1. The Cold War Continues: Korea, Eisenhower’s Foreign Policy, & the Cuban Missile Crisis US History: Spiconardi

2. War in Korea The 38 th Parallel After World War II Korea was divided into North & South Korea due to Japanese invasion North Korea – Communist & Industrialized South Korea – Non-communist rural

3. War in Korea Standoff at the 38 th Parallel In 1950 North Korea attacks South Korea Within days, North Korea was deep into South Korean territory. USA sees this as act of aggression South Korea goes to United Nations UN Security council votes to help South Korea  US, Britain, Canada and 12 other nations join to stop invasion North Korea supported by China and U.S.S.R.

4. War in Korea : The See-Saw War

6. Truman vs. MacArthur Truman appointed WII Pacific front hero Gen. McArthur commander in Korea Disagree over military strategies & objectives McArthur publicly criticizes Truman Truman fires McArthur

8. War in Korea Aftermath and Legacy First time UN gets involved in international crisis US would not only use economic aid in policy of containment, but take military action to contain communism North Korea Communist dictatorship under Kim Il Sung and then his son Kim Jong Il Development of nuclear weapons

9. Eisenhower’s Policies Massive Retaliation Eisenhower worried spending too much on the military would bankrupt the government, but didn’t want to look weak to the Soviets Decides to focus military spending on nuclear weapons Massive Retaliation Massive Retaliation  US would use nuclear weapons to stop aggression of USSR & China Eisenhower: “simply means the ability to blow the hell out of them in a hurry if they start anything.”  Deterrence  belief massive retaliation would deter USSR from hostile behavior

10. Eisenhower’s Policies Brinkmanship Brinkmanship  US would not back down from any threat even if it meant going to the brink of war Domino Theory Domino Theory  small weak nations neighboring communist countries would fall to communism like a row of dominoes SEATO  Treaty among USA, Great Britain, Australia, New Zealand, Pakistan, Thailand, & Philippines to protect against communist aggression

11. Eisenhower's Policies: Middle East Iran Prime minister of Iran moves to nationalize oil industry US, via the CIA, overthrows prime minister and restores the shah to secure America’s oil supply The Eisenhower Doctrine The Eisenhower Doctrine  US pledged to help any Middle Eastern nation resisting communist aggression In 1958 Lebanon and Jordan ask for help; both US and GB send troops to restore order

12. Sputnik In 1957, Soviets launch a satellite into space, Sputnik, and fire the first intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM) US enters the “space race” US rushed to get their own satellites into space and developed the NASA program

13. Military-Industrial Complex Upon reflecting about leaving office, Eisenhower issued a warning to America “This conjunction of an immense military establishment and a large arms industry is new in the American experience…[the influence of the military- industrial complex could threaten the nation’s] democratic process.”

14. Kennedy & Latin America JFK proposed sending $20 billion in aid to Latin America repressive Problem is the money went to anti-communist repressive governments Bay of Pigs Invasion CIA trains Cuban exiles to invade Cuba & overthrow Fidel Castro INVASION FAILED Embarrassed JFK and US Castro knew of invasion

15. Cuban Missile Crisis USSR places ICBM in Cuba pointed towards US US finds out and Kennedy issues naval blockade of Cuba Blockade  prevent supplies from getting to an opposing force Despite having missiles in Turkey pointed at Moscow, JFK demands Khrushchev remove missiles from Cuba At the deadline Khrushchev agrees as long as US leaves Cuba alone & takes down missiles in Turkey

16. Cuban Missile Crisis