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The Holocaust and the Horrors of WWII in Europe SS 10 Ms. Rebecca.

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1 The Holocaust and the Horrors of WWII in Europe SS 10 Ms. Rebecca

2 Do Now: What is racism? Why do you think some groups of people are treated unfairly because of the color of their skin/religion/sex etc? What is racism? Why do you think some groups of people are treated unfairly because of the color of their skin/religion/sex etc?

3 Today we are going to learn about target #5 5. I can explain how nationalism and group identity can lead to racism and discrimination against those that are “outsiders” from the group. 5. I can explain how nationalism and group identity can lead to racism and discrimination against those that are “outsiders” from the group.

4 Germany was in bad shape After World War I and the Great Depression. After World War I and the Great Depression.

5 Government tried to help with problems after WWI But didn’t really help But didn’t really help

6 Hitler takes over People want a leader who will make their lives better People want a leader who will make their lives better

7 Hitler has: Racist and nationalist principles. Racist and nationalist principles. Germany has the BEST race of people Germany has the BEST race of people http://www.javno.com/slike/slike_3/r1/g2009/m06/y206236133895921.jpg

8 Germans are: DESTINED to expand and rule Europe because they are better than everyone else. Nationalism DESTINED to expand and rule Europe because they are better than everyone else. Nationalism http://fightforyourrightwear.com/German_Pride_Front.jpg

9 BUT! Not ALL Germans are deserving. Only PURE Germans should rule: Not ALL Germans are deserving. Only PURE Germans should rule: Christian Christian White White Blonde hair Blonde hair Blue Eyes Blue Eyes

10 Nationalism Nationalism is good but Hitler loved Germany and hated others that were not “aryan”. He was VERY racist. Nationalism is good but Hitler loved Germany and hated others that were not “aryan”. He was VERY racist. So nationalism CAN lead to bad things if it causes people to be racist. Hitler was VERY racist. So nationalism CAN lead to bad things if it causes people to be racist. Hitler was VERY racist. So nationalism CAN lead to bad things if it causes people to be racist So nationalism CAN lead to bad things if it causes people to be racist

11 Who SHOULDN’T be a part of German greatness? People who are different: People who are different: Jews, Gypsies, Homosexuals etc. Jews, Gypsies, Homosexuals etc.

12 A Quote: “If one imagines….a battlefield covered with thousands of dead (WWI)…….and then our institutions for idiots and their care (mental hospitals)……one is most appalled (shocked) by the sacrifice of the best of humanity……. “If one imagines….a battlefield covered with thousands of dead (WWI)…….and then our institutions for idiots and their care (mental hospitals)……one is most appalled (shocked) by the sacrifice of the best of humanity……. Continued on next page Continued on next page

13 …..“while the best care is lavished (given) on life of negative people (people who don’t deserve it)”. …..“while the best care is lavished (given) on life of negative people (people who don’t deserve it)”. Karl Binding and Alfred Hoche, Authorization of the the Destruction of Life Unworthy of Life Leipzig, 1920 Karl Binding and Alfred Hoche, Authorization of the the Destruction of Life Unworthy of Life Leipzig, 1920

14 So what are Germany’s problems? They lost a war and they aren’t as powerful as they SHOULD be! They lost a war and they aren’t as powerful as they SHOULD be!

15 Why isn’t Germany as powerful it SHOULD be? Because “weak” people are dragging them down Because “weak” people are dragging them down Jews, Homosexuals, Gypsies etc Jews, Homosexuals, Gypsies etc

16 Evidence? Jews are weaker! Science says so! Jews are weaker! Science says so! Nazi supporters did “experiments” on Jews to prove that they were weak Nazi supporters did “experiments” on Jews to prove that they were weak

17 http://www.ushmm.org/museum/exhibit/online/deadlymedicine/narrative/index.php?content=science

18 Why would Nazi’s want medical “evidence” to show that Jews weren’t as strong as non-Jews? Illustration from an anti- Semitic children's primer. The sign reads "Jews are not wanted here." Germany, 1936. http://www.ushmm.org/wlc/article.php?lang=en&ModuleId=10005175

19 Jewish people were treated badly In 1935, Germany and other counties taken over by the Nazi’s passed laws that took away basic rights of Jews. In 1935, Germany and other counties taken over by the Nazi’s passed laws that took away basic rights of Jews. They could only be outside certain times of the day They could only be outside certain times of the day They couldn’t go to public places like libraries, concerts movies etc They couldn’t go to public places like libraries, concerts movies etc They had to wear a star on their shirts to show that they were Jewish…….. They had to wear a star on their shirts to show that they were Jewish……..

20 Kristallnacht One night in 1938, Hitler ordered that all Jewish property be destroyed. Jewish stores, businesses, temples, and homes were broken into. Some were burned to the ground. One night in 1938, Hitler ordered that all Jewish property be destroyed. Jewish stores, businesses, temples, and homes were broken into. Some were burned to the ground. kristallnacht: night of broken glass. kristallnacht: night of broken glass. http://xroads.virginia.edu/~1930s2/Time/1938/kristallnacht.jpg

21 Justification for: Removing Jews from government jobs, law, and cultural life. Removing Jews from government jobs, law, and cultural life. Euthenasia Euthenasia http://www.ushmm.org/museum/exhibit/online/deadlymedicine/narrative/index.php?content=final

22 Sterilization: what is it? http://www.ushmm.org/museum/exhibit/online/deadlymedicine/narrative/index.php?content=final

23 So how does the new German government get away with this? Hitler rules under a police state. No one is ALLOWED to protest. Hitler rules under a police state. No one is ALLOWED to protest. No freedom of speech No freedom of speech People can’t meet in groups in public People can’t meet in groups in public No freedom of press No freedom of press

24 If anyone is Jewish or against the state: They get sent to prison camps without a trial. Get them out of the way! They get sent to prison camps without a trial. Get them out of the way! People were afraid. People were afraid. http://www.hermes-press.com/hitler_001.jpg

25 Do Now Last time you learned about how Hitler wanted to destroy all Jewish people because they were “bad”. Trying to destroy an entire race of people is called: genocide. Can you think of another example in history where a leader wanted to commit genocide? Last time you learned about how Hitler wanted to destroy all Jewish people because they were “bad”. Trying to destroy an entire race of people is called: genocide. Can you think of another example in history where a leader wanted to commit genocide?

26 Cambodia

27 Rwanda

28 Armenia

29 Do Now: Hitler had very strong nationalism for Germany. However, he did not believe that all Germans were good. What group did he target as “bad” Germans and why? Hitler had very strong nationalism for Germany. However, he did not believe that all Germans were good. What group did he target as “bad” Germans and why?

30 Hitler has: Racist and nationalist principles. Racist and nationalist principles. Germany has the BEST race of people Germany has the BEST race of people http://www.javno.com/slike/slike_3/r1/g2009/m06/y206236133895921.jpg

31 Germans are: DESTINED to expand and rule Europe because they are better than everyone else. Nationalism DESTINED to expand and rule Europe because they are better than everyone else. Nationalism http://fightforyourrightwear.com/German_Pride_Front.jpg

32 BUT! Not ALL Germans are deserving. Only PURE Germans should rule: Not ALL Germans are deserving. Only PURE Germans should rule: Christian Christian White White Blonde hair Blonde hair Blue Eyes Blue Eyes

33 Nationalism Nationalism is good but Hitler loved Germany and hated others that were not “aryan”. He was VERY racist. Nationalism is good but Hitler loved Germany and hated others that were not “aryan”. He was VERY racist. So nationalism CAN lead to bad things if it causes people to be racist. Hitler was VERY racist. So nationalism CAN lead to bad things if it causes people to be racist. Hitler was VERY racist. So nationalism CAN lead to bad things if it causes people to be racist So nationalism CAN lead to bad things if it causes people to be racist

34 Who SHOULDN’T be a part of German greatness? People who are different: People who are different: Jews, Gypsies, Homosexuals etc. Jews, Gypsies, Homosexuals etc.

35 So what are Germany’s problems? They lost a war and they aren’t as powerful as they SHOULD be! They lost a war and they aren’t as powerful as they SHOULD be!

36 Why isn’t Germany as powerful it SHOULD be? Because “weak” people are dragging them down Because “weak” people are dragging them down Jews, Homosexuals, Gypsies etc Jews, Homosexuals, Gypsies etc

37 Evidence? Jews are weaker! Science says so! Jews are weaker! Science says so! Nazi supporters did “experiments” on Jews to prove that they were weak Nazi supporters did “experiments” on Jews to prove that they were weak

38 http://www.ushmm.org/museum/exhibit/online/deadlymedicine/narrative/index.php?content=science

39 Why would Nazi’s want medical “evidence” to show that Jews weren’t as strong as non-Jews? Illustration from an anti- Semitic children's primer. The sign reads "Jews are not wanted here." Germany, 1936. http://www.ushmm.org/wlc/article.php?lang=en&ModuleId=10005175

40 Jewish people were treated badly In 1935, Germany and other counties taken over by the Nazi’s passed laws that took away basic rights of Jews. In 1935, Germany and other counties taken over by the Nazi’s passed laws that took away basic rights of Jews. They could only be outside certain times of the day They could only be outside certain times of the day They couldn’t go to public places like libraries, concerts movies etc They couldn’t go to public places like libraries, concerts movies etc They had to wear a star on their shirts to show that they were Jewish…….. They had to wear a star on their shirts to show that they were Jewish……..

41 Kristallnacht One night in 1938, Hitler ordered that all Jewish property be destroyed. Jewish stores, businesses, temples, and homes were broken into. Some were burned to the ground. One night in 1938, Hitler ordered that all Jewish property be destroyed. Jewish stores, businesses, temples, and homes were broken into. Some were burned to the ground. kristallnacht: night of broken glass. kristallnacht: night of broken glass. http://xroads.virginia.edu/~1930s2/Time/1938/kristallnacht.jpg

42 Justification for: Removing Jews from government jobs, law, and cultural life. Removing Jews from government jobs, law, and cultural life. Euthenasia Euthenasia http://www.ushmm.org/museum/exhibit/online/deadlymedicine/narrative/index.php?content=final

43 Sterilization: what is it? http://www.ushmm.org/museum/exhibit/online/deadlymedicine/narrative/index.php?content=final

44 So how does the new German government get away with this? Hitler rules under a police state. No one is ALLOWED to protest. Hitler rules under a police state. No one is ALLOWED to protest. No freedom of speech No freedom of speech People can’t meet in groups in public People can’t meet in groups in public No freedom of press No freedom of press

45 If anyone is Jewish or against the state: They get sent to prison camps without a trial. Get them out of the way! They get sent to prison camps without a trial. Get them out of the way! People were afraid. People were afraid. http://www.hermes-press.com/hitler_001.jpg

46 Today We are going to find out what Hitler did to get rid of the Jewish “problem” We are going to find out what Hitler did to get rid of the Jewish “problem”

47 Main group targeted and sent away Jewish people Jewish people http://farm3.static.flickr.com/2135/1624647681_e2b56c7242.jpg

48 Hitler’s solution to the “Jewish problem” Kill all Jews! Kill all Jews! Genocide: the goal of killing an entire race of people like the Jews. Genocide: the goal of killing an entire race of people like the Jews.

49 During WWII About 6 million Jews were killed! About 6 million Jews were killed! 2/3 of the Jews living in Europe. 2/3 of the Jews living in Europe.

50 What happened to them? Thousands of Jews were killed in European cities right away…..the rest were sent away to prison camps Thousands of Jews were killed in European cities right away…..the rest were sent away to prison camps http://www.ushmm.org/museum/exhibit/online/deadlymedicine/narrative/index.php?content=final

51 Concentration Camps Used for: Used for: Slave labor Slave labor http://www.aish.com/holocaust/overview/graphics/he05n24l.jpg

52 Concentration Camps The strong and healthy Jews did work in the camps The strong and healthy Jews did work in the camps Old people, young people, and sick people who couldn’t work were killed right away. Others……. Old people, young people, and sick people who couldn’t work were killed right away. Others……. http://lh3.ggpht.com/_8nKEZFZH3cI/Sj6TSDy0AmI/AAAAAAAAAKM/Z5jYCd2bVjM/tattoo-76.jpg

53 Worked to death MAUTHAUSEN http://www.ushmm.org/wlc/article.php?lang=en&ModuleId=10005196

54 The Holocaust The whole period of time when Jews were killed and sent to The whole period of time when Jews were killed and sent to Concentration Camps is called The Holocaust.

55 Other things that happened in the camps: Medical Experiments: Medical Experiments: Infect Jews with diseases to test antidote Infect Jews with diseases to test antidote Test weapons for war Test weapons for war Fertility experiments to help “Aryan” women make more babies Fertility experiments to help “Aryan” women make more babies

56 Death Family members say goodbye to a child through a fence at the ghetto's central prison where children, the sick, and the elderly were held before deportation to Chelmno death camp during the "Gehsperre" action. Lodz, Poland, September 1942 http://www.ushmm.org/wlc/article.php?lang=en&ModuleId=10005194

57 Chelmno Death Camp http://www.holocaustresearchproject.org/othercamps/images/chelmno%201941.jpg

58 Pictures of one Concentration Camp Auschwitz: Auschwitz:

59 http://www.annefrankguide.com/en-GB/content/gevangenen-auschwitz.jpg

60 http://www.hollow-hill.com/sabina/images/auschwitz-corpses.jpg

61 http://www.7is7.com/otto/travel/photos/20031019/auschwitz_auschwitzcrematoriumoven.html

62 http://www.history.ucsb.edu/faculty/marcuse/classes/133b/07Projects/pix/DworkVanPeltBookpicture.jpg

63 Work will set you free http://chalk.richmond.edu/education/projects/webquests/holocaust/images/arbeit_macht_frei.jpg

64 Gas chamber http://www.7is7.com/otto/travel/photos/20031019/auschwitz_auschwitz1gaschamber.jpg

65 Life in Concentration Camps In your groups, you will be assigned to read an interview from an actual Holocaust survivor. You can watch the interview later if you would like at: In your groups, you will be assigned to read an interview from an actual Holocaust survivor. You can watch the interview later if you would like at: http://www.ushmm.org/museum/exhi bit/online/phistories/index.php?conten t=phi_camps_conditions_uu.htm http://www.ushmm.org/museum/exhi bit/online/phistories/index.php?conten t=phi_camps_conditions_uu.htm

66 In your group, you are going to have one person’s story to read. 1. Doriane Kurz 10-1: Nokhook and Sang-In 1. Doriane Kurz 10-1: Nokhook and Sang-In 10-2: Rose and Bank 2. Ernest Koenig 10-1: Pop, Max and Lily 2. Ernest Koenig 10-1: Pop, Max and Lily 10-2: Momo, Jug and Pinky 10-2: Momo, Jug and Pinky 3. Eddie Hellmuth Willner 10-1: Saori, Yoshi and Grace 3. Eddie Hellmuth Willner 10-1: Saori, Yoshi and Grace 10-2: Toop, Nut and Finance 10-2: Toop, Nut and Finance 4. Leo Schneiderman 4. Leo Schneiderman 10-1: Tien and Boss 10-2: Mizuki, Hiroki and Bow

67 Important Vocabulary to know before you read Corpses: dead bodies Corpses: dead bodies Appell: attendance or roll call Appell: attendance or roll call barracks: housing, building where prisoners slept barracks: housing, building where prisoners slept Emaciated: very thin, starving Emaciated: very thin, starving Sick bay: hospital in an army camp or prison Sick bay: hospital in an army camp or prison Kapo: Jewish prisoners who worked as guards for the Nazi’s in camp Kapo: Jewish prisoners who worked as guards for the Nazi’s in camp Ration: set amount of food that each prisoner got for a meal Ration: set amount of food that each prisoner got for a meal Kommando: group of workers Kommando: group of workers Lorries: trucks or wheeled carts to transport things Lorries: trucks or wheeled carts to transport things SS guard: Nazi officer working in Concentration Camps SS guard: Nazi officer working in Concentration Camps Mass grave: large hole dug as a grave for many bodies in the same place. Mass grave: large hole dug as a grave for many bodies in the same place.

68 You have 15 minutes to answer the following questions about your person. Be prepared to share with the class! 1. If the Holocaust happened in the 1940s, about how old was your person? 1. If the Holocaust happened in the 1940s, about how old was your person? 2. What did your person see/experience during their time in the concentration camp that they still remember? Be specific! 2. What did your person see/experience during their time in the concentration camp that they still remember? Be specific! 3. If you experienced what this person did, how would you feel about your chances of survival? 3. If you experienced what this person did, how would you feel about your chances of survival?

69 Exit Slip Answer the following questions before you leave: Answer the following questions before you leave: 1. How is the holocaust a result of nationalism ? 1. How is the holocaust a result of nationalism ? 2. Why did Hitler think that Jewish people were not “good” members of German society? 2. Why did Hitler think that Jewish people were not “good” members of German society? 3. What is genocide? 3. What is genocide? 4. What was life in concentration camps like for the people who were forced to live there? Give one example of something that happened to a Holocaust survivor that you read or heard about today. 4. What was life in concentration camps like for the people who were forced to live there? Give one example of something that happened to a Holocaust survivor that you read or heard about today. 5. Why do you think the Nazis made Jews do things like bury people alive or carry carts of dead bodies? 5. Why do you think the Nazis made Jews do things like bury people alive or carry carts of dead bodies?

70 Escape: Many Jews tried to hide or escape the Holocaust. One example of people who tried to escape: Many Jews tried to hide or escape the Holocaust. One example of people who tried to escape: Anne Frank Anne Frank http://www.studentsoftheworld.info/sites/misc/img/25982_AnneFrank.jpg

71 Anne Frank Movie As you watch the movie about Anne Frank, answer the questions on the worksheet you are given. As you watch the movie about Anne Frank, answer the questions on the worksheet you are given.

72 End of the Holocaust: After the Germans lost WWII, many former Nazi’s went on trial to face punishment for the terrible crimes that they committed against the Jews and others. These trials were called: After the Germans lost WWII, many former Nazi’s went on trial to face punishment for the terrible crimes that they committed against the Jews and others. These trials were called: The Nuremberg Trials The Nuremberg Trials Most Nazi’s were found guilty and were sent to jail or killed. Most Nazi’s were found guilty and were sent to jail or killed.


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