1. Suncoast Consulting Services Aviation Safety Program Water Survival The “Soft” Topics Presented By: Craig Hoskins

2. Suncoast Consulting Services Presentation Outline l I. Introduction l II. Stress Management in Aviation A. Performance vs Demand B. Controlling Stress in Ditching l III. Crew Resource Management Intro A. Concepts B. Video Case Study l IV. Conclusion

3. Suncoast Consulting Services Stress “Nonspecific response of the body to any demand placed upon it”

4. Suncoast Consulting Services Theories and Concepts l 80% of all modern disease has its origin in what has come to be called stress. l Its the wear and tear caused by life. l Types

5. Suncoast Consulting Services Causes of Stress l Changing Lifestyles l Changing Professions l Changing Locations l Decision Stress l Noise l “I Can Do It All”

6. Suncoast Consulting Services Stress Reaction l (GAS) l Alarm “Fight or Flight” l Resistance l Exhaustion

7. Suncoast Consulting Services Physical Change Examples l Rapid Pulse l Increased Perspiration l Pounding Heart l Tightening Stomach l Tensing Muscles in Arms and Legs l Shortness of Breath l Gritting of Teeth l Clenching of the Jaw l Stomach Pain l Head ache l High Blood Pressure

8. Suncoast Consulting Services Mental Stress

9. Suncoast Consulting Services Indicators l Working Obsessively l Difficulty Making Decisions l Excessive Eating, Drinking, or Smoking l Excessive Worry (Trivia) l Accident-Prone l Propensity for Error l Self-medication l Mistrust l Anxious l Forgetfulness

10. Suncoast Consulting Services Managing Stress l Task Underload vs Task Overload l Exercise l Balanced Diet l Progressive Relaxation/ Meditation l Time Management l Abdominal Breathing l Power Naps l Vacation l Self-Improvement l Quality Family Time l Flight Physical

11. Suncoast Consulting Services Demand versus Ability Time %Demand 100% Ability T/OLanding

12. Suncoast Consulting Services Demand versus Ability Time %Demand 100% Ability

13. Suncoast Consulting Services Demand versus Ability Time %Demand 100% T/OLanding

14. Suncoast Consulting Services Demand versus Ability Time %Demand 100% T/OLanding

15. Suncoast Consulting Services Transition l Questions l Tools to assist in controlling stress in a demanding situations -Landing -Ditching

16. Suncoast Consulting Services Crew Resource Management l The empowerment of all crewmembers to promote safety and increase overall aircrew performance. l Effectively manage all available resources both inside and outside of the aircraft.

17. Suncoast Consulting Services Classes of U.S. Aviation l Military l Airlines l “Everybody Else” Helicopter pilots Corporate Government/ Non-military Recreational

18. Suncoast Consulting Services Help or Hindrance? l Instruments (Flight, Eng, Nav) l Lights (Colored) l Horns (Gear, Low Nr, Altitude, etc) l Voices (TCAS, GPWS)

19. Suncoast Consulting Services Principles of CRM l Situational Awareness l Communications l Assertive Behavior l Risk Management

20. Suncoast Consulting Services Elements of Situational Awareness l Spatial Orientation/Attitude l Orientation to traffic, geography & time l Aircraft status & capabilities l Pilot status l Flight profile

21. Suncoast Consulting Services Causal Factors of Lost Situational Awareness l Mode confusion l Automation complacency l Stress l Stimulus Fixation

22. Suncoast Consulting Services Indicators of Lost Situational Awareness l Not communicating l Deviating from stds l Violating Minimums l Confusion l Preoccupation l Failure to meet targets l Not addressing discreps

23. Suncoast Consulting Services Communication l Within the aircraft l External to aircraft l Sending a message l Receiving a message

24. Suncoast Consulting Services Assertiveness l Aggressiveness l Conflict Internal External l Resolution

25. Suncoast Consulting Services Human Performance Variables l Manipulative Skills l Information Acquisition l Information Processing l Decision Processes l Input Processes l Operating in Emergencies

26. Suncoast Consulting Services Performance Factors l Skill Levels and Skill Maintenance l Cost l Human Performance in GA l Human Factors in GA Systems Design l GA Pilot Tasks

27. Suncoast Consulting Services Primary Flight Tasks l Instrument Flying l Controls Aileron-Elevator-Rudder-Throttle l Displays Visual w/ Ground

28. Suncoast Consulting Services Risk Management l Integrate Risk Management throughout: Pre-flight, In-flight, Post-flight l Accept no unnecessary risk l Make risk decisions at the proper time l Accept risk if benefits outweigh the costs

29. Suncoast Consulting Services Roadblocks to Effective CRM l Chain of Errors l Hidden Agendas l Odd Crewmember Out l Strength of an Idea l Excessive Professional Courtesy l Norms l Hazardous Attitudes l Automation Complacency

30. Suncoast Consulting Services Tools l Synergy l I’m Safe l Two Challenge Rule l Establish Limits l Sterile Cockpit l I - Illness l M - Medication l S - Stress l A - Alcohol l F - Fatigue l E - Eating

31. Suncoast Consulting Services Judgment l Good judgment comes from experience. l Good experience comes from someone else’s bad judgment.

32. Suncoast Consulting Services Helicopter Pilot l Hovering is for pilots who love to fly, but have no place to go. l STAY TUNED:-) Video case study

33. Suncoast Consulting Services Conclusion l Get back to the basics of flying l Utilize all resources available to you l Don’t let the aircraft take you someplace your mind didn’t get to 5 minutes earlier. l Learn from the mistakes of others, you won’t live long enough to make them all yourself.