1. THE EASTERN MEDITERRANEAN
CH. 22 SECTION 2
THE EASTERN MEDITERRANEAN

2. THREE WORLD
RELIGIONS
CLAIM THIS REGION
AS THEIR HOLY LAND:
JUDAISM
CHRISTIANITY
ISLAM

3. JEWS AND ARABS
THIS HISTORY OF THIS AREA IS ROOTED IN THE CONFLICTS BETWEEN LAND CLAIMS OF THE JEWS AND MUSLIMS

4. JERUSALEM What is the Jews’ claim to Jerusalem?
THE MUSLIMS BELIEVE THAT MUHAMMED ROSE INTO
HEAVEN ON THE SITE OF THE DOME OF THE ROCK.
JERUSALEM
What is the Jews’ claim to Jerusalem?

6. HOW WAS THE STATE OF ISRAEL FORMED?
DURING WORLD WAR I,
BRITAIN ENLISTED
THE SUPPORT OF THE
ARABS TO FIGHT
GERMANY
AND THE OTTOMAN
TURKS
IN THE DESERT
IN RETURN,
THE ARABS
WERE ASSURED
THAT THEY
WOULD
BE REWARDED
WITH A
HOMELAND
BEFORE
WORLD
WAR I
THE OTTOMAN TURKS
CONTROLLED THE LAND

7. TIME LINE 1922 PALESTINE?_____________ TRANSJORDAN?__________
AFTER WORLD WAR
I, THE TURKS LOST
AND HAD TO GIVE UP
THE LAND TO
ENGLAND, FRANCE,
US, AND RUSSIA
ENGLAND AND
FRANCE
CONTROLLED
THE EASTERN
MEDITERRANEAN
ARABS IN THE
FRENCH-
CONTROLLED
LANDS
REBELLED
LOOK AT THE MAP ON PAGE 512
WHICH EUROPEAN COUNTRIES CONTROLLED
WHICH COUNTRIES HERE?
PALESTINE?_____________
TRANSJORDAN?__________
SYRIA?________________
LEBANON?__________________

8. What about Palestine?
The British strictly controlled the region around Jerusalem, called Palestine.
Slowly, Jews emigrated here and formed a new movement called ZIONISM.
What were the goals of Zionism?
To create a Jewish homeland in Palestine
To reclaim the lands that they believed were given them by
God in the Torah

9. What happened to the Britain’s promise to the Arabs?
AFTER WORLD WAR II, IN 1945, THE HORRORS OF THE HOLOCAUST BECAME PUBLIC
BECAUSE OF THE STRUGGLES OF THE JEWS IN EUROPE, THE UNITED NATIONS AGREED TO FORM THE NATION OF ISRAEL IN PALESTINE IN 1948
THE ARABS REFUSED TO SHARE THE LAND WITH THE JEWS AND REJECTED THE EXISTENCE OF THE NEW COUNTRY OF ISRAEL.

10. Palestinian Liberation Organization (PLO_
FORMED IN THE 1960s, THE P.L.O. PURSUED POLITICAL,
MILITARY, AND TERRORIST MEANS TO REGAIN THE LANDS
THAT WERE TAKEN FROM THEM TO FORM THE NATION OF
ISRAEL.
OVER THE YEARS, THE P.L.O. HAS SIGNED PEACE TREATIES
WITH ISRAEL, BUT MANY OF THE ARABS REMAIN AS REFUGEES.

11. LEBANON AND CYPRUS HAVE EXPERIENCED CIVIL WARS.
IN 1982, ISRAEL ENTERED LEBANON AND TOOK CONTROL OF LAND THERE UNTIL 2000.
JORDAN IS A MONARCHY, BUT IS THE POOREST NATION IN THE REGION AND HAS THE LARGEST PALESTINIAN POPULATION, MANY IN REFUGEE CAMPS.

12. MODERN LIFE CLIMATE IN THE REGION IS MILD
CITRUS AND OTHER CROPS ARE GROWN WITH IRRIGATION SYSTEMS
BECAUSE OF CONFLICTS, SOME ROADS AND COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS MUST BE REBUILT

13. WHAT IS DIFFERENT ABOUT THE ISRAELI ARMY FROM THE
LOOK AT THE TOP OF PAGE 514
WHAT IS DIFFERENT ABOUT
THE ISRAELI ARMY FROM THE
U.S. ARMY?
DAILY LIFE IN THE REGION INCLUDES MOST MEALS EATEN AT HOME
TEA AND COFFEE ARE SERVED
DINNER IS EATEN LATE, SOMETIMES AROUND 10 OR 11 P.M.
THE HOST OF A DINNER DOES NOT EAT WITH THE GUESTS, SO THAT HE CAN BETTER SERVE THEM DURING THE MEAL

14. OTHER ETHNIC GROUPS BESIDES MUSLIMS AND JEWS, CHRISTIANS LIVE HERE
A PRIVATE SECT CALLED THE DRUZE LIVE IN ISRAEL AND SYRIA
THE CHRISTIAN MARONITES WHO FOLLOW ORTHODXY CHRISTIANITY LIVE IN LEBANON
BEDOUINS ARE ARABS WHO PREFER TO REMAIN AS NOMADS IN THE DESERTS OF THE REGION