versa? Explain media choices? Media literacy moments? Technique- Media grammar? Well-mixed? Bumping? Squinting? Digital story rubric Assessable artifacts- Writing? Planning docs? Story map? Board? Copyright? Citations?

90. Digital Storytelling Ms. Manners says: - citation - permission - compensation © Digital story rubric Copyright/fair use - Is all non-original material accounted for? Jason says: make your own!

91. Digital Storytelling Media grammar… www.jasonOhler.com

92. Digital Storytelling Steady camera… Clear audio… (ear squinting?) Well-mixed audio… Clear, effective lighting… (eye squinting?) Subject-oriented shot… Relevant background… Unless on purpose! Media grammar-video

93. Digital Storytelling Bump… Squint…? (eyes, ear, mind) Confused or distracted…? Story clear, supported, not overwhelmed Use of music… (show three “music” movies) Media grammar

94. Digital Storytelling Go tell your story! www.jasonOhler.com Thank you…

95. Digital Storytelling Go tell your story! www.jasonOhler.com Thank you…

96. Digital Storytelling ProblemSolutionTransformation Story storming

97. Digital Storytelling Storming with Adams’ story spine The platform Once upon a time… Every day… The catalyst: But one day… The consequences: Because of that… The climax: Until finally… The resolution: Ever since then… The moral of this story is… Story Spine by Kenn Adams

98. Works, pictures, diagrams and web resources referenced in presentations are identified in the following slides. Those referenced in black are those more often used in the “Digital Storytelling” presentation. Those referenced in red are those more often used in the “Then What?” presentation. Those referenced in green are those more often used in the “Teachies are from Venus, Techies are from Mars” presentation. However, presentations are always in a state of evolution, and any resource may appear in any presentation. Every effort has been made to identify sources, obtain permission, provide compensation when required, and respect copyright. You are free to use the content in this presentation for non- commercial, in-house, informal purposes. Please include this “works cited” section if you do. Feel free to contact me. Works cited

99. Diagrams, books cited Bloom, Benjamin, and David Krathwohl. Taxonomy of Educational Objectives: The Classification of Educational Goals. New York: Longmans, Green, 1956. Breneman, Lucille, and Bren Breneman. Once Upon a Time - A Storytelling Handbook. Chicago: Nelson-Hall, 1983. Brown, John Seely, Stephen Denning, Katalina Groh, and Laurence Prusak. Storytelling in Organizations. Oxford: Heinemann, 2005. Campbell, Joseph, and Krathwohl. The Hero with a Thousand Faces. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1973. Denning, Stephen. The Springboard - How Storytelling Ignites Action in Knowledge-Era Organizations. Oxford: Heinemann, 2001. Dillingham, Brett. "Performance Literacy." The Reading Teacher. Sept. 2005: 72-75. Egan, Kiernan, and. Teaching as Story Telling. Chicago: Chicago Press, 1989. Freytag. Die Technik des Dramas (Technique of Drama). 1863. Goodman, Steven. Teaching Youth Media. New York: Teacher's College Press, 2003. Works cited

100. Diagrams, books cited, continued… Kay, A. (1996). “Revealing the elephant: The use and misuse of computers in education.”Sequence, 31(4), 1-2. Lambert, Joe. Digital Storytelling Cookbook and Traveling Companion. 3 ed. Berkeley: Digital Diner Press, 2003. McKee, John. Story- Substance, Structure, Style and the Principles of Screenwriting. New York: HarperCollins, 1997. McLuhan, M. (1964). Understanding media: The extensions of man. New York: McGraw-Hill. MomaDay, N. Scott. House Made of Dawn. New York: HarperCollins, 1969. Nueroff, Laura Joffe. If You Give a Mouse a Cookie: New York: Laura Geringer, 1985. Porter, Bernajean. Digitales: The Art of Telling Digital Stories. Sedalia: Porter Publications, 2004. Simmons, Annette. The Story Factor. Cambridge: Perseus Books, 1997. Tarantino, Quentin. Pulp Fiction. 1994. Telford, Kenneth. Aristotle Poetics, Translation and Analysis. Chicago: Regenery, 1970. Theodosakis, Nikos. Director in the Classroom. San Diego: Tech4Learning Publishing, 2001. Toelken, Barre. "The Icebergs of Folktale: Misconception, Misuse, Abuse." Who Says? Essays on Pivotal Issues in Contemporary Storytelling. Ed. Carol Birch. Little Rock: August House, 1996. 35-63. Works cited, cont.

101. Resources cited Graphics, photos, from Clipart.com (thru an annual fee): Alarm clock: 21767547-alarmClock.jpg Angry lady: fear-anger-lady-19066489.jpg Art the artitst: peck048j.thb.jpg Baby with luminescent computer: 32354173babyComputer.jpg Ball and chain: BallAndChain-1835320.jpg Brainstorming: sy17981.thb.brainstorm.jpg Comedy-tragedy-masks: 21724700drama.thb.jpg Committee: 2359488committee.jpg Virtual Community: g0166537.thb-virtual-community.jpg Computer director: 20856935director.jpg Credo: crctr573.thb.oldman.jpg Crowd: 2541410.crowd.jpg Digital camera (part of media collage in bubble): 20076414digital.jpg Dragon on knight’s chest: 14697971dragon.jpg Fear cartoon: 14753071-fear.jpg GarageSale-Stuff: 1722608.garage.sale5.jpg Guy with idea light bulb: 3049773-idea.jpg Guy balancing computers: 20207046.thb-balance.jpg Hammerguy: Microsoft stock clip art Hearts arguing; 20436442-heartsArguing.jpg Kid in movie theater: 19016181theater.jpg Kid painting: kid-painting-20160430.gif Kid thinking 30899756kidThinking.thb.jpg Kid with A+ paper: 22316907evaluation.thb.jpg

102. Resources, cont. Graphics, photos, from Clipart.com (thru an annual fee): Kid with magnifying glass: 19121841evaluation2.jpg. Kids behind Edwina: 4144104.happy.children.jpg. Kim: 3242484.cyber-chick3.jpg; composite, all elments unknown. Knight: 19884228knight.jpg. Looking For: 21031472lookingFor.jpg. Man crawling: 00a.thm.man.crawling.gif. Man and son: 1840568.father.and.son.jpg. Man Hitting computer: 14727973.hitting.computer.jpg. Mind, Idea, lightbulb: 3049773-idea.jpg. Mr. Big: weath031.thb.mr.big.jpg. Mr. Big’s lawn chair: 1943880.lawn.chair.jpg. Ouch: Ouch-22029918.jpgstairs.jpg. Puppet stage: punchnjudy-22091633.gif. School bus: 21071624-schoolBus.jpg. Storyteller to child in bed, g0165059.thb. Sunglasses on kid: 21793429sunglasses.jpg. Sunglasses: 20677551sunglasses.jpg. Sunset (Arizona Magazine): 1116818.sunset.jpg. Teacher in purple jacket; file name unknown. Theater audience: 19016493theaterAudience.jpg. Willamina: wrkwm069.thb.preacher.woman-1.jpg. William on ledge of objectivity: 741289.mr.big.ledge.jpg. Woman storyteller: g0165059.thb.storytelling.jpg. Yin-yang-3074759.jpg.

103. Resources, cont. Graphics, photos, from sources other than Clipart.com: 4Ts lady: source unknown. Brad Pitt photo: int001y.jpg; site unknown. Computer heads, man & woman: source unknown. Cow lips: http://212.43.196.62/pix/pix_tn/CowLips.jpghttp://212.43.196.62/pix/pix_tn/CowLips.jpg Crazy man: crazy.jpg; source unknown. Edwina Tech: basic-info-librarians.gif; origin unknown. Fourth R on easel - citation lost. Hannah, with permission from parents. Oil can man: source unknown. Picture of Don King/Howard Dean on stage before a crowd, from Chris Bischoff (chris@clbischoff.com). Savoonga kids (with permission from parents), 1997. Sticking tongue out (baby)- source unknown. Then What? cover, by Jeri Smith, 2001.

104. Resources, cont. Graphics, photos, from other sources other than Clipart.com: Totem Pole picture by Dodge, Jack and Mary. "picture of Mary at totem pole." Travel: Americas: US: Alaska, Kenai Fjords. June 2004. jackandmaryetc.com. 07 Apr. 2006.. Wearing computer: Proceedings of the IEEE, Vol. 86, No. 11, November, 1998 WearComp as a new framework for Intelligent Signal Processing Steve Mann, 1998 (found at http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://wearcam.org/wearcomp4small.jpg&imgr efurl=http://wearcam.org/hi/&h=1024&w=700&sz=68&tbnid=vX8sgpcVWZtccM:&tbn h=150&tbnw=102&hl=en&start=1&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dwearcomp%26svnum%3D1 0%26hl%3Den%26lr%3D%26safe%3Doff%26sa%3DG).

105. Web sources cited Copyright source info from web 1.Harper, Georgia. "Fair Use Guidelines For Educational Multimedia." Multimedia Fair Use Guideline (CCUMU). University of Texas General Counsel Office. 04 Apr. 2006. 2."Copyright Basics." Copyright Kids!. Copyright Kids. 04 Apr. 2006. 3."Using Modern Language Association (MLA) Format." OWL at Purdue University: Using Modern Language Association (MLA) Format. Online Writing Lab (OWL), Purdue University. 03 Apr. 2006. Other resources Adams, Kenn. The Story Spine. One source for this is: Christenson, Michael. Adapt-a-Map, story map created of an advertisement for Media Literacy class, 2005. Microsoft clipart. Storyboard template: This is version 5 of this presentation. Original file name: dst-V5.ppt. Saved online as dst-master.ppt. Last modified April 22, 2006.