1. Basic Concepts in Disaster Management Dr
Basic Concepts in Disaster Management Dr. Qudsia Huda Emergency Preparedness and Humanitarian Action WHO EMRO
First National Course on Public Health Emergency Management
12 – 23 March Muscat, Oman

2. Why Basic Concepts Important?
First National Course on Public Health Emergency Management
12 – 23 March Muscat, Oman

3. Definition vs Concepts
Being defined vs
an idea of something formed by
mentally combining all its characteristics
First National Course on Public Health Emergency Management
12 – 23 March Muscat, Oman

4. Globalization Webster Dictionary 1931 Globe, Global 1951 Globalization
Globalization Webster Dictionary Globe, Global Globalization the state of being globalized the development of an increasingly integrated global economy marked especially by free trade, free flow of capital, and the tapping of cheaper foreign labor markets
First National Course on Public Health Emergency Management
12 – 23 March Muscat, Oman

5. Princess Diana’s Death
First National Course on Public Health Emergency Management
12 – 23 March Muscat, Oman

6. An English princess with an Egyptian boyfriend crashes in a French tunnel, riding in a German car with a Dutch engine, driven by a Belgian who was drunk on Scottish whisky, followed closely by Italian Paparazzi, on Japanese motorcycles, treated by an American doctor, using Brazilian medicines This is sent to you by a Candian, using American Bill Gates' technology, and you're probably reading this on your computer, that uses Taiwanese chips, and a Korean monitor, assembled by Bangladeshi workers in a Singapore plant, transported by Indian truck drivers, hijacked by Indonesians, unloaded by Sicilian longshoremen, and trucked to you by Mexican illegals That, my friend, is Globalization !
First National Course on Public Health Emergency Management
12 – 23 March Muscat, Oman

7. Health
Emergency
A sudden unforeseen crisis (usually involving danger) that requires immediate action
Is any actual crisis affecting public health and safety that needs immediate attention.

8. Examples I can’t find my mobile phone
My son hasn’t come home from school
A man is having a heart attack
A plane has crashed
Gas is leaking from a factory
Cholera outbreak in Haiti
An earthquake in China
Earthquake in New Zealand
Tsunami in Japan (??)

9. China Earthquake find and rescue victims
evacuate victims to safe place
provide first aid and medical transport
treat the injured
provide shelter, sanitation, food and water
care for the dead and manage the missing
establish security
re-establish the lifelines (water, power, phone)
plan and pay for recovery and reconstruction

10. An act that has disastrous consequences.
Disaster
A serious disruption of the functioning of a community or a society involving widespread human, material, economic or environmental losses and impacts, which exceeds the ability of the affected community or society to cope using its own resources.
An act that has disastrous consequences.

11. Examples Bam earthquake Indian ocean tsunami South Asian earthquake
Conflict in Gaza
Flood is Pakistan
Earthquake in Haiti

12. All disasters are emergencies not all emergencies are disasters
but
not all emergencies are disasters

13. Complex Emergency
A humanitarian crisis in a country, region or society where there is total or considerable breakdown of authority resulting from internal or external conflict and which requires an international response that goes beyond the mandate or capacity of any single agency and/ or the ongoing United Nations country program

14. Complex Emergency massive displacements of people;
extensive violence and loss of life;
massive displacements of people;
widespread damage to societies and economies
the need for large-scale, multi-faceted humanitarian
assistance  
the hindrance or prevention of humanitarian assistance
by political and military constraints  
significant security risks for humanitarian relief workers
in some areas

15. Complex Emergency Sudan Somalia Some countries in Sub Saharan Africa
Afghanistan
…….

16. Hazard A source of danger
A dangerous phenomenon, substance, human activity or condition that may cause loss of life, injury or other health impacts, property damage, loss of livelihoods and services, social and economic disruption, or environmental damage.

17. Examples Earthquakes Floods Cyclones Tsunami Drought Volcanoes Famine
Civil unrest
Chemicals
Drought
Famine
Conflict
Epidemic
Pandemic
Wildfire
Road Traffic Accident

18. Types of Hazards Man Made Natural Hydrological Technological Chemical
Biological

19. Community consists of 5 elements the people their property
A community is best defined as a group of people who, regardless of the diversity of their backgrounds, have been able to accept and transcend their differences, enabling them to communicate effectively and openly and to work together toward goals identified as being for their common good.
consists of 5 elements
the people
their property
their services
their livelihoods
their environment

20. Why community is important?
‘First Responder’
Interaction with Hazard
Have weakness to suffer
Have strength to withstand
Why community is important?

21. Risks the potential consequences of exposure to a hazard
The combination of the probability of an event and its negative consequences.
the potential consequences of exposure to a hazard

22. Examples dead and missing; injury (mental and physical);
disease (mental and physical);
secondary hazards (fire,
disease etc.);
contamination;
displacement;
breakdown in security;
damage to infrastructure;
breakdown in essential
services.
loss of property;
loss of income …

23. Vulnerabilities
The characteristics and circumstances of a community, system or asset that make it susceptible to the damaging effects of a hazard exposing to risks.

24. Examples Access to health care Measles vaccination low coverage rate
Lack of access to safe water
Lack of access to sanitation
Unsafe infrastructure
Poverty
Illiteracy
Unskilled health workforce
Environmental degradation

25. Capacities
The combination of all the strengths, attributes and resources available within a community, society or organization that can be used to achieve agreed goals.
Ability of coping and responding to reduce loss

26. Capacities Training Guidelines Plan Policy Partnership Resources
Risk Maps
Assessments
NCPHEM

27. Process of building capacity
Preparedness
The knowledge and capacities developed by governments, professional response and recovery organizations, communities and individuals to effectively anticipate, respond to, and recover from, the impacts of likely, imminent or current hazard events or conditions.
Process of building capacity

28. Response
The provision of emergency services and public assistance during or immediately after a disaster in order to save lives, reduce health impacts, ensure public safety and meet the basic subsistence needs of the people affected.

29. Recovery
The restoration, and improvement where appropriate, of facilities, livelihoods and living conditions of disaster-affected communities, including efforts to reduce disaster risk factors.
Building Back Better

30. Early Warning System
The set of capacities needed to generate and disseminate timely and meaningful warning information to enable individuals, communities and organizations threatened by a hazard to prepare and to act appropriately and in sufficient time to reduce the possibility of harm or loss.
First National Course on Public Health Emergency Management
12 – 23 March Muscat, Oman

31. First National Course on Public Health Emergency Management
Exercise!!
First National Course on Public Health Emergency Management
12 – 23 March Muscat, Oman

32. First National Course on Public Health Emergency Management
Thank you
First National Course on Public Health Emergency Management
12 – 23 March Muscat, Oman