1. Air Coupled Ultrasonic Imaging For Non-Destructive Testing GTL Ultrasonics David Lavery Andrew Ray Mario Malave Preliminary Design Review March 10, 2009

2. Project Overview Current State of the Project Current Needs Ongoing Development Projected Schedule Market Analysis Future Considerations

3. Air Coupled Ultrasonics Non-destructive imaging technique

4. Objectives Develop a working ACU system using a novel transducer material Reduce Cost Increase Efficiency Mobile System

5. A Novel Transducer Material What? Silver coated polymer-foam High Quasi-Static piezoelectric coefficient  25-700 pC/N Low Acoustic Impedance  0.028 MRayl

6. A Novel Transducer Material Why? High frequency transmission to air Increased efficiency Decreased cost

7. Current State of the Project Working ACU unit which receives both ultrasonic and electromagnetic signals System reads electromagnetic signals before ultrasonic

9. Current Needs Material Characterization Electromagnetic Noise Supporting Circuitry Size Housing Design

10. Ongoing Development Transducer Optimization – Extend instability limits – Increase transducer efficiency – Increase piezoelectric coefficient Size Shape

11. Ongoing Development Transducer Optimization

12. Ongoing Development Transducer Characterization – How does the transducer behave in the presence of certain material characteristics – Based on acoustic pressure across transducer

13. Ongoing Development Transducer Characterization http://www.ukessays.com/essays/physics/cardiac-ultrasound- machine.php

14. Ongoing Development Noise Reduction Antenna Logic circuit Separation of signals

15. Antenna Design a copper material which will border the transducer Antenna shape will be determined by the transducer design Electromagnetic energy (noise) is received for removal with a differential amplifier circuit

16. Logic circuit Threshold detection –comparator circuit to detect presence of electromagnetic noise Ensure noise has been removed

17. Separation of signals Instrumentation amplifier that will remove the antenna data from the received signal Bandpass filter the signal to reduce remaining noise Amplify the remaining signal for processing Transducer Signal Processing Input Signal Antenna Signal - Amplifier Bandpass Filter Image Signal Processing (Matlab)

18. Ongoing Development Circuitry Filter Amplifier Logic Circuit

19. Circuitry Use high GBW op amps Broken into functional components

20. Differential Amplifier Eliminates background noise Eliminates electromagnetic noise

21. Differential Amplifier

22. Band Pass Filter Limits signal to ultrasonic frequencies of interest Easily configurable passband

23. Band Pass Filter

24. Output Amplifier Increase gain of final signal Currently set to 40dB gain

25. Filter Frequency Response

26. System Performance

27. Most electromagnetic noise suppressed Signal amplified 40dB above input signal

28. Projected Schedule TaskProgressStartEnd Circuitry DesignIn ProgressFebruary 25thMarch 13th Transducer Characterization In ProgressFebruary 23rdMarch 25th Circuitry FabricationNot yet startedMarch 14thMarch 19th Transducer HousingNot yet startedMarch 14thMarch 22nd Signal AnalysisNot yet startedMarch 26thApril 10th Final System Integration Not yet startedApril 7thApril 12th

29. Market Analysis Frequently used couplants used for transmission – Oil, glycerin, and water – Success with air can open a new market of devices Possible Device Users – Aviation/Aerospace companies; Boeing, Lockheed Martin, NASA NASA Space Shuttle – Currently uses Laser Dynamic Range Imager (LDRI) Only provides superficial data Air Coupled Ultrasonics (ACU) provides information deeper than the surface

30. Updated Parts Cost Table Part DescriptionQuantityUnit PricePrice 2'x2' Printed Circuit Board (PCB)2$3.45$6.90 Operational Amplifiers (Op-amp)10$1.50$15.00 Resistor10$0.90$9.00 Capacitor5$0.95$4.75 BNC Connectors4$5.00$20.00 Custom Machined Aluminum2$30.00$60.00 Cellular Polypropylene Foam (1m)1$15.00 DC Power Supply (400 W)1$100.00 Cable (10 ft BNC)1$20.00 Mounting Hardware Kit1$20.00 Project Total $270.65

31. Cost Analysis 60 Engineering hour for each group member –$50/hr give a cost of $9000 in labor 22.8% profit at a sales price of 2,500 ($571 per unit sold)

32. Future Issues Developing supporting software User interface design