1. Warm Up 5/1/2013 Teach the Teacher: How many people do you know that have cancer? Teach the Teacher: How many people do you know that have cancer? Review: How can environmental factors change your inherited traits? Review: How can environmental factors change your inherited traits? Learning Targets: Compare Mitosis vs. Meiosis and Learning Targets: Compare Mitosis vs. Meiosis and List the stages of Mitosis and Meiosis List the stages of Mitosis and Meiosis

2. Cell Cycle Cells reproduce by a process of growing and dividing=cell cycle Cells reproduce by a process of growing and dividing=cell cycle Once it reaches its size limit it has to either: Once it reaches its size limit it has to either: 1. stop growing 1. stop growing 2. divide 2. divide

3. Mitosis & Meiosis Mitosis animation: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2WwIKdyBN_s&feature=related http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2WwIKdyBN_s&feature=related

4. Mitosis: If a cell wants to make a duplicate of itself, it first must copy its DNA. If a cell wants to make a duplicate of itself, it first must copy its DNA. The copies then must be separated & sorted into two sides of the cell. The copies then must be separated & sorted into two sides of the cell. The cell then splits in two. Part of each parent is carried to the two new cells. The cell then splits in two. Part of each parent is carried to the two new cells. Results in cells such as internal organs, skin, bones, blood, etc. Results in cells such as internal organs, skin, bones, blood, etc.

5. Meiosis: As in mitosis, if a cell wants to make a duplicate of itself, it first must copy its DNA (part of a chromosome). As in mitosis, if a cell wants to make a duplicate of itself, it first must copy its DNA (part of a chromosome). Results in reproductive cells (sperm, eggs, etc). Results in reproductive cells (sperm, eggs, etc). Part of each parent is carried to the four new cells. Part of each parent is carried to the four new cells.

6. More Meiosis Meiosis has evolved to solve a problem: organisms must change to adapt to environmental conditions Meiosis has evolved to solve a problem: organisms must change to adapt to environmental conditions The solution: some organisms have sex with other organisms – that is, they combine their genes together (creating genetic diversity). The solution: some organisms have sex with other organisms – that is, they combine their genes together (creating genetic diversity).

7. This may help you remember these terms: MITosis takes the cell and Makes It Two (diploid) MITosis takes the cell and Makes It Two (diploid) Meiosis has to do with sex Meiosis has to do with sex From the cell’s point of view: From the cell’s point of view: mITosis results in Identical Twins mITosis results in Identical Twins mEioSis results in Egg and Sperm (haploid) mEioSis results in Egg and Sperm (haploid) Clyde Freeman Herreid – Dept. of Biological Sciences: Buffalo State Univ. of New York

8. Mitosis: Meiosis: Each resulting cell still has chromosomes from mom & dad

9. Mitosis Mitosis animations: Mitosis animations: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2WwIKdyBN_s&feature=related http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2WwIKdyBN_s&feature=related http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2WwIKdyBN_s&feature=related http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VlN7K1-9QB0 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VlN7K1-9QB0 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VlN7K1-9QB0

10. After Mitosis: Cytokinesis The actual splitting of the daughter cells into two separate cells is called cytokinesis and occurs differently in both plant and animal Cells. Beginning of cytokinesis in a plant: Beginning of cytokinesis in an animal: http://www.bioweb.uncc.edu/1110Lab/notes/notes1/lab6.htm

11. Interphase Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Cytokinesis IPMATC I Poop More Apples Then Chocolate Julie Camp’s mitosis power point - http://sciencespot.net/Pages/classbio.html#Anchor-mitosis

12. Meiosis Meiosis animation: Meiosis animation: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D1_-mQS_FZ0&NR=1

13. Vocabulary Diploid=having two copies of each chromosome Diploid=having two copies of each chromosome Haploid= half the number of chromosomes Haploid= half the number of chromosomes Somatic cell=any cell besides a sex cell Somatic cell=any cell besides a sex cell Cytokinesis= when a cell splits (cytoplasm cuts) Cytokinesis= when a cell splits (cytoplasm cuts)

15. Yvonne Norman G410 (Life Sciences for Middle School Educators) Senior – Portland State University February 2009

16. Warm-UP 5/1/2013 Teach the Teacher: Describe your favorite elementary school teacher. Teach the Teacher: Describe your favorite elementary school teacher. Describe Abraham Lincoln. Describe Abraham Lincoln. Review: What words can you remember that go with mitosis and meiosis? Review: What words can you remember that go with mitosis and meiosis? Learning Targets: When and why does a cell divide. Learning Targets: When and why does a cell divide.

17. Cellular Growth 1) Concept One: Cells grow until they reach their 1) Concept One: Cells grow until they reach their size limit, then they either stop growing or divide. size limit, then they either stop growing or divide. * Large cells DO NOT Function Properly * Large cells DO NOT Function Properly (Because of this Cells must remain small) (Because of this Cells must remain small) Concept Two: Everything must be copied before Concept Two: Everything must be copied before any division occurs. any division occurs.

18. Surface Area to Volume Ratio Surface area: area on the outside of cell covered by PM Surface area: area on the outside of cell covered by PM Volume: The space taken up within the cell Volume: The space taken up within the cell Ratio: an expression that compares quantities Ratio: an expression that compares quantities

19. Surface Area to Volume Ratio Smaller ratio indicates a cell will have trouble supplying nutrients or expelling wastes (3:2) Smaller ratio indicates a cell will have trouble supplying nutrients or expelling wastes (3:2) Higher surface area to volume of smaller cells=easier life (6:1) Higher surface area to volume of smaller cells=easier life (6:1) Think about Diffusion and motor proteins Think about Diffusion and motor proteins Small cells=more efficient transport systems Small cells=more efficient transport systems

20. Thus=Cell Cycle Cell cycle: processes in which a cell grow and divide Cell cycle: processes in which a cell grow and divide Why: Why: 1. prevents a cell from becoming too large 1. prevents a cell from becoming too large 2. the way a cell reproduces 2. the way a cell reproduces Allows growth of organisms and healing injuries Allows growth of organisms and healing injuries

21. Cell Cycle Stages Three main stages of the cell cycle Three main stages of the cell cycle 1) Interphase - Stage of cellular 1) Interphase - Stage of cellular growth and DNA replication 2) Mitosis - Stage when the nucleus 2) Mitosis - Stage when the nucleus and the nuclear material (DNA) divide

22. Cell Cycle Stages 3) Cytokinesis - Stage where the 3) Cytokinesis - Stage where the cytoplasm divides Duration is dependent on the type of cell Duration is dependent on the type of cell Normal animal cells can go through a Normal animal cells can go through a complete cycle in 12-24 hours

23. Interphase During interphase the cell grows, develops into a mature, functioning cell During interphase the cell grows, develops into a mature, functioning cell Three Stages Three Stages 1) G1 - Period of cell growth, carrying out normal functions, prepares to replicate DNA 1) G1 - Period of cell growth, carrying out normal functions, prepares to replicate DNA Some cells stop at this point (Muscle) Some cells stop at this point (Muscle) 2) S - Period where cell will replicate the DNA 2) S - Period where cell will replicate the DNA

24. Interphase Chromosomes - Structures that contain the genetic material that is passed from generation to generations Chromosomes - Structures that contain the genetic material that is passed from generation to generations Chromatin - Relaxed form of DNA Chromatin - Relaxed form of DNA 3) G3 - Where the cell takes inventory and makes sure it is ready for mitosis, creating proteins needed for division 3) G3 - Where the cell takes inventory and makes sure it is ready for mitosis, creating proteins needed for division

25. Interphase occurs just before Mitosis begins: DNA is replicated along with organelles and other cellular components and the cell prepares for division. http://www.bioweb.uncc.edu/1110Lab/notes/notes1/lab6.htm

26. Mitosis Interphase Animal cell Plant cell Photographs from: http://www.bioweb.uncc.edu/biol1110/Stages.htm

27. 1 st step in Mitosis: Prophase (preparation phase) http://www.bioweb.uncc.edu/1110Lab/notes/notes1/lab6.htm The DNA recoils, and the chromosomes condense; the nuclear membrane disappears, and the mitotic spindles begin to form.

28. Mitosis Prophase Photographs from: http://www.bioweb.uncc.edu/biol1110/Stages.htm Animal cell Plant cell

29. 2 nd step in Mitosis: metaphase (organizational phase) The chromosomes line up the middle of the cell with the help of spindle fibers attached to the centromere of each replicated chromosome. The chromosomes line up the middle of the cell with the help of spindle fibers attached to the centromere of each replicated chromosome. http://www.bioweb.uncc.edu/1110Lab/notes/notes1/lab6.htm

30. Mitosis Metaphase Animal cell Plant cell Photographs from: http://www.bioweb.uncc.edu/biol1110/Stages.htm

31. 3 rd step in Mitosis: Anaphase (separation phase) The chromosomes split in the middle and the sister chromatids are pulled by the spindle fibers to opposite poles of the cell. The chromosomes split in the middle and the sister chromatids are pulled by the spindle fibers to opposite poles of the cell. http://www.bioweb.uncc.edu/1110Lab/notes/notes1/lab6.htm

32. Mitosis Anaphase Animal cell Plant cell Plant cell Photographs from: http://www.bioweb.uncc.edu/biol1110/Stages.htm

33. 4 th step in Mitosis: Telophase The chromosomes, along with the cytoplasm and its organelles and membranes are divided into 2 portions. This diagram shows the end of telophase. The chromosomes, along with the cytoplasm and its organelles and membranes are divided into 2 portions. This diagram shows the end of telophase. http://www.bioweb.uncc.edu/1110Lab/notes/notes1/lab6.htm

34. Mitosis Telophase Animal cell (cytokinesis) Plant cell (cytokinesis) Photographs from: http://www.bioweb.uncc.edu/biol1110/Stages.htm

35. Mitosis Interphase Animal cell Plant cell Photographs from: http://www.bioweb.uncc.edu/biol1110/Stages.htm

36. Mitosis Flip Book Google: Benettonplay flip book Google: Benettonplay flip book Book with different stages: pg. 249 Book with different stages: pg. 249 18 slides total (6 steps in book with at least 2 pgs getting to the next step) 18 slides total (6 steps in book with at least 2 pgs getting to the next step) First pictures of stages must be labeled! First pictures of stages must be labeled!

37. Warm-up 5/1/2013 Teach the Teacher: What are the top 5 things you hope to accomplish over the summer? Teach the Teacher: What are the top 5 things you hope to accomplish over the summer? Review: What are two differences between mitosis and meiosis? Review: What are two differences between mitosis and meiosis? Learning Targets: Compare and Contrast mitosis and meiosis Learning Targets: Compare and Contrast mitosis and meiosis

38. Cancer Research Google CDC cancer Google CDC cancer Scroll part way down and in the center is “Types of Cancer” and pick 4 from the list Scroll part way down and in the center is “Types of Cancer” and pick 4 from the list For each type of cancer click on basic information on the right hand side For each type of cancer click on basic information on the right hand side On your 3x5 (one disease for each side) write the cancer, a stat about it, and 3 things you can do to prevent the disease On your 3x5 (one disease for each side) write the cancer, a stat about it, and 3 things you can do to prevent the disease

39. 3x5 Card: CDC cancer Type of Cancer: Type of Cancer: Stat: Stat: 3 prevention steps: 3 prevention steps:

40. Warm-Up 5/11/12 Teach the Teacher: What is your number one played song on your ipod right now? Teach the Teacher: What is your number one played song on your ipod right now? Review: What causes a tumor/cancer? Review: What causes a tumor/cancer? LT: Differences between mitosis and meiosis. LT: Differences between mitosis and meiosis.

41. Cancer Prevention 1. What do you think are the top seven things you can do to prevent cancer? 1. What do you think are the top seven things you can do to prevent cancer? 2. Which ones are you the best at incorporating into your life? 2. Which ones are you the best at incorporating into your life? 3. If you were to do a mandala what would be the seven symbols you would put it in it. 3. If you were to do a mandala what would be the seven symbols you would put it in it.

42. Mitosis vs. Meiosis Trash BBALL Trash BBALL

43. Trash Bball The end result of this is two cells The end result of this is two cells

44. Trash Bball This only happens in gametes (sex cells) This only happens in gametes (sex cells)

45. Trash Bball This goes through cytokinesis twice This goes through cytokinesis twice

46. Trash Bball This results in 4 cells with half the genetic material This results in 4 cells with half the genetic material

47. Trash Bball This happens in the somatic cells This happens in the somatic cells

48. Trash Bball This has only one interphase but goes through prophase twice This has only one interphase but goes through prophase twice

49. Trash Bball When this goes wrong it results in cancer. When this goes wrong it results in cancer.

50. Before Telephase but after Metaphase is what stage of mitosis:___________ Anaphase Anaphase Cytokinesis Cytokinesis

51. When one cell’s cytoplasm divides and then forms two cells Chromotids Chromotids Cytokinesis Cytokinesis

52. The poop in our acronym stands for what? Polyup Polyup Prophase Prophase

53. Half of a chromosome is? Chromotid Chromotid Gamete

54. This is a form of cancer Prostate Prostate Skin Skin