1. Chapter 6 The Middle Colonies
By Mrs. Nassar

2. Settling the Middle Colonies

3. The Breadbasket Colonies
Called this because the many crops grown in the area.
Several large harbors along the Atlantic Ocean
New Netherland Grows
Peter Stuyvesant governs
Delaware becomes part
People from Belgium, Denmark, France, Italy, Spain, and Brazil along with Africans
The English Take Over
King Charles II gave brother the land between Maine and the Delaware River
Wanted the colonists to fight
English took control

4. Pennsylvania and Delaware
New York and New Jersey
James, Duke of York, split colonies
Gave New Jersey to his two friends, John Berkeley and George Carteret
Sold land for low prices to attract people
Quakers
Believed all people were equal
Hoped to find refuge to live and worship
Bought New Jersey and found Salem
Pennsylvania and Delaware
William Penn – the proprietor (owner) of Pennsylvania

5. Pennsylvania and Delaware continued
New Plan of Government
Trial by jury – a group of citizens decides if a person is guilty or innocent of committing a crime
Charter of Privileges – male colonists elected representatives
Duke of York gave Penn what is now Delaware
Penn wanted the Native Americans tried with justice (fairness)
Met with Tamanend a leader of the Lenni Lenape tribe

6. Life in the Middle Colonies

7. A Mix of People Starting a New Life
Diversity – a group of people thrown together from many parts of the world
People – Dutch, French, Belgian, Swedish, English Puritans, Quakers, German, Irish, and Scottish settlers Don’t forget the Africans
Philadelphia became the “City of Brotherly Love” for its diverse population
Immigrants (a person who comes from another country to start a new life) came to Philadelphia
Pennsylvania Charter of Privileges was the document used as a form of self-government for the Middle Colonies
Costs of coming to Middle Colonies – leaving family, coming to the unknown, leaving some personal items
Benefits of coming to Middle Colonies – better way of life, economic, religious freedom, and freedom
A Mix of People

8. The Great Awakening Peoples’ interest in religion was renewed
Ministers George Whitefield and Jonathan Edwards gave speeches that marked changes in religion. They traveled to different communities.
Religious tolerance came about which allowed acceptance of religious differences
The Great Awakening

9. Religion and Social Life
Religion was a major part of peoples’ lives
Free time came about for people to attend plays, dances, concerts, and social clubs
Barn raising – A family farm would invite neighbors to help them put up the frame for a new barn and have a big meal afterwards.
Religion and Social Life

10. The city had plenty of space for people to live and work.
Many public parks
Wide streets
Benjamin Franklin
Helped improve city
Trained fire fighters Helped with first hospital
Set up militia – volunteer army
Scientist, author, inventor, and printer
Philadelphia Grows

11. Busy Farms and Seaports

12. Rich Farmlands Plenty of fertile soil
Wheat, corn, and rye were the main crops
Traveled to market towns to trade their livestock and crops
A farmer would use a gristmill to ground grain into flour.
Rich Farmlands

13. The colonists prosperity (economic success) depended largely on the ports.
New York City – one of most important
Hudson River helped make trade easier
Good place for ships to dock
Second busiest port in colonies
Philadelphia
Busiest port
City built along Delaware River
Goods were sent down river for trade
Ships sailed down river into the Delaware Bay then the Atlantic Ocean
Port Cities

14. Port Cities continued Exports and Imports
Almost all trade was with England or other English colonies
Colonies exported furs, salted meat, wheat, grains, and lumber
Most imports came from England – furniture, gun powder, medicines, teas, and metals
Port Cities continued

15. Artisans – craft workers who came to the colonies as indentured servants
Most used raw materials to make goods – blacksmiths, carpenters, and bricklayers
Some depended on farm goods – bakers, butchers, flour millers, and soap makers
Dress makers used wool, linen, and cotton to make clothing
Tanners used animal skin for leather which cobblers turned into shoes
Colonial Jobs

16. Colonial trade continued
Young people learned skills by becoming an apprentice (a person who lives and works with an artisan for several years to learn the skill without pay)
Women and girls had few chances to work out of the home. The only way a woman ran a business was if her husband died.
Colonial trade continued