1. Igneous and Sedimentary Rocks

4.  The chemicals in the melted rock material determine the color of the resulting rock.

5.  Extrusive igneous rock form when melted rock material cools on Earth’s surface Form in two ways: - volcanic eruption - fissures on Earth’s crust

6.  Granitic (gra NIH tihk) rock are light color. Extrusive igneous rocks are often granitic. .

7.  Intrusive : igneous rock forms when the melted rock material cools below Earth’s surface.

8.  Intrusive igneous rocks form when huge glob of magma from inside Earth is forced upward toward the surface but never reaches it.

9.  The magma stays underneath the Earth’s surfaces cooling for millions of years.  This allows for minerals in the magma to form crystals. This is why most intrusive igneous rocks have large crystals.

11.  Sedimentary rocks: are a type of rock made from pieces of other rocks, dissolved minerals, or plant and animal matter that collect to form rock layers.  How do you think they form or break apart? - wind, waves, rivers, etc. & then it is deposited to form rock

12.  Examples: Detrital, Chemical, and Organic rocks  All these types of sedimentary rocks can be created from igneous, metamorphic and even more sedimentary rocks.

13.  Detrital Rocks: are a type of sediment.  made out of grains of minerals or other rocks that have moved and been deposited in layers by water, ice, gravity or wind.

14.  Detrital rocks can be identify by the size of the grains that make up the rock.  Shale, siltstone, sandstone and pebbles are all different types of Detrital rocks.

15.  Pebbles mixed with other sediment and create a rock called conglomerates.

16.  Another type of sedimentary rocks are rocks that have formed from evaporation or other chemical process, these are chemical rocks.

17.  Chemical sedimentary rocks form when seawater loaded with dissolved mineral evaporates.  Chemical sedimentary rocks also forms when mineral-rich water from geysers, hot springs, or salty lakes evaporates.  As the water evaporates, layers of the minerals are left behind.

19.  A fossil is the remains or trace of a once-living plant, animal, or microbe.  Fossils are type of limestone that is made up over millions of years from these organisms.  Fossils can be found in all three types of sedimentary rocks – detrital, chemical, and organic.