1. Copyright 2010, The World Bank Group. All Rights Reserved. Training and Procedural Manuals Section A 1

2. Copyright 2010, The World Bank Group. All Rights Reserved. Staff Training and Quality Assurance Staff training that is relevant, and given at the appropriate time for the activity that is being planned will help maintain quality in any process Training equips staff with information, and helps ensure that staff complete their work objectives correctly 2

3. Copyright 2010, The World Bank Group. All Rights Reserved. Staff Training and Quality Assurance The most accurate data is obtained directly from the source. 3

4. Copyright 2010, The World Bank Group. All Rights Reserved. Types of Enumerator Errors Coverage Error Locating the Unit Contacting the Respondent Obtaining Participation Content Error Deliberately Giving Incorrect Information Misunderstanding on Part of Respondent 4

5. Copyright 2010, The World Bank Group. All Rights Reserved. Start with Good Enumerators Know the characteristics you need in your enumerators Have complete and honest job descriptions when recruiting Ensure your enumerators meet the basic skill level required during selection process and training. 5

6. Copyright 2010, The World Bank Group. All Rights Reserved. Develop Good Training Materials Train the instructors: Provide good training materials Develop standardized tools to evaluate enumerators Develop procedural and training guides: Provide necessary information in simple terminology Include a system for updating procedures Evaluate the overall training program: 6

7. Copyright 2010, The World Bank Group. All Rights Reserved. Continuous Improvement Based on Experience Training should include lessons learned by successful, experienced interviewers Cover common problems encountered in the field Provide solutions for problems according to topic or area Enumerators need to internalize solutions so that they can be applied quickly and naturally in their own words 7

8. Copyright 2010, The World Bank Group. All Rights Reserved. Training of Field Personnel Verbatim Training Guides Provides review of training topics Training consistency Training quality independent of trainer Field Supervisors to Train Enumerators Establishes lines of authority Reduces class size Identify future training needs Promotes job comprehension 8

9. Copyright 2010, The World Bank Group. All Rights Reserved. Use of Job Aids Job aids are summary procedural instructions or references that helps a person perform their job better. Job aids contain the minimum amount of information necessary to complete a task successfully Training should use job aids so that enumerators become familiar with them and how to use them in the field 9

10. Copyright 2010, The World Bank Group. All Rights Reserved. Performance Based Training Performance based training requires that the enumerator demonstrate performance of a set of priority skills Trainer doesn’t just lecture in front of the classroom but demonstrates proper performance, organizes exercises and provides feedback Straight lecture training doesn’t verify that enumerators can perform the tasks required to collect agricultural information 10

11. Copyright 2010, The World Bank Group. All Rights Reserved. 11 Despite attempting to administer the same questionnaire, with the same procedures, given the same training, interviewers vary in what types of people they succeed in attracting to participate.

12. Copyright 2010, The World Bank Group. All Rights Reserved. Contacting the Respondent 1.Visit units with access impediments (barriers) first as it may take longer to reach the unit. 2.Single person households tend to be at home less frequently. 3.Know the area – for example, Sunday through Thursday evenings often have higher at-home rates. 12

13. Copyright 2010, The World Bank Group. All Rights Reserved. 13 Respondent Selection Person Householder Any Adult Household Member Proxy Respondent

14. Copyright 2010, The World Bank Group. All Rights Reserved. 14 Obtaining Participation Refusals Inability to respond (language, health, access) Typically respondents are different than non- respondents Highlight areas of higher nonparticipation

15. Copyright 2010, The World Bank Group. All Rights Reserved. 15 Interviewing Techniques 1.Know the Survey 2.Have a Good Introduction 3.Ask Questions Exactly as Worded 4.Protect Confidentiality 5.Enter Responses Correctly

16. Copyright 2010, The World Bank Group. All Rights Reserved. 16 Have a Good Introduction Introduction Basics: Name Organization Survey and Purpose Legal Authorization Confidentiality

17. Copyright 2010, The World Bank Group. All Rights Reserved. Know the Survey Interviewer can answer questions that may be asked by respondents Interviewer can explain questions and terms used in the survey Information given to respondents must be accurate so that respondents can answer the questions correctly 17

18. Copyright 2010, The World Bank Group. All Rights Reserved. Ask Questions Exactly as Worded Interviewers must ask questions exactly as they are written to ensure the survey data is valid and unbiased. Every respondent receives the same question. AVOID BIASING A RESPONDENT’S ANSWER 18

19. Copyright 2010, The World Bank Group. All Rights Reserved. Reasons for Entering the Wrong Responses 1.Conducting the interview too fast 2.Inexperience 3.Nervousness 4.Not recognizing an inaccurate response 19

20. Copyright 2010, The World Bank Group. All Rights Reserved. Probe to Obtain More Complete and Accurate Data Probing is used to: Elicit more information Help respondents remember information Clarify a question that the respondent does not understand. Probing can also be done wrong, introducing bias 20

21. Copyright 2010, The World Bank Group. All Rights Reserved. Completing the Questionnaire Make sure interviewers thoroughly understand skip instructions to ensure responses are not put in the wrong space. Train on the standard method for recording responses and for correcting wrong entries. 21

22. Copyright 2010, The World Bank Group. All Rights Reserved. Evaluation of Performance Enumerator performance should be evaluated not only to assess data quality during data collection but also as a means to improve training and performance in future work. Evaluations should be conducted: During training: At the end of training. After training: 22

23. Copyright 2010, The World Bank Group. All Rights Reserved. Section A Quiz 1.When should training be evaluated and updated? 2.What are job aids? 3.When should enumerator performance be evaluated? 4.What basics should be covered in enumerator training? 23