1. Příjemce podpory – škola: Hotelová škola, Obchodní akademie a Střední průmyslová škola Teplice, Benešovo náměstí 1, p.o. Číslo projektu: CZ.1.07/1.5.00/34.0528 Název projektu: ICT ve výuce Číslo a název šablony klíčové aktivity: III/2 - Inovace a zkvalitnění výuky prostřednictvím ICT Název ověřovaného materiálu: Digitální učební materiál pro výuku anglického jazyka VY_32_INOVACE_JAA_211 Ročník: 3. Vzdělávací obor:65 – 42 – M/01 Hotelnictví Předmět: Anglický jazyk Tematická oblast: Gramatika Téma:Expressions of Time Jméno autora:Ing. Zdeněk Brabec Vytvořeno dne:13.10.2012 Metodický popis, (anotace) Výukový materiál slouží k seznámení, procvičování, upevnění znalostí specifického gramatického jevu a komunikativní dovednosti specifické slovní zásoby a frazeologie, doplněný o přiložený pracovní list, který žáci vypracovávají v hodině po shlédnutí prezentace.

2. Expressions of Time

3. Prepositions of Time and Some Other Expressions of Time Prepositions of time provide us with the information when something is happening, how much time it takes or it lasts. We may also find out the information about the past or the future. There is a variety of them used to indicate the time: AT – ON – IN - WITHIN- BY – FOR – SINCE - (FROM – TO) As well as other expressions such as: THIS – NEXT – LAST Or – YESTERDAY - TODAY - TOMORROW in e.g. time clauses we also use the following conjunctions as expressions of time: WHEN – AS SOON AS – BEFORE – AFTER – TILL – UNTIL – WHILE - FOR As you see above, not every expression indicating the time must be a preposition of time. For instance a whole sentence can be used: - When I was a child. – it also indicates a specific time.

4. Prepositions of Time Let‘s have a look at the most common of them: AT – refers to a specific / exactly defined time and many other specific uses: AT - 6 o‘clock / 7:25 a.m. lunchtime midnight / noon sunset / sunrise / dawn / dusk Christmas / Easter night the moment / the same time / at present the weekend / weekends (the UK) the end of

5. Prepositions of Time IN - the morning / afternoon / evening Fortnight April / June / December Spring / summer / autumn (fall) / winter 1998 / the 1960s / the 18the century the 2nd millennia (generally – a period longer than a week) IN - also means after a specific period of time: - in 5 minutes – in two days – in 70 years

6. Some other expressions of time THIS / NEXT / LAST / EVERY The above stated expression refer to a specific time and in most cases we DO NOT USE ANY OTHER PREPOSITION OF TIME We say: This week / month / year Last night / year Next day / Monday Every year / coffee break

7. Prepositions of Time ON - Monday(s) / Friday(s) / Sunday(s) Christmas Day / on my birthday / on their wedding anniversary 1st July / July 1st 19th December 1969

8. Some other expressions of time YESTERDAY / TODAY / TOMORROW The above stated expression refer to a specific day. DURING / FOR / BEFORE / AFTER we use DURING + NOUN (during the concert / dinner) FOR + PERIOD OF TIME (for a year, for three hours) AFTER / BEFORE + Sentence (after you do it, before they leave their house) AFTER / BEFORE + ING (after leaving their house, before coming home, after doing the shopping) AFTER / BEFORE + NOUN (after breakfast, before the war)

9. Some other expressions of time FROM – TO Indicates the beginning and the end of an activity. (I work from 9 to 5. – They stayed here from Sunday to Saturday) UNTIL / TILL / SINCE / FOR we use UNTIL +the end of period (until last Friday / until I finish my exams) – WARNING - the following sentence must not be negative! TILL is similar to until SINCE + the starting moment of the period (I‘ve been here since Monday, She‘s had it since Christmas) FOR + length of the period (For a few days, for the rest of my life)

10. Expressions of time in time clauses. In time clauses we also use the ffollowing conjunctions as expressions of time: WHEN – AS SOON AS – BEFORE – AFTER – TILL – UNTIL – WHILE – FOR When She arrives … As soon as I see you … Before you open the letter … After the students finish their essays … Shop till you drop … I‘ll stay here until you eat it up! While I am in New York City …

11. WORKSHEET Fill in the appropriate preposition of time or expression of time: …… 6 o‘clock,... June, …. Sunday, …... night, …. half past three, …. spring,….. 1988,…… Christmas ….. Friday night,….. the evening, ….. May, ….. the end of June ….. two weeks….. five minutes, ….. the moment, …… the 50s …. This evening, …. today,….. next year, …... the same time They met …………….. the war.She stayed …… five days. She finished cooking just …….. the dinner time. Do the washing up ……… the guests return all dirty plates. …. the moment I am doing my hair, I‘ll be ready …. 10 minutes. He farted and burped …… the diner, how disgusting! Many people did not return home …………… war. She works …………. 9 am ………. 5:30 pm. Do not leave the table ….. you eat it all up! She has known him ……….. they were at school. They have been together ….. two years. Shop …… you drop. There is a rain season …………. December ….. February. It has not rained here …………… March.

12. WORKSHEET Fill in the appropriate preposition of time or expression of time: We must do the house tidy …………. my parents return back from their holiday. They will seize him …………… they spot him. …………… you are in Prague, I will look after your cat. ……… she arrives home, she will find out that a storm had damaged the roof. I will go to bed …………. I check the door is locked. What were you doing ………….. the last weekend? Wait here …………. I get back. He is going away ………….. three weeks. Water the plants, switch off the lights and gas …………. you leave the house. I felt homesick ……………. I moved out of my parents’ house. They did not talk …………… they were having dinner.

13. WORKSHEET Possible solution: At 6 o‘clock, in June, on Sunday, at night, at half past three, in spring, in 1988, at Christmas on Friday night,in the evening, in May, at the end of June, in two weeks, in five minutes, at the moment, in the 50s, --- this evening, --- today, --- next year, at the same time They met during / after / before the war.She stayed for five days. She finished cooking just before / at the dinner time. Do the washing up after the guests return all dirty plates. At the moment I am doing my hair, I‘ll be ready in 10 minutes. He farted and burped during the diner, how disgusting! Many people did not return home after war. She works from 9 am to 5:30 pm. Do not leave the table until you eat it all up! She has known him since they were at school. They have been together for two years. Shop till you drop. There is a rain season from December to February. It has not rained here since March.

14. WORKSHEET Possible solution: We must do the house tidy before my parents return back from holiday. They will seize him as soon as they spot him. While / when you are in Prague, I will look after your cat. When she arrives home, she will find out that a storm had damaged the roof. I will go to bed after I check the door is locked. What were you doing during the last weekend? Wait here till I get back. He is going away for three weeks. Water the plants, switch off the lights and gas before you leave the house. I felt homesick after I moved out of my parents’ house. They did not talk while they were having dinner.

15. REFERENCES AND SOURCES OF MATERIAL: References: MURPHY, Raymond. English grammar in use. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1985, ISBN 05215377622. THOMSON, A.J.; MARTINET, A.V.. A Practical English grammar - fourth edition. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1996, ISBN 0 – 19- 431348 – 4. PROCTER, Paul E. a kol. Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English. England: Longman Group UK Limited, 1992, ISBN 0582842239. SPENCER, David. Gateway B1+. England: Macmillan Publishers Limited, 2011, ISBN 978-0-230-41763-2. SOARS, Liz; SOARS, John. New Headway Intermediate Workbook - the third edition. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2010, ISBN 978-0-19-438754-5. SOARS, Liz; SOARS, John. New Headway Intermediate Workbook. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2010, ISBN 0-19-470225-1. 15