1. -General William Tecumseh Sherman
“The more Indians we can kill this year, the less will have to be killed the next war.”
-General William Tecumseh Sherman

2. Native Americans
Policy toward Native Americans changed over time # the 4 policy changes 1 – 4
Removal – Indian Removal Act, 1830, Pres. Jackson
-move the 5 “civilized” nations to Oklahoma so white settlers could have the good land
-”Trail of Tears”
Reservations – 1850’s (p. 438)
-white settlers wanted western lands
-break up power of Plains Indians & open up their land for settlement

3. Assimilation (p. 442) -becoming similar to the people around you
-reformers believed they would be better off if they abandoned their culture and adopted the culture of white America
-established the Bureau of Indian Affairs
forced kids to go to school
-boys had to cut their hair
-wear American clothing vs skins & blankets
-speak English
-no face paint
-discouraged from practicing their own culture

4. They promised to take our land, and they took it.”
“They made us many promises, more than I can remember, but they never kept but one.
They promised to take our land, and they took it.”
-Red Cloud

5. Dawes Act (p. 443)
-Americanize the Native Americans
-broke up reservations & turned Native Americans into individual property owners
-Not successful since the best land was sold off and the poor land given to the Native Americans

6. “What treaty that the whites have kept has the red man broken? Not one.
What treaty that the white man ever made with us have they kept? Not one.”
-Sitting Bull

7. Resistance Indian Wars
Sand Creek Massacre p. 440 – do yourself
“Long Walk”
-Navajos from AZ, NM, UT and CO were forced to relocate to Fort Sumner at Bosque Redondo, NM
-1st reservation west of OK
-After 4+ years, they were allowed to return to their native lands along the NM-AZ border
-Today, the Navajo Nation is the largest Native American community in the US

8. finish the summaries about Native American resistance
homework
finish the summaries about Native American resistance

9. Welcome back! I hope you had a good week off.
You may continue to complete work from the 1st 9 weeks if you need to. It will not change your report card grade but it will increase your % so that when grades are averaged you will be in better shape.
Remember that your semester grade is what goes on your transcript and counts towards your overall GPA. For this class, your semester grade will be calculated like this:
1st 9 weeks = 40%
2nd 9 weeks = 40%
District essay final exam = 10%
District multiple choice exam = 10%

10. Read the 2 paragraphs under the heading “Major Western Trails” p. 297
Warm up 10/15/12 -this starts a new notebook grade so begin on a new page
Read the 2 paragraphs under the heading “Major Western Trails” p. 297
Read about 1 of the 3 trails. Write down 4 facts.

11. Take out your pink packet
1st page should be complete.
Back of page 3 should be complete
We are completing front of page 2 today
In the margin of page 2, write “Manifest Destiny”
Read p. 297 and explain what it means

12. Mountain Men Sense of adventure; rugged individuals
Lived by hunting and fur trading
Provided information about the West for future settlement
link between whites and Native Americans
Arizona Connection:
Bill Williams – Williams, AZ
Pauline Weaver – Weaver’s Needle in the Superstitions

13. Mormons Church founded in 1830 in NY by Joseph Smith
Persecuted by religious and political groups
Smith & followers moved to OH and then IL
Began “trek” to West in 1846 led by Brigham Young
Arrived in Salt Lake valley in 1847 – it was Mexican territory at the time
Arizona Connection:
Mesa established in 1877 as a Mormon settlement

14. Miners
California Gold Rush – 1849
Other Gold Rushes followed
Silver and copper also discovered
the miners moved west east as lodes ran out or new ones were discovered
Arizona Connection:
Tombstone, Bisbee, Globe, Jerome and many other towns began as mining settlements

15. Warm up 10/16/12 Read p. 460 “Tentacles of Steel”
Using complete sentences, answer these 2 questions:
Why did the government begin to regulate
the railroads?
Why was the Southern Pacific Railroad
thought of as an octopus?

16. Railroad
Write 3 facts from the video in the margin of the “Railroad” page

17. Railroads (map. 462) America’s first BIG business
Transcontinental Railroad completed in 1869 at Promontory Point Summit, Utah
huge growth in western railroads
Immigrants provided labor force
Federal government gave companies land for each mile of track laid
And in Exchange…
Railroads agreed to transport mail and soldiers at reduced rates

18. Effects of railroad construction
Faster & Easier to get across the country
encouraged people to move onto the Great Plains
Construction provided jobs for immigrants, especially Chinese and Irish
Boosted US economy
Physically united America
Loss of buffalo severely hurt the Native Americans (the buffalo was their Super Wal-Mart)

19. Construction made possible by:
Favorable terrain (except for those Rocky mountains!)
Land grants from the Federal Govt
Large number of immigrants looking for work
(especially Chinese & Irish)

20. Transcontinental Railroad
Central Pacific
California
Chinese Workers
Union Pacific
Irish Workers

21. One Effect of the Railroad
Summary activity: In your notebook, under today’s warm up, write a 6 sentence paragraph with the following line as your topic sentence:
“The railroads changed the American West in positive and negative ways.”
Homework if you do not finish

22. warm up 10/17/12 List the 3 M’s that traveled west
List one benefit of the railroads.

23. Ranchers Demand for beef skyrocketed after Civil War
Texas provided grassland good for ranching (Texas Longhorns)
Problem was getting cattle to market
Problem solved when railroads reached Kansas
“Long Drive” – huge herds moved from Texas to Kansas along cattle trails:
Goodnight – Loving, Chisholm, and other trails
“Myth of the cowboy” – independent, rugged life glamorized and became the subject of many films and TV shows (Western)
End of the Long Drive caused by:
Drought and blizzards,
Barbed Wire invented by Joseph Glidden
Railroad extended into Texas

24. hw read p. 303 – 307 answer questions 2 – 4 in complete sentences
Do work in your notebook

25. From her journal…
“Rose about five. Had early breakfast. Got my house work done about nine. Baked 6 loaves of bread. Made a kettle of mush and have now suet pudding and beef boiling…I have managed to put my clothes away and set my house in order. may the merciful be with me through the unexpected scene. Nine o’clock p.m. was delivered of another son.”

26. Marilla R. Washburn Bailey
From an interview with her at age 87
“I was married at 15, and was not a good cook and housekeeper, but I knew how to take care of babies, from having cared for my brothers and sisters. I had ten babies of my own and never had any help…I could paddle my own canoe or handle a rowboat as well as an Indian…When my husband was away, I could hunt for the meat on which we lived, for I could handle a revolver or rifle as well as most men. I have shot bears, deer, and all sorts of smaller game. In fact, I became so expert with a revolver that at 50 or 100 feet I could beat most men.”

27. Farmers (a.k.a.Homesteaders)
*Homestead Act of 1862
*160 acres of land for free
*If a settler would:
Live on the land for 5 years and cultivate the land
Improve the land
Build a house (12’x14’), with a window and door
Effect of the Homestead Act…
By 1900, 400,000 homesteaders had acquired farms
Exodusters – African American farmers who moved west in hope of gaining free land

28. map of plains states

29. Problems faced by settlers on the plains:
Difficult climate: Hot, dry summers; cold, severe winters; sudden, severe storms (hail, tornados)
Few trees
Houses and fences difficult to build – sod for houses and wire for fences
Fuel – burned “buffalo chips” for heating and cooking
Root-filled soil
Few streams for transportation/ irrigation
Getting crops to markets in Eastern cities
Many farmers did not succeed in homesteading

30. Mary Richardson Walker
Missionary wife who moved in the 1830s to a farm near Spokane, Washington
Her work day averaged 16 hours. She was responsible for washing, ironing, sewing [she made all the family’s clothes, including shoes], baking, making, soap and cheese, churning butter, dipping candles, weaving carpets, and salting and smoking meats.

31. New technology helped farmers
Windmill
Steel plow (John Deere)
Barbed wire (Joseph Glidden)
Reaping machine (Cyrus McCormick)
Railroads
Of these 5 inventions, which do you think was most important for the farmer? Why?

32. warm up 10/26
write 5 questions about the main ideas in Mr. West’s notes from Monday 10/22/12.
turn notebook in

33. warm up 10/30/12
See the chart on p Which of the 3 causes of the War of 1812 do you think most motivated Congress to declare war on GB? Why?

34. Impact of European-American expansion on native peoples.
Under Pres. Jefferson’s policy, Native Americans could become farmers & join white society or move west of the Mississippi River
Many gave up long-held tribal land and moved west
British tried to rebuild their alliances with Native Americans and use them against the US during the War of 1812
Tecumseh & his brother “the Prophet” tried unsuccessfully to unite the Indian tribes
In the margin, which choice would you have made? Why?

35. War of US vs GB
CAUSES
US trade ships got caught in the middle of the conflict between GB and France, hurt US economy
US ships were fired on by the British when US sailors resisted impressment
GB encouraged Native American rebellion along the frontier
US wanted to show that it was strong enough to not be pushed around
EFFECTS – gained respect of GB and France
- national pride grew
- Native American resistance declined
In the margin, which effect do you think matters
the most?
In the margin, show the conflict US had with GB on the seas

36. warm up 10/31/12
If no borders were changed or land deals made, why is the War of 1812 considered a victory for the US over GB?
If you were gone yesterday, get the notes & warm up from the bucket or your neighbor.

38. All of the different groups of people adventuring westward and the war of 1812 helped the country grow.
Let’s look at 5 different regions that became part of the United States thanks to westward expansion.
stack your 3 pieces of paper so that there is about 1 inch of each piece showing
fold the papers down so that now there are 6 tabs, fold your paper in half lengthwise
Cut in ½ and share with your neighbor

39. Gadsden Purchase reading Alaska p. 552
On the top square, write … “America grew as a nation during the time of westward expansion”
write the following on each edge
Northwest Territory p. 149
Oregon Country p. 300
Mexican Cession p
Gadsden Purchase reading
Alaska p. 552

40. Due Thurs. For each area, you must include the following information:
map for location
date acquired by the US
name of country the land was obtained from
how the US got the land: purchase, treaty following war, treaty
Due Thurs.
Just lift up the flap, use your text to complete the
information on the next slide.
Add color to earn extra points.
For Gadsden purchase, read the card of
information, draw map & take notes on the event.

41. when did it start getting settled?
map of area
how did we get this land?
when did it start getting settled?
Land Ordinance –
Northwest Ordinance –
map of area
how & when did we get this land?
What did Polk say he wanted?
what did Polk actually get?
who did we get it from?
p. 149
p. 300
Info for under 4 of
the flaps.
map of area
how did we get this land?
name of treaty
when did it start getting settled?
how much did it cost?
What states did it become?
map of area
how & when did we get this land?
how much did it cost?
why did Seward want it?
what ended up being a benefit of adding it to the US? p
p. 552

42. warm up 11/1/12 write the area acquired and the country we got it from
Oregon –
Northwest Territory –
Mexican Cession –
Gadsden Purchase –
Alaska –

43. Thursday 11/1 work
Finish flip notes from Weds & tape, staple or glue into notebook
HW – complete the matching worksheet & put into notebook

44. Friday 11/2/12
Define assimilation
Define manifest destiny

45. cause and effect wkst – 15 pts
1 pt each correct answer
5 pts complete cause, event, result
vocab matching 1 pt each correct answer
28/2 = 14 pts max possible; round up if it is in the notebook, round down if it is loose
presidents during the early 1800s notes

46. 11/7/12 warm up
quiz for westward expansion – write the answers in your notebook
______________ Doctrine told European countries to stay out of the Western Hemisphere.
Pres. _________ arranged the Louisiana Purchase.
__________ was purchased from Russia
__________ was annexed.
__________ was added after Mexico allowed Americans to settle there.
__________ was added after a treaty with G.B.
______________ - added to provide a southern railroad route
Spain gave the US ___________
Mexican Cession occurred after a _________.

47. answers 1. monroe doctrine 2. jefferson 3. alaska 4. hawaii 5. texas
6. oregon
7. Gadsen Purchase
8. Florida
9. War

48. England’s Industrial Revolution Affects the United States (put this title on the top square)
Read p. 251, explain Samuel Slater’s role in starting the American Industrial Revolution. How did he get to the US, what did he bring, what did he do when he arrived?
Write this information on the front flap of your note packet under the title

49. 5 tabs on note packet Factory system urbanization transportation
inventions
summary

50. Factory system p. 252 - 253 Textiles – Lowell, Mass – Lowell girls -
refers to products used to make material
which is then used to make clothing,
carpet, etc.
Textiles –
Lowell, Mass –
Lowell girls -
40 mills with 10,000 looms
center of textile industry
all aspects of textile production occurred in 1 factory
most of the factory workers were young women
came from local farms
good money but long hours
lived in boardinghouses owned by the factories

51. Urbanization p. 253
stats -
north evolved from…

52. Transportation p. 253 - 255 Canals – Erie Canal connected Great Lakes
Steamboats –
Railroads –
Erie Canal connected Great Lakes
to Atlantic Ocean
cheaper and faster than using wagons
manufactured goods went West and farm goods went East
Fulton – steam engine in boats
very popular along the Mississippi & Ohio Rivers
Mark Twain??
1830 – 23 miles of railroad track in US
1840 – 3000 miles of track
replaced canals as the best method
of transporting people and goods

53. inventions telegraph – p. 255 cotton gin – p. 257
interchangeable parts – allowed for mass production on assembly lines
examples: muskets
clocks
production machines w/guages to insure that all parts are exactly the same
Samuel Morse, sent messages using electricity,
messages delivered immediately, quickly adopted
by railroads and newspapers
-separated seeds out of the cotton so that cotton was worth growing
invented by Eli Whitney
made large-scale production of cotton possible
-increased the need for slave labor
-”King Cotton”

54. summary (closure for today’s lesson)
top ½ of paper, write a paragraph about what you see as transportation needs for the area you live in. What would you like to see, what would make your life easier?
bottom ½ of the paper, complete these 3 summary activities
list 2 inventions
list 2 transportation improvements
explain urbanization

55. Name one way America acquired new land.
Westward quiz
Name one way America acquired new land.
Name one country the US got new land from.
What is manifest destiny?
Who were Lewis, Clark and Pike?
Why is the moving of Native Americans westward often called a “Trail of Tears”?