1. The Rose Our National Floral Emblem
Digital Rose Art by John Mattia

2. Written, Designed, & Produced By Kitty Belendez Consulting Rosarian
Santa Clarita, CA
In Cooperation with the
ARS Program Services Committee
All Photos by Kitty Belendez
except where noted.
© Copyright 2004 Kitty Belendez, All Rights Reserved.

3. Rose Facts Roses have been in existence for 34 million years.
There are more than 100,000 different rose varieties known to have been in existence.
There are currently more than 18,000 different rose varieties commercially available.
Almost 50,000,000 rose bushes are grown in the United States every year.
Most roses are produced in California, Arizona, Texas.
Some roses are grown on their own roots while others are budded or grafted onto a more vigorous rootstock.

4. Rose Colors WHITE YELLOW APRICOT ORANGE RED PINK MAUVE RUSSET
There are many variations of each color: solids, lights, darks, blends, and stripes.
NO Blue or Black.

5. Bloom Forms Roses are available in many different bloom forms
‘Marriotta’
‘English Garden’
Single
Classic
Decorative
Heavily-Petalled
‘My Sunshine’
‘Louise Estes’

6. Types of Roses Hybrid Teas & Grandifloras Floribundas
Miniatures & Mini-Floras
Shrubs
Climbers
Polyanthas
Old Garden Roses
Species
Shrub Rose ‘Leander’

7. Hybrid Teas Usual characteristics of hybrid teas: One bloom per stem
Classic bloom shape
Long stems
Medium to tall growing habit
Very good repeat bloom

8. Hybrid Teas Some examples of hybrid tea varieties: Mister Lincoln
Touch of Class
Secret
St. Patrick
Gemini
Peace
‘Gemini’

9. Floribundas Usual characteristics of floribundas:
Clusters of blooms on each stem
Classic or informal bloom shape
Bushy plant habit
Short to medium growing height
Good repeat bloom

10. Floribundas Some examples of floribunda varieties: Europeana Iceberg
Playboy
Sexy Rexy
French Lace
Fabulous!
‘Playboy’

11. Miniatures Usual characteristics of miniature roses:
Smaller plant, bloom, and foliage
Clusters or one bloom on each stem
Classic or informal bloom shape
Bushy plant habit
Short to medium growing height

12. Miniatures Some examples of miniature roses: Fairhope Child’s Play
Miss Flippins
Scentsational
Sweet Chariot
Irresistible
‘Miss Flippins’

13. Shrubs Usual characteristics of shrub roses:
Clusters or one bloom on each stem
Informal bloom shape
Bushy plant habit
Short, medium, tall, or very tall heights
Good repeat bloom throughout year

14. Shrubs Some examples of shrub varieties: Abraham Darby Sally Holmes
Golden Celebration
Fair Bianca
Ballerina
Pillow Fight
‘Golden Celebration’

15. Climbers Usual characteristics of climbing roses:
Clusters of blooms on each stem
Classic or informal bloom shape
Very tall, climbing growth habit
Needs pegging or training
Best bloom in spring
Needs minimal pruning

16. Climbers Some examples of climbing roses: Fourth of July America
Paul’s Scarlet Climber
Berries ’n’ Cream
Altissimo
New Dawn
Photo by Steve Jones
‘Paul’s Scarlet Climber’

17. Polyanthas Usual characteristics of polyanthas:
Clusters of small blooms on each stem
Informal bloom shape
Short to medium growing height
Bushy plant habit
Good repeat bloom

18. Polyanthas Some examples of polyantha varieties: Mlle Cecile Brunner
Margo Koster
Lullaby
White Pet
China Doll
Verdun
‘White Pet’

19. Old Garden Roses Usual characteristics of old garden roses:
Classes in existence before 1867
Clusters or individual blooms on each stem
Informal bloom shapes
Short to very tall growing habit
Best bloom in spring, light re-bloom
Many have strong fragrance

20. Old Garden Roses Types of old garden roses: Alba Gallica Damask
Hybrid Perpetual
China
Various Hybrids
Moss
Bourbon
Portland
Noisette
Tea
Centifolia

21. Old Garden Roses Some examples of old garden roses: Reve d’Or (N 1869)
Reine Victoria (B 1872)
Baronne Prévost (HP 1842)
Mme Hardy (D 1832)
Crested Moss (M 1827)
Old Blush (Hch 1752)
Catherine Mermet (T 1869)
‘Baronne Prévost’

22. Species Roses Some examples of species roses:
Rosa foetida bicolor (1590)
Rosa californica (1878, California Wild Rose)
Rosa woodsii (1820)
Rosa banksiae lutea (1824, aka ‘Lady Banks’)
Rosa multiflora (1810)
Rosa rugosa rubra (1784)
Photo by Steve Jones
Rosa banksiae lutea

23. Basic Needs of Roses Sandy loam soil (not too sandy or clayey)
Proper water application & good drainage
6 Hours of sun each day (minimum)
Fertilize monthly during growing season
Air circulation to help prevent disease
Disease and insect control
Annual pruning
Winter protection during freezing weather

24. Common Rose Pests Diseases: Mildew Rust Blackspot Anthracnose Botrytis
Mosaic Virus
Canker
Insects:
Aphids
Spider Mites
Beetles
Thrips
Green Bud Worms
Leaf Cutter Bee
Scale

25. Rose Pests - Diseases MILDEW
Mildew is a fungus that arrives in cool weather and disappears as the weather gets warmer.
Some rose varieties are more susceptible to mildew than others.

26. Rose Pests - Diseases RUST
This fungus is highly contagious in the rose garden. Remove infected leaves and spray the bush with fungicide. Usually disappears in hot, dry weather.

27. Rose Pests - Diseases BLACKSPOT
A fungus disease that occurs with cool, damp weather. Remove and discard all infected foliage. Spray with fungicide.
Photo by John Mattia

28. Rose Pests - Diseases ANTHRACNOSE
This fungus looks similar to blackspot. Appears during rainy season, disappears when weather becomes drier. Remove infected foliage and spray with fungicide.
Photo by Jean Harrison

29. Rose Pests - Diseases BOTRYTIS
A fungus that attacks the blooms during wet weather. Remove rotting blooms and discard. Spray plant with fungicide.
Photo by Jean Harrison

30. Rose Pests - Diseases GALL
This bacteria causes abnormal growths to develop on the rose roots or the crown of the rose. Caused by bacteria entering wounds and injuries. Dig and remove infected rose and surrounding soil.

31. Rose Pests - Diseases MOSAIC VIRUS
There is no cure for this virus that comes from infected rootstock. Foliage may appear mottled and some infected plants lack vigor and appear distorted.

32. Rose Pests - Insects APHIDS
Aphids arrive in spring when there is new green buds and foliage on the rose plant. A hard stream of water, hand squishing, or insecticide will get rid of aphids.

33. Rose Pests - Insects SPIDER MITES
Spider mites appear during hot weather and suck on the foliage. They look like tiny specks on the undersides of the foliage. Washing the foliage with water can help to control.

34. Rose Pests - Insects BEETLES
Various types of beetles arrive during summer to chew on the rose blooms. Shown here is the Japanese beetle. Remove by hand picking, or spray with insecticide.
Photo by John Mattia

35. Rose Pests - Insects LEAF CUTTER BEE
This insect cuts circles in the foliage and makes a nest with the clippings. Although unsightly, they won’t hurt your rose bush.

36. Rose Pests - Insects GREEN BUD WORMS
Small green worms chew holes in the buds. Spray the tight buds with insecticide or pick off and squish the worms.

37. Rose Pests - Insects CANE BORER
A tiny wasp-like insect that drills holes in the rose canes and lays its eggs inside. Seal tops of pruned canes with white glue for prevention.

38. Rose Pruning Tips Trim the bush back by half or more
Cut 1/4” above outward-facing bud eye
Thin out crossing branches & twiggy growth
Strip off all foliage & clean up all debris
Apply a dormant spray to prevent pests
Never use rose trimmings for mulch
Check with local rosarian for ideal timing

39. Rose Pruning
BEFORE
AFTER

40. Tips for Selecting Bare Root Roses
Make sure canes are green and not dried out
Select #1 grade
Choose plants with at least 3 thick canes
Avoid waxed canes
Avoid bare root roses already leafing out
AARS or patented roses cost more because you are paying extra for the royalty fee

41. Example of a #1 Grade Bare Root Rose
At Least 3 canes
Good root system
Not shriveled up
Not leafing out
No damage or gall

42. Rose Planting Tips Soak bare root rose overnight before planting
Select a sunny location
Make sure there is plenty of drainage
Dig a hole at least big enough for the roots
Place roots down in hole, canes facing up
Fill hole with potting soil or amended soil
Water rose well after planting
Potted roses can be planted most times of year

43. Roses Around a Swimming Pool

44. Rose Beds for a Small City Lot

45. Roses in Full Bloom

46. American Rose Society Founded in 1892 20,000 members nationwide
Headquartered in Shreveport, Louisiana
$37 Annual Dues
Monthly full-color magazine American Rose
Two Annual Conventions
Website:
‘St. Patrick’

47. Have a Rosy Day!
‘Irresistible’