1. models from the past
conflict
and
anger

2. Humoral pathology
Galen ( AD) followed Hippocrates in believing in humoral pathology: the theory that good health depends on keeping the 4 humours in balance.

3. The humours (cf Frye’s archetypes)
Blood
Yellow bile
Black bile
Phlegm
Air
Fire
Earth
Water
Hot & moist
Hot & dry
Cold & dry
Cold & moist
Sanguine
Liver
Choleric
Spleen
Melancholic
Gall bladder
Phlegmatic
lungs
Amorous, happy, generous
(spring)
Violent, vengeful
(summer)
Gluttonous, lazy, senti-mental
(autumn)
Dull, pale, cowardly
(winter)

4. SNL: frequently quoted Barber

5. Traditional Chinese: the Balance
Chen Yu-chih Chinese values, health and nursing. Journal of Advanced Nursing 36:

6. Popular press – and urban folklore
Or, if you’re training managers, many people use this….
1. The Dominant type (choleric)
Driven to get results, the dominant is aggressive and assertive in their approach to problems - people like Ross Perot, Margaret Thatcher, or Colin Powell, who are strategic in their thinking, have the end in mind when approaching a problem or negotiation. If you have ever met a Choleric who has learned to be patient with people while impatient for results, you have met a winner.
ETC