1. Thyroid Cancer From the “Cancer” Group Scott “Superstar” Lydon Jenny “Jackhammer” Bogios Kristine “Kryptonite” Sexton

2. Introduction The Thyroid – One of the largest endocrine glands – Controls how the body uses energy – Makes proteins – Controls body’s sensitivity to hormones

3. Causes There is no clear consensus on the cause Mutations occur in thyroid cells – Cells grow and multiply rapidly These cells lose the ability to die – Form into a tumor

4. Environmental Factors Known environmental factors related to thyroid cancer – Radioactive fallout from power plant accidents – Radioactive fallout from nuclear weapons plants – Radioactive fallout from weapons testing – High dose medical x- rays

5. The Data CountyFIPS88_Pop_Risk88_Cases_Tot88_Male88_Fem Alameda County60011251091481038 Alpine County600318856*0* Amador County600518856*0* Butte County6007171938*** Calaveras County600918856*0* Colusa County601128830*0* Contra Costa County601375923537829 Del Norte County601567553*** El Dorado County6017112714*0* Fresno County601962766830921 Glenn County602128830*0* Humboldt County602367552*** Imperial County6025101903*** Inyo County602713512000 Kern County602951094220** Kings County603194505*0* Lake County603347923000 Lassen County603518467*0* Los Angeles County6037866769137697279 Madera County603981782*** Marin County6041225999*** Mariposa County604358544*** Mendocino County604576491**0 Merced County6047167736*** Modoc County604918467*0* Mono County605113511000 Monterey County605334595115** Napa County6055106144*** Nevada County605773374***

6. Findings So Far Thyroid Cancer is on the rise in California Women consistently present more cases of thyroid cancer then men San Bernardino County60711271173581741 San Diego County60732364298973166 San Francisco County6075730471521735 San Joaquin County607745715020** San Luis Obispo County6079204262*** San Mateo County6081636599411328 Santa Barbara County608335580419316 Santa Clara County608514722451022973 201767318948141 305379333383250 815358882563 674860671651 26697123518 718989802258 407057511635 178464221450164 19882009 1352905671552 24443831133479 72587742931 46686124519 213309*** 64605923** 36571018** 1498134752548 MenWomen 1549427762452 25997761283395 740277511437 506385*** 223371*** 669581331320 38006423** 1549785752154 1989 MenWomen 1993

7. Moving On Will complete the data concerning four ethnicities – Non-Hispanic White – Non-Hispanic Black – Hispanic – Non-Hispanic Asian/Pacific Islander Figure out ratios of population to cases

8. Research on the Correlation between Breast Cancer and Environment in California Jenny Bogios CSU East Bay, Hayward, CA

9. Purpose: To collect data of Breast Cancer cases in California on each Counties level To collect information on the relation between Breast Cancer and Environment.

10. Map

11. Data Data: Data are from 58 counties in California. Most of county has various data collection 92_Pop_Risk93_Pop_Risk94_Pop_Risk95_Pop_Risk96_Pop_Risk97_Pop_Risk98_Pop_Risk 1332208133918913417071346548135909913803831405903 22892233142382724165245142481524973 22892233142382824165245152481424973 190409192831194648196083196327197994199993 22892233142382824165245152481424973 31511371843224032771330083319433333 839759852532861979872075884227903049921663 75169760457604776865770717771377637

12. Breast Cancer and Environment According to Janet Gray, Ph.D,” The Breast Cancer Fund's landmark report summarizes and evaluates the scientific evidence linking exposures to chemicals and radiation in our everyday environments to increased breast cancer risk. It also links the science to actions we can take to reduce the risk.” (State of the Evidence 2010)

13. Materials There are several materials that cover about Breast Cancer information. Most of them are from researches in county level of California. We collected for about 20 materials of breast cancer cases.

14. Sources of Data http://www.cancer-rates.info/ca/index.php

15. L UNG CANCER …”the leading cause of cancer death in the United States. Occupational exposure to certain metals, polycyclic aromatic compounds, and vinyl chloride have been associated with lung cancer. Certain types of air pollution have also been associated with this disease” (California Environmental Health Tracking Program, 2012). By: Scott Lydon Environmental Planning Seminar, Geog 6780 Submitted: May 1, 2012

16. CountyFIPS88_Pop_Risk88_Cases_Tot Alameda County60011251091768 Alpine County60035656849 Amador County6005 Butte County6007171938157 Calaveras County6009 Colusa County6011 Contra Costa County6013759235484 Del Norte County6015 El Dorado County601711271472 Fresno County6019627668320 Glenn County6021 Humboldt County6023135105105 Imperial County602510190372 Inyo County6027 Kern County6029510942314 Kings County603194505 Invasive Cancer Incidence Rates by County in California All Sites 1988-2009 Data

18. Kings County603194505 Lake County6033 Lassen County6035 Los Angeles County6037 Madera County6039 Marin County6041 Mariposa County6043 Mendocino County60457649156 Merced County604716773694 Modoc County6049 Mono County6051 Monterey County6053345951193 Napa County6055106144111 Nevada County60577337456 Orange County605923330911298 Placer County6061153642106 Plumas County6063 Riverside County6065995968751 Sacramento County6067979298633 San Benito County606934365 ~ San Bernardino County60711271173705 San Diego County607323642981433 San Francisco County6075730471533 San Joaquin County6077457150300 San Luis Obispo County6079204262167 San Mateo County6081636599396 Santa Barbara County6083355804206 Santa Clara County6085 Santa Cruz County6087225687128 Shasta County6089136634125 6091 Siskiyou County60935508144 Solano County6095310054173 Sonoma County6097367877251 Stanislaus County6099336062 Data continued

19. CountyFIPS88_Pop_Risk88_Cases_Tot Alameda County60011251091768 Alpine County60035656849 Amador County6005 Butte County6007171938157 Calaveras County6009 Colusa County6011 Contra Costa County6013759235484 Del Norte County6015 El Dorado County601711271472 Fresno County6019627668320 Glenn County6021 Humboldt County6023135105105 Imperial County602510190372 Inyo County6027 Kern County6029510942314 Kings County603194505

20. Invasive Cancer Incidence Rates by County in California All Sites, 1988-2009 CountyPopulation at RiskCasesCrude RateAge-adjusted Rate Mariposa - Tuolumne153050810495685.72516.84 Lake12802088956699.57507.54 Shasta360657620654572.68503.03 El Dorado335800417111509.56502.39 Marin530688430291570.79501.09 Napa268331215639582.82498 Sierra - Yuba14580966264429.6496.8 Del Norte - Humboldt335794516583493.84493.21 Butte442342324976564.63492.08 Colusa - Glenn - Tehama220820411682529.03485.37 San Francisco1681121288124524.2483.49 Placer541858027327504.32476.61 Sonoma959255947659496.83475.62 Sacramento26752196113311423.56474 Contra Costa2021179091465452.53472.75 Alpine - Amador - Calaveras165869110576637.61472.07 Santa Cruz537724822865425.22471.39 San Diego60569431254877420.8471.03 San Luis Obispo528302627042511.87469.48 Solano835284632636390.72468.52 Nevada196354312202621.43467.9 San Mateo1507719071707475.6467.03 Yolo365566513452367.98462.7 Mendocino18508989515514.07461.65 Ventura1617427265195403.08459.58 Santa Barbara857984438149444.64456.96 Kern1450671551731356.6454.14 Riverside34276140146606427.72453.52 Orange60175821233322387.73452.98 Alameda30637347123112401.84452.26

21. Environmental factors associated with cancersDescription and potential sources Arsenic A metal available to humans through industrial processes and mining Exposure most commonly occurs through contaminated water, foods, or medications Benzene Exposure most commonly occurs through breathing contaminated air; gases from products (i.e. glues, paints, wax); or working in industries that make or use benzene DDT Exposure most commonly occurs through eating contaminated foods, breathing contaminated air, or drinking contaminated water near landfills and waste sites Dioxin A chemical byproduct of incineration and chemical manufacturing Exposure most commonly occurs through eating contaminated foods, living near contaminated sites; or working in paper mills, incinerators, or occupations that produce dioxins as a byproduct Ionizing radiation Energy in the form of particles or rays that is emitted from radioactive material, high-voltage equipment, and nuclear reactions Metallic compounds A group of chemical compounds that are metals, including lead, tungsten, and mercury through eating fish, from lead paint in older buildings, or through contaminated water passing through aging pipes Nitrates A group of nitrogen compounds; the greatest use of nitrates is as fertilizer Exposure most commonly occurs through contaminated drinking water Causes leading to Cancer moving forward..…..

22. County FIPS No. of No. of SourcesSystems Butte 6051 52 El Dorado 6053 62 Fresno 6055 94 Inyo 6057 55 Kern 6059 11456 Kings 6061 4012 Los Angeles 6063 4821 Madera 6065 137 Marin 6067 22 Mariposa 6069 33 Mendocino 6071 11 Merced 6073 1512 Mono 6075 113 Monterey 6077 198 Napa 6079 5 Nevada 6081 42 Orange 6083 43 Plumas 6085 21 Riverside 6087 268 Sacramento 6089 228 San Benito 6091 22 San Bernardino 6093 6422 San Diego 6095 52 San Joaquin 6097 4918 San Luis Obispo 6099 97 Santa Barbara 6101 74 Santa Cruz 6103 43 Shasta 6105 11 Solano 6107 63 Sonoma 6109 2318 Stanislaus 6111 209 Arsenic - A metal that is naturally occurring but becomes available to humans through industrial processes and mining. Exposure most commonly occurs through contaminated water, foods, or medications http://www.cdph.ca.gov/certlic/drinkingwater/Pages/Arsenic.aspx

23. References 1. Abstracted from Irigaray P, Newby JA, Clapp R, Hardell L, Howard V, Montagnier L, Epstein S, Belpomme D. Lifestyle-related factors and environmental agents causing cancer: An overview. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy. 2007. 61;640-658. 2. Lewis DR, Southwich JW, Ouellet-Hellstrom R, Rench J, and Calderon RL. Drinking Water Arsenic in Utah: A Cohort Mortality Study. Environmental Health Perspectives. 1999. 107:359-365 3. Ferreccio C, González C, Milosavjlevic V, Marshall G, Sancha AM, Smith AH. Lung cancer and arsenic concentrations in drinking water in Chile. Epidemiology. 2000 Nov;11(6):673-9 4. US Department of Health and Human Services, National Cancer Institute and the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. Cancer and the Environment. NIH Publication No. 03–2039. 2003. http://www.niehs.nih.gov/health/docs/cancer-enviro.pdf 5. Barrett JH, Parslow RC, McKinney PA, Law GR, and Forman D. Nitrate in Drinking Water and the Incidence of Gastric, Esophageal, and Brain Cancer in Yorkshire, England. Cancer Causes Control. 1998. 9(2):153-9. 6. Gulis G, Czomployova M, Cerhan JR. An Ecologic Study of Nitrate in Municipal Drinking Water and Cancer Incidence in Trnava District, Slovakia. Environ Res. 2002. 88(3):182-7. 7. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR). 1999. Toxicological Profile for total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH). Atlanta, GA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service. http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/tfacts123.html 8. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR). 2000. Toxicological Profile for Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). Atlanta, GA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service. http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/tfacts17.pdf. 9. King WD, Marrett LD. Case-control study of bladder cancer and chlorination by-products in treated water (Ontario, Canada). Cancer Causes Control. 1996. 7(6):596-604.http://www.niehs.nih.gov/health/docs/cancer-enviro.pdfhttp://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/tfacts123.htmlhttp://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/tfacts17.pdf