1. Philosophical Chairs
Evolution is no longer a theory, it is a fact.

2. What you know? What are the 6 traits of a civilization?
What are 2 major differences between Judaism and other ancient religions?

3. Prehistory Neolitic Revolution Traits of Civilization
Early Humans
Prehistoric=before written records

4. Prehistory-3500 BC Prehistory: Before written records

5. Understanding Prehistory
Archaeology: the study of past societies through an analysis of what people have left behind
Arch.=remains and artifacts
Anthro.=culture
Paleo.-animals
Artifacts-made by people

6. artifacts: tools, pottery, paintings, weapons, buildings, and other items of early people
Arch.=remains and artifacts
Anthro.=culture
Paleo.-animals
Artifacts-made by people

7. Anthropologist: studies culture – uses artifacts and fossils to determine how people lived their lives
Culture: Unique way of life of a people

8. Early Stages of Development

9. Stage 1 - Hominid:
the earliest human-like creatures that walked upright

10. Stage 2 – Homo Erectus: “upright human being”
More & larger tools
Learned to use fire
First to leave Africa & move into Europe & Asia

11. Stage 3 – Homo Sapiens: “wise human being”
Neanderthals – first found in Neander Valley in Germany - first people to bury their dead
Homo Sapiens Sapiens – first humans who looked like us

12. The Paleolithic Age
Old Stone Age
Used simple stone tools

14. Lifestyle
Nomads – moved from place to place following the animal migration & vegetation cycles

15. Major advances Mastery of fire Art – cave drawings
The polychrome painting above, of a "cow and a horse," is a paleolithic cave painting from the caves at Lascaux, in the Dordogne region of France. 
-- 15,000 BCE

17. The Neolithic Revolution and the Rise of Civilization

18. NEOLITHIC REVOLUTION:
The shift from hunting of animals and gathering of food to the keeping of animals and the growing of food on a regular basis that occurred around 8000 B.C.

19. Neolithic = Greek for “new stone”

20. Consequences of the Neolithic Revolution:
Organized communities
Trading of goods
Systematic agriculture
Population explosion

21. Civilization: a complex culture in which large numbers of people share a number of common elements

22. 6 Characteristics of Civilization
1. Cities
2. Government
3. Religion
4. Social Structure
5. Writing
6. Art

23. 1. The Rise of Cities
First developed in river valleys where people could carry on large-scale farming to feed large populations

24. 2. Government
Growing population, need to maintain food supply, and build walls for defense led to organization of the government
Organize & regulate human activity
monarchs

25. 3. Religion
Developed to explain the workings of nature and the fact of their own existence
Priests – power by divine authority & led rituals to gain the favor of the gods

26. Upper Class --priests, government officials, and warriors
4. Social Structure
Upper Class --priests, government officials, and warriors
Middle Class
farmers, artisans, and craftspeople
Slaves

27. 5. Writing
Scribes kept records
Records developed into literature

28. 6. Art Temples built for worship & burial
Paintings & Sculptures – developed to portray gods & goddesses or natural forces