1. MINERALS Chapter 3

2. What is a Mineral? A mineral is a naturally occurring, inorganic solid with a definite structure and composition. Inorganic – not alive, never was alive, and not made by life processes.

3. 5 Characteristics of Minerals 1.All minerals are formed by natural processes. 2.Minerals are inorganic 3.Minerals are all solids 4.Every mineral is an element or compound 5.All minerals have crystals.

4. 3 Ways Minerals Form 1.Cooling of Magma 2. Minerals are dissolved in liquids – and then are left behind when the liquid evaporates. 3. Falling out of a solution (precipitation)

5. Crystal Systems

6. Garnet - cubic Zircon - Tetragonal Quartz - Hexagonal Sulfur - Orthorhombic Gypsum - MonoclinicFeldspar - Triclinic

7. Mineral Identification TestDescription AppearanceObserve - What does it look like? HardnessMohs scale 1-10 (talc is the softest - 1; diamond is hardest – 10) Luster How well does it reflect light? Metallic shiny, non-metallic is dull. ColorDistinct; yellow for sulfur and purple for amethyst StreakColor left on tile CleavageSmooth break like mica FractureRough break like quartz Other TestsSmell, Magnet, Acid Test, Double Refraction

8. Uses of Minerals Gems-rare, beautiful, highly prized minerals Ores-mineral mined for a profit Titanium-Strong, lightweight, nontoxic ore that can be used in airplanes, artificial body parts, sporting equipment, wheelchairs, etc.

9. Other Uses of Minerals