1. Illumination for Industrial Painting Projects Presented by: William Hansel, Caltrans

2. Learning Outcomes At the end of this webinar you will be able to: –Define illumination –Define industry standards that pertain to illumination –Recognize illumination requirements for different coating applications

3. Introduction This webinar provides information on the quantity and quality of lighting on industrial painting projects that is conducive to: – Achieving quality surface preparation and coating application –Productivity –Inspection/quality control –Accident prevention

4. Illumination Achieving acceptable levels of illumination by natural or artificial means in the industrial painting industry is complicated due to the complexity of structures, vision inhibiting dust and potentially hazardous concentrations of explosive dust or solvent vapors

5. Illumination Adequate illumination improves productivity and motivation Poor illumination increases the risk of accidents and costs of operation

6. Illumination Industry Standards Lighting standards have been established for most industrial applications –American National Standards Institute (ANSI) RP7- Practice for Industrial Lighting Z117.1- Safety Requirements for Confined Spaces –SSPC: The Society for Protective Coatings Technology Guide No. 12, Guide for Illumination of Industrial Painting Projects

7. SSPC Technology Guide 12 Provides recommended levels of illumination needed to provide objective and subjective examination of lighting conditions in a variety of work spaces such as: –Tanks –Containments –Blast and Paint Rooms –Shop Floors

8. Lighting Under a Bridge

9. Example of Lights to Improve Work Visibility

10. Quantity of Existing (Natural) Light Some natural light will be present in most work areas during daylight hours Amount of natural light will depend on factors such as: –Time of year –Time of day –Orientation of work area –Prevailing weather conditions

11. Determining Amount of Existing Light Measurements should be made with a light meter held at or placed on the surface

12. Determining Amount of Existing Light With the sensor aligned perpendicular to the surface, make a minimum of 5 measurements which are representative of the work area Record each and calculate the average of the measurements

13. Effect of Airborne Dust Airborne dust will reduce visibility Provisions may be required for its removal prior to the start of work in order for adequate illumination to be achieved

14. Classification of Locations Once the evaluation of the work area is complete the work locations should be classified as one of the following: –Hazardous locations –Non-hazardous locations –Wet locations

15. Hazardous Locations Potential for explosion and/or fire exists Locations where quantities of flammable gasses or vapors, explosives, combustible dusts, fibers or flyings are present or likely to become present

16. Hazardous Locations

17. Lighting fixtures use in hazardous locations must be explosion proof and Underwriters Laboratory or Factory Mutual approved for use in the appropriate Class and Division atmosphere

18. Hazardous Classes Hazardous locations are classified as: –Class I –Class II –Class III

19. Class l Locations in which flammable gases or vapors are or may be present in the air in quantities sufficient to produce explosive or ignitable mixtures

20. Class ll Locations in which are hazardous because of the presence of combustible dust

21. Class I and Class II Explosion proof lighting will be used whenever painting with a paint containing combustible solvents or performing any operation which introduces combustible compounds into a confined space All explosion proof lighting fixtures used must be designed to comply with the requirements of NFPA 70E, Standard for Electrical Safety Requirements for Employee Workspaces All related connectors must be rated in the same manner or be located outside the hazardous location/work space

22. Class III Locations in which are hazardous because of the presence of easily ignitable fibers or flyings (e.g., dust) but in which such fibers or flyings are not likely to be in suspension in the air in quantities sufficient to produce ignitable mixtures

23. Non-Hazardous Locations Where the potential for explosion and/or fire does not exist Lighting fixtures used in non-hazardous locations must be designed to UL Standard 298, Standard for Portable Electric Hand Lamps

24. Wet Locations Where installations are underground or in concrete slabs or masonry in direct contact with the earth, and locations subject to saturation with water or other liquids –Lighting fixtures must be designed to UL 1598, Standard for Luminaries

25. Illumination Requirements MinimumRecommended General Work Area1020 Task Specific- Surface Preparation and Coating Application 2050 Task Specific-Inspection50200 Work Area Illumination Requirements in Foot Candles

26. Illumination Requirements Between Task and Adjacent Darker Surroundings 5 to 1 Between Task and Adjacent Lighter Surroundings 1 to 5 Maximum Luminance Ratios

27. Illumination Requirements All lighting equipment must be durable and designed for intended work environment Portable lamps and fixtures should be encased in a nonconductive, shatterproof material

28. Illumination Requirements Lamps and fixtures should also be equipped with substantial guards Use only heavily insulated cable –Abrasive resistant casing, at least gage 14/2 SO AWG or heavier –Designed for hard or extra-hard usage per NFPA 70

29. Illumination Requirements Use of white light is recommended Does not visually distort the surface being worked on or inspected

30. Illumination Requirements All lighting fixtures having an electrical supply service greater than 12 volts must be: –Properly grounded –Have ground fault circuit interrupter (GFCI) protection or; –Have an integrated circuit breaker wired into the specific electrical line supplying the power to the light fixture

31. Example of a GFCI

32. Proper Use and Maintenance of Lighting Equipment All lighting systems should be removed from the direct spray of: –Paint –Abrasives –Other materials Paint overspray with accumulations on fixtures reduces the amount of light emitted

33. Proper Use and Maintenance of Lighting Equipment Do not tape over the lens to cover areas designed for heat dispersement Do not drop or drag lighting fixtures Periodically inspect GFCIs, plugs, integrated circuit breakers, power cords and power cord connections

34. Proper Use and Maintenance of Lighting Equipment Do not modify or otherwise alter connectors. Use an outlet that is compatible with the connector Immediately replace or repair any device or cable that appears to not be working or broken

35. Summary Achieving acceptable levels of illumination by natural or artificial means in the industrial painting industry is necessary to avoid the increase risk of accidents and to improve overall on the job productivity