1. GHSGT REVIEW Structure and Properties of Matter SOLUTIONS

2. How is matter classified? Mixtures – Sugar and water – air Compounds –H2O–H2O – NaCl Elements –H–H –O–O

3. What is a mixture? A combination of two or more substances that are NOT chemically combined

4. What are the two types of mixtures? Homogeneous mixtures – well-mixed and the particles CANNOT be distinguished from one another – EX: sugar dissolved in water Heterogeneous mixtures – not evenly mixed and the particles CAN be distinguished from each other – EX: dirt and water mixture

5. What is a solution? A homogeneous mixture in which one substance is dissolved in another substance

6. What are the 2 parts of a solution? Solute – what is being dissolved (present in less amounts) Solvent – what is doing the dissolving (present in greater amounts)

7. Pick out the solvent and solute in the following: 10 grams of sugar dissolved in a gallon of water: Solvent ___________Solute ___________ Air is 78% nitrogen and 21% oxygen: Solvent ___________ Solute ___________

8. What is solubility? The ability of a substance to dissolve in a solvent. How would you describe the solubility of bubble gum in water? Zero solubility, does not dissolve at all! How would you describe the solubility of sugar in water? High solubility, dissolves very well!

9. Why is water described as the universal solvent? It can dissolve more substances than any other known substance

10. What is a saturated solution? A solution is said to be saturated when it contains the maximum amount of solute that can dissolve in a certain amount of solvent at a certain temperature. Is there a limit to how much sugar you can dissolve in a gallon of tea??

11. What is an unsaturated solution? A solution that contains less than the maximum amount of solute that will dissolve in a certain amount of solvent at a certain temperature. Would you describe tea that has had a tablespoon of sugar dissolved in it as a saturated solution or an unsaturated solution? Unsaturated

12. What is solubility curve? A graph that shows how the amount of dissolved solute changes with temperature.

13. What affects the rate at which a solid substance dissolves in a liquid solvent? Agitation – stirring increases the rate of dissolving Surface area – increasing the surface area increases the rate of dissolving Temperature – increasing the temperature increases the rate of dissolving

14. Vinegar is a solution of two liquids: water and acetic acid. Most vinegar contains 95% water and 5% acetic acid. In vinegar, acetic acid is: a.A solvent b.A mixture c.An element d.A solute

15. Salad dressing often contains vinegar and oil. Shaking a bottle of dressing combines the ingredients, but afterward the vinegar and oil separate. Which term describes the salad dressing? a.Solution b.Solute c.Heterogeneous mixture d.Homogeneous mixture