1. Translating Propositions into Categorical Form 1.Find Propositions 2.Find the subject and predicate 3.Affirmo and Nego 4.Supply the proper qualifier 5.Propositions translated to categorical form

2. Define translation categorical and proposition A proposition(N) is a statement that expresses a judgment or opinion. Can be true or false Declarative statements A categorical statement expresses how two objects relate to each other Translation using P,Q, and other symbols instead of words. (Mind your P’s and Q’s)

3. Are these proposition and are they true 1. The sun is shining 2. 3+4=7 3. X+Y>10 4. The sum of two prime numbers is even. 5. Is it raining? 6. Come to Class! 7. The moon is made of green cheese 8. N is a prime number

4. Categorical Exercise 1. Triceratops, Stegosaurus, T rex 2. Monkey, Human, Gorilla 3. Duck, Goose, Turkey 4. Apple, Orange, Banana 5. Hamburger, Hotdog, Corn on the Cob 6. Cookies, Cake, Ice Cream 7. Sedan, Convertible, Coupe 8. Pick up, Mac, Two ton

5. Translation exercise Propositions are joined with a conjunction to draw a conclusion. P it is sunny Q: It is hot 1. and  2. but ∨ 3. or ∧ 4. if then Ξ 5. not and 6. not but 7. not or 8. if not then

6. The Subject and Predicate terms The subject is the main idea and the predicate describes the subject Example: Some historians are extremely gifted writers whose works read like novels. No athletes who have every accepted pay for participating in sports are amateurs.

7. Affirmo and Nego AffIrmo affirms the statement, and nEgO denies the statement A: all is/are true I: some is/are true E: none is/ are true O: some is/are not true

8. Quantifiers Tells how true a statement is either by quantity or quality. All, most, some, half, a few, slim, none

9. Propositions translated into categorical form. Putting statements into categorical forms For example, proposition then categorical "Some birds are geese, so some birds are not felines, since no geese are felines" No geese are felines. Some birds are geese. Therefore, Some birds are not felines.