1. 1 An Exploration in Universality and Confidentiality

2. New Testament  Gospels—Matthew, Mark, Luke, John  Acts of the Apostles  Letters:  Romans  1 Corinthians  2 Corinthians  Galatians  Ephesians  Philippians  Colossians  1 Thessalonians  2 Thessalonians  1 Timothy  2 Timothy  Titus  Philemon  Hebrews  James  1 Peter  2 Peter  1 John  2 John  3 John  Jude  Revelation

3. 1. I am the Lord your God, who brought you out of the land of Egypt, out of the house of slavery; you shall have no other gods before me. 2. You shall not make for yourself an idol, whether in the form of anything that is in heaven above, or that is on the earth beneath, or that is in the water under the earth. You shall not bow down to them or worship them; for I the Lord your God am a jealous God, punishing children for iniquity of parents, to the third and fourth generation of those who reject me, but showing steadfast love to the thousandth generation of those who love me and keep my commandments. 3. You shall not make wrongful use of the name of the Lord your God, for the Lord will not acquit anyone who misuses his name. 4. Remember the Sabbath day, and keep it holy...

4. 5. Honor your father and your mother, so that your days may be long in the land that the Lord your God is giving you. 6. You shall not murder (kill). 7. You shall not commit adultery. 8. You shall not steal. 9. You shall not bear false witness against your neighbor. 10. You shall not covet your neighbor’s house; you shall not covet your neighbor’s wife, or male or female slave, or ox, or donkey, or anything that belongs to your neighbor. —Exodus 20:2–17

5. As the soldiers and the mob taunted the dying Jesus, he prayed: “Father, forgive them, for they know not what they do.” (Luke 23:34) Finally, after hours of unbearable pain, he cried out, “My God, my God, why hast thou forsaken me?” (Matthew 27:46) Then he died.

6. “While they were eating, Jesus took a loaf of bread, and after blessing it he broke it, gave it to the disciples, and said, ‘Take, eat; this is my body.’ Then he took a cup, and after giving thanks he gave it to them, saying, ‘Drink from it, all of you, for this is my blood of the covenant, which is poured out for many for the forgiveness of sins.” (Matthew 26:26–28)

7. Blessed are the poor in spirit, for theirs is the kingdom of heaven. Blessed are those who mourn, for they shall be comforted. Blessed are the meek, for they shall inherit the earth. Blessed are those who hunger and thirst for righteousness, for they shall be fi lled. Blessed are the merciful, for they shall obtain mercy. Blessed are the pure in heart, for they shall see God. Blessed are the peacemakers, for they shall be called sons of God. Blessed are those who are persecuted for righteousness’ sake, for theirs is the kingdom of God. —Matthew 5:3–10

8. “Thou has made us for thyself, O Lord, and our hearts are restless until they rest in Thee.” He said that God must be our highest interest, and when that is the case then the next in line is our soul, then our body, then external things. We attain peace, then, only when all things are in their proper place.

9. Stressed direct relationship with God Used vernacular languages Focussed on direct reading of the Bible with no intermediaries Endless interpretations – 50,000 sects and more

10. Catholicism: Jesuit Schools – Modern Universities Protestantism: The Work Ethic of America The Downplaying or Denial of Celibacy

11. Spiritual Hierarchy: God <- God’s words <- God’s priests Reformation: Reject Representatives of God (Scientific)Enlightenment: Reject the Word of God Evolutionary Naturalism: Reject God himself

12. Francis Xavier (1506–1552), proudly described his mission method in one of his letters that he sent to his superior Ignatius: “I would gather all the boys of the village and go to the place where they had made and worshipped the idols; and then the dishonour heaped on the devil was greater than the honour paid to him by the parents and relations of the boys at the time when they made and venerated the idols. For the boys would take the idols and break them to tiny pieces, and then they would spit on them and trample them under foot and do other things which perhaps it is better not to record in detail, thus showing their contempt for the one who had the impertinence to demand the veneration of their fathers.”

13. Condemnation: Eg Xavier Irrelevance: Fulfillment: eg J. N. Farquhar (1861–1929) Outline of the Religious Literature of India is a comprehensive, sympathetic, and widely acknowledged survey of Hindu texts. In The Crown of Hinduism, he explains the relationship between Christianity and Hinduism in terms of fulfillment, a view that was widely adopted by other Christian writers

14. Spiritual Hierarchy: God <- God’s words <- God’s priests Reformation: Reject Representatives of God (Scientific)Enlightenment: Reject the Word of God Evolutionary Naturalism: Reject God himself

15. 988: 1054: Catholic and Orthodox churches excommunicated each other & Sadhana (bhakti) established through BG & Isho Sadhya & Sadhana explained through NoD & NoI

16. The four countries with the largest Muslim communities are Indonesia, Pakistan, India, and Bangladesh—all in Asia.

17. Sunnis are majority Muslims Shias form a majority in Iran and are represented by large communities in Iraq, Kuwait, Lebanon, and India

18. The invasion of Spain in 711 and the spread of the Moors into southern France, where they were repelled by Frankish ruler Charles Martel in 732. Spain itself was finally recaptured only in 1492, when the army of King Ferdinand of Aragon and Queen Isabel of Castile retook Granada. The Crusades, beginning in 1095 and lasting until 1291, pitted Muslims and Christians in battles The invasions of Austria and Croatia by the Ottoman Turks in the late 17th century also portrayed Turkish Muslims as barbaric and uncivilized.

19. - 570 - Born, - 595 - Married to Khadija, - 610 - Quran revelation begins, - 619 - Hijra to Taaif, death of uncle Abu Talib & Khadija, - 622 - On to Medina with Abu Bakr, 624 - won at Badr, - 625 - lost at Uhud, - 630 - regained Mecca, - 632 - Died

20. ulama - learned ones, umma - community, shirk - associating anything with God, tafsir - Quranic explanation, Sharia - The collection of religious laws and duties known.

21. 114 chapters (suras) comprised of verses (ayas) Surat al-Fattiha: first sura of the Quran Ya-sin: 36th sura recited at death The longest chapter contains 286 verses, the shortest only three.

22. ulama - learned ones, umma - community, shirk - associating anything with God, tafsir - Quranic explanation,

23. Death of the prophet Muhammad: 632 First caliph: Abu Bakr: 632–634 Second caliph: Umar ibn al-Khattab: 634– 644 Third caliph: Uthman ibn Aff an: 644–656 Fourth caliph: Ali ibn Abi Talib: 656–661 Fifth Caliph: Muawiyah -Umayyad dynasty Followers of Ali – Shias All others - Sunnis

24. Today Buddhism is the majority religion in Thailand, Mongolia, Cambodia, Myanmar (formerly Burma), Bhutan, Sri Lanka, Tibet, Laos, Vietnam, Japan, Taiwan, and Singapore. The majority of the people in one U.S. state—Hawaii—is Buddhist.

25. Buddha: c 563-483 BC Life recorded 500 years after death. 20 – Married Yashodara, son Rahula 29 – Charioteer Channa took for a ride 35 – Severe austerity

26. 1. Right opinion 2. Right intentions 3. Right speech 4. Right conduct 5. Right livelihood 6. Right eff ort 7. Right mindfulness 8. Right concentration

27. The Buddha prescribed Five Precepts, : 1. To refrain from taking life. 2. To refrain from taking what is not given. 3. To refrain from sexual misconduct. 4. To refrain from false speech. 5. To refrain from intoxicating things that cloud the mind.

28. A Tibetan proverb sums up the Three Jewels: “The Buddha is the great physician; the dharma is the remedy; thesangha is the nurse who administers the remedy.”

29. It would be better... if your penis had entered the mouth of a terrifying and poisonous snake than a woman’s vagina.... It would be better... if your penis had entered a charcoal pit, burning, blazing, aflame, than a woman’s vagina. Vinaya III.20–23, attributed to the Buddha

30. Ashoka 270 BCE. Banned animal sacrifice, became vegetarian Asoka’s missionaries went as far west as Syria, Egypt, and the Greek world Milinda in 155 BCE – Nagarsena conversation

31. "Lord Buddha incarnates at a time when the peo­ple are most materialistic, and he preaches commonsense religious princi­ples."

32. Then, in the beginning of Kali- yuga, the Lord will appear as Lord Buddha, the son of Aïjanä, in the province of Gayä, just for the purpose of deluding those who are envious of the faithful theist.

33. Theravada (Hinayana): Older, Arhat is the ideal (3 lives) Mahayana: Later “revelations” after several centuries, Boddhisattva is the ideal Vajrayana: 7 th century AD – Hevaraja Tantra Zen: No philosophical baggage, just experience

34. 1469: Birth of Guru Nanak 1500: Enlightenment during a three day disappearance 1539: Death after travelling throughout India and also to Iraq and Saudi Arabia.

35. The 10 Gurus of Sikhism (1469–1539) Guru Nanak (1504–52 became guru 1539) Guru Angad (1479–74 became guru 1552) Guru Amar Das (1534–81 became guru 1574) Guru Ram Das (1563–1606 became guru 1581) Guru Arjan (1595–1644 became guru 1606) Guru Hargobind (1630–61 became guru 1644) Guru Har Rai (1656–64 became guru 1661) Guru Har Krishan (1621–75 became guru 1664) Guru Tegh Bahadur (1666–1708 became guru 1675) Guru Gobind Singh

36.  1,430 pages long and is written entirely in verse. It is the longest book of rhymed poetry in the world.  Gurmukhi script, a script devised specifically for the purpose of recording the gurus’ words.

37. The Sikh Gurus (1469–1539) Guru Nanak: 974 hymns (1439–1552) Guru Angad: 62 couplets (1552–74) Guru Amar Das: 907 hymns (1574–81) Guru Ram Das: 638 hymns (1581–1606) Guru Arjan: 2,218 hymns (1664–75) Guru Tegh Bahadur: 59 hymns and 56 couplets (added by Guru Gobind Singh (1675– 1708) Hindu Bhaktas Kabir: 292 hymns and 243 couplets Farid: 4 hymns and 130 couplets Namdev: 60 hymns Ravidas: 41 hymns Jaidev: 2 hymns Beni: 3 hymns Trilochan: 4 hymns Parmananda: 1 hymn Sadhana: 1 hymn Ramananda: 1 hymn Islamic Sufis Dhanna: 4 hymns Pipa: 1 hymn Sain: 1 hymn Bhikhan: 2 hymns Sur Das: 2 hymns Sundar: 1 hymn Mardana: 3 couplets Satta and Balvand: 1 hymn Bhatts: 123 swaiyyas (quatrains)

38. The fundamental principle of Sikhism is, “There is only One Being and Truth is its Name”— in Punjabi, Ikk oan kar sat nam. Three Principles: Seva, Langar, Sangat

39. Guru Gobind Singh inherited at age 9 Two Swords: Piri & Miri

40. Amogha: Çréla Prabhupäda, in Sikhism there was Guru Nanak and Guru Granth Sahib. Is that actually a real scripture, and was Guru Nanak actually a devotee? Or is that not correct? Prabhupäda: They created a system of religion which can include Hindus and Muslim. That was at the time needed. But that is not a good system of religion.

41. Accept Karma & Reincarnation, chanting of holy names, goal of liberation, Reject Caste System, Idol Worship, Authority of Vedas, Renunciation

42. Polemic: “you are wrong” Irenic: “both of us have so many similarities” Apologetic: “I am right”

43. Ishopanishad Overview Lent (period beginning 40 weekdays before Easter): an annual season of fasting and penitence in preparation for Easter. Good Friday (Friday before Easter): the commemoration of the crucification of Christ. Easter Sunday (Sunday after Good Friday): celebrates Jesus Christ’s resurrection from the dead. Ascension Day (40th day after Easter): celebrates the ascension, or rising of Christ to heaven. Pentecost (seventh Sunday after Easter): commemorates the descent of the Holy Spirit on the disciples.

44. Invocation Overview SPoG is the Complete Absolute Truth (p1) Mat world is complete (p2) Human form offers complete facility (p3) Sense gratification – illusory completeness (p4) Dev service – real completeness (p5)

45. Isho 1 Overview Glory of Vedic knowledge (p1-2) How the Lord is the proprietor of everything (p3-4) Eg of one’s quota in nature (p5) Eg of quota in human possession of the earth (p6-8) Eg of quota in human diet (9-10) Live according to ishavasya (11)`

47. Isho 2 Overview How karma-bandhana causes death (p1) Human life offers liberation through akarma (p2) Vedas lead ultimately to akarma (p3) Begin by bringing God into sense-gratificatory life (p4) Wo God, everything is in vain (p5) Make all atruisms into karma-yoga (p6)`

48. Mantra 3 Overview Who is a demon? (p1) Who is a soul-killer? (p2) Liberate the soul, don’t kill it (p3-6) If don’t use higher facilities of human form, then have to live worse than animals in this life and go to hell in the next (p3) Even failure in liberating the soul brings glorious result, what then to speak of success (p4) Modern “politicians” as demons (p5) Solve all problems forever (p6)

49. 1. Karma: 4 meanings: = Any activity in general = Specific type of activity: fruitive activity = Reaction to action = System of action-reaction Akarma: 2 meanings: = Inactivity = Activity that brings no reaction

50. 1. Karmany akarma yah pashyed (akarma: no karmic reaction) See in external activity, no karmic reaction Eg. Arjuna’s fighting leads to no karmic reaction 2. Akarmani ca karma yah (akarma: no external activity) See in external inactivity, karmic reaction Eg. Arjuna’s silent meditating leads to karmic reaction (3.6)

51.  Asura is not just a species, but also a mentality  16 th chp description of demoniac nature

52.  Use of figurative expressions  Mukhya-vritti (abhida-vritti) vs Gauna vritti (lakshana- vritti) (eg. 2.69)  Kill soul’s real life (11.20.17)

53.  Eg. Bhaktivinoda Thakura: Chaitanya Shikshamrita  Eg. Vedanta Deshika: Ramayana commentary  Eg. Madhavacharya: Three levels of meaning:  1. Literal  2. Ethical  3. Metaphorical

54.  The Hare Krishna Explosion – Hayagriva Pr:  “We are also in a kind of chariot with Krishna. That chariot is this material body, and within the heart Lord Krishna is present as the Supersoul, witnessing all our activities.” Paraphrasing Srila Prabhupada, the author further writes, “He then reminds us that we should never fret when confronted with adversities, for we should always know that Lord Krishna is driving our chariot.”

55. Symbolically, mother Devaki's constant fear of Kamsa was purifying her. A pure devotee should always fear material association, and in this way all the asuras of material association will be killed, as the sad-garbhasuras were killed by Kamsa. It is said that from the mind, Marici appears. In other words, Marici is an incarnation of the mind. Marici has six sons: Kama, Krodha, Lobha, Moha, Mada and Matsarya (lust, anger, greed, illusion, madness and envy). The Supreme Personality of Godhead appears in pure devotional service. This is confirmed in the Vedas: bhaktir evainam darsayati. Only bhakti can bring one in contact with the Supreme Personality of Godhead. The Supreme Personality of Godhead appeared from the womb of Devaki, and therefore Devaki symbolically represents bhakti, and Kamsa symbolically represents material fear. When a pure devotee always fears material association, his real position of bhakti is manifested, and he naturally becomes uninterested in material enjoyment. When the six sons of Marici are killed by such fear and one is freed from material contamination, within the womb of bhakti the Supreme Personality of Godhead appears. Thus the seventh pregnancy of Devaki signifies the appearance of the Supreme Personality of Godhead. After the six sons Kama, Krodha, Lobha, Moha, Mada and Matsarya are killed, the Sesa incarnation creates a suitable situation for the appearance of the Supreme Personality of Godhead. In other words, when one awakens his natural Krsna consciousness, Lord Krsna appears. ( SB 10.2.8 p)

56. "The human being is endowed with a higher, advanced stage of consciousness for getting relief from the existence of material miseries, but due to his ignorance he thinks that his higher consciousness is meant for advancing in the material comforts of life. Thus his intelligence is misused in the animal propensities—eating, sleeping, defending and mating—instead of spiritual realization." >>> Ref. VedaBase => SB 3.10.26

57. Mantra 4 Overview AT can’t be understood by speculation (p1) Revelation helps us und God and his energies (p2) Energies nondifferent yet different (p3) As we are limited, we can und unlimited only thru his revelation (p4-5) Play your part and you will be given und (p6- 7)

58. Brahman vs mat world Is matter: Different from brahman? Part of brahman? Nonexistent? Totality of brahman?

59.  Achintya vs anirvachaniya  Conceive the inconceivable for our own purification  Bhakti is Radharani

60.  Ramanuja: Continuous recollection of God Love is a kind of knowledge, bhakti – sadhana and phala  Madhva: Strong emotion of love accompanied by knowledge of God’s majesty  Nimbarka: Special kind of love, sadhana & phala  Vallabha: Love, Maryada and Pushti

61. Jiva Goswami: Bhakti is the essence of God’s int potency of bliss, which is his most important potency. Gaudiya Vaishnavism: Unparalleled sweetness

62. sadhu-saìga, nama-kirtana, bhagavata-shravana mathura-vasa, shri-murtira shraddhaya sevana sadhu-saìga, nama-kirtana, bhagavata-shravana mathura-vasa, shri-murtira shraddhaya sevana

63.  Supreme must be inconceivable (p1)  How AT is far yet near? (p2)  The Science of Deity Worship (p3-6)  Nirguna yet saguna (p7)  How the Lord pervades everything yet is separate (p8-9)

64. Mantra 6 Overview Kanishtha a (p1) Madhyama a (p2) Uttama a (p3) Oneness – False vs Real (p4-7)

65. LevelFaithKnowledge UttamaYes MadhyamaYesNo KanishthaNo

66.  Bodily oneness is false (p4) Accept bodily diversity, realize spiritual unity

67. A comparison of Socio-economic systems Capitalism Allows wealth to determine position and power Wealthy exploit the needy. Cutthroat competition and insecurity Everybody is greedy for money, so everybody is dissatisfied. Communism Imposes artificial material equality Talented are not rewarded People become lethargic Most people live in scarcity and so stay dissatisfied Caste sys Integrates absolute spiritual equality of all people with their relative material diversities As everyone is engaged according to their natures, they work diligently and happily and society gets max benefit

68. The Basic Principle Underlying Varnashrama Spiritually everyone is equal Materially everyone is different

69.  Anupashyati – see acc to shastra (p5)  Shastra has one message (p6)  Liberated person’s vision is truly beneficial (p7)

70. Mantra 7 Overview Oneness between energy and energetic eg. fire (p1) Oneness is in quality, not quantity eg. Drop - ocean (p2) Oneness in interest brings enjoyment eg. Family, nation (p2-3) Separate interests cause shoka & moha (p4) Become one in interest with God (p5-6)

71.  Realizing our  Oneness in quality with God brings detachment  Subordination in quantity to God brings humility

72.  Eg. 1. Fire and light  Eg. 2 Sun:  Sun god – Krishna;  the fiery radiance around its orb – Svarupa-shakti;  its rays – tatastha shakti;  sun’s reflection – bahiranga shakti

73.  Achintyabhedabheda eg.  “Fire burns”  Fire same as yet different from the power of burning

74.  Unity amidst individuality  No utopia

75. Mantra 8 Overview Akayam - Unembodied & Ashnaviram – Without veins (p1-2) Shukram – Omnipotent (p2-4) Yathatathyato arthan… - Fulfiller of desires (p5-6) Paribhuh – Supreme (p7) Svayambhuh – Self-sufficient (p8) Shuddham – Antiseptic & Apapa- Viddham - Prophylactic (p8)

76. Na tasya pratima..  Svetasvatra Upanishad (4.19) is  “No one can grasp Him above, across, or in the middle. There is no likeness of Him. His name is Great Glory.”  na tasya pratima: Baladeva V’s translation:  "Nothing can compare with the transcendental form of the Supreme Personality of Godhead."

77.  prajïänaà brahma: “Brahman is consciousness.” (Aitareya Upaniñad, 3.1.3)  ahaà brahmäsmi: “I am Brahman.” (Båhad-äraëyaka Upaniñad, 1.4.10)  tat tvam asi: “That thou are.” (Chändogya Upaniñad, 6.8.7)  ayam ätmä brahma: “This Self is Brahman.” (Mäëòükya Upaniñad, 1.2)

78. Absolute Truth Bhagavan Paramatma Brahman

79.  Qualification + Bestowal  Karmavada vs Daivavada  Be the most daring beggar

80.  Svakiya vs Parakiya  Chaya-gopis – Jiva Goswami

81.  Mantras 2-3: consequences of living in harmony and disharmony with ishavasya principle  Mantras 9-11, 12-14: Elaboration of same theme

82. Verse no AvidyaVidya 9Ignorant pursuit of s.g Knowledge for pursuing sg 10Knowledge for pursuit of sg Knowledge for pursuit of KC 11Knowledge for bodily maintenance Knowledge for pursuit of KC

83. Mantra 9 Overview Why vidya < avidya? (p1) Avidyam upasate (p2-4) Vidyayam ratah (p4-9) Godless modern education (p4) Veda-vada-ratah (p5-8) Mayayapahrita jnanah (p9)

84.  Forgetfulness of ishavasya principle is avidya  The profitless pursuit of sense gratification is the worship of avidya

85.  To be in ignorance is bad  To be in ignorance and to claim to be in knowledge is worse eg. Non- theistic scientists  To be in ignorance and to claim to be in knowledge and to condemn real knowledge as ignorance is worst eg Atheistic scientists

86.  Gita (2.42-43, 9.20-21) karma kandis  Mistake side issue in Vedas as their ultimate purpose  Misguide people, misinterpret Vedas: tato bhuya iva te tamoh

87.  Brahmavadis (12.4-5): don’t know about Bhagavan  Mayavadis (9.11-12): Imagine Bhagavan to be a temporary manifestation of brahman  Sanatana dharma – God’s personal descent – Unique boon made into unique bane by imposters

88. Mantra 10 Overview Vidya leads to desirable qualities (p1-2) Avidya leads to undesirable qualities (p2-5) Only a dhira can teach vidya (p6-9)

89.  Students – no amanitvam, no shaucam (p2)  Students grow up to be: 1. Scientists - no ahimsa (p2) 2. Pseudo-religionists – no adambhitvam (p2) 3. Nationalists (p4-5)

90. Since 1960, ·The divorce rate has doubled. ·The teen suicide rate has tripled. ·The recorded violent crime rate has quadrupled. ·The prison population has quintupled. ·The percentage of babies born to unmarried parents has sextupled. ·Depression has soared—to ten times the pre– World War II level.

91. Mantra 11 Overview Amrutam ashnute: Immortality is impossible materially eg. Hiranyakashipu (p1-5) Immortality possible only by following Krishna’s teachings (p6-14) Krishna comes to make us immortal (p6-7) Sense gratification binds us to mortality; so restrict it (p8-9) Avidyaya mrtyum tirtva – Harmonize mat needs with sp adv thru apara dharma (p10-11) Vidyaya amrutam ashnute – Attain immortaliy thru para dharma (p12-14)

92.  Anything short of pure devotional service can satisfy neither Krishna nor the soul.

93. Karma – Abuse senses Karma – Abuse senses for mat purpose Natural, but binding Bhakti – Use material senses for spiritual purpose Natural & Liberating Jnana – Reject senses for either mat or sp purpose Non-binding, but unnatural

94. Mantra 12 Overview Even demigods and rishis misunderstand the Abs Truth to be impersonal (p1-3) Demigod worshipers stay in the dark material world (p4-7) Impersonalists who mislead people go the darkest regions of hell (p7-10)

95. Verse no AsambhutiSambhuti 12DemigodsImpersonal Abs 13Anything other than SPoG SPoG 14Knowledge of mat w Knowledge of SPoG

96.  Service for materially-minded devotees  Multi-level options for spiritual advancement acc to one’s modes  Expression of Krishna’s ultimate non-enviousness and compassion

97. Mayavada is a dangerous hodgepodge khichadi made with:  Grains of impersonalism drawn from the Upanishads  Sugar of social service taken from Christianity  Spice of nationalism taken from the Indian Independence Movement  Envy of Krishna from the hearts of the conditioned souls

98.  Upanishads as a stepping stone in the Vedic masterplan  Where impersonalists are right – and where they go wrong  Mat forms and varieties -> mat desirees ->mat miseries  Vayavaharika : anything that talks about form and variety  Paramarthika: anything that talks about formlessness  Medieval spread of Mayavada  Modern boost and twist to Mayavada  Disasters caused by Mayavada

99.  Deprives soul of his natural higher taste of bhakti  Makes mat life appear more attractive than spiritual life

100. Mantra 13 Overview Dhira exposes folly of “all paths lead to the same goal” (p1) Dhira teaches shastra: different paths lead to different goals (p2-4) Accept Krishna as sambhavat? (p5-8) Yes? Arjuna. Kills so-called relatives to satisfy Krishna (p9) No? “People are my god” or “I am God” (p10-12) Hearing from dhira helps one and all to attain perfection (p13-16)

101. Mantra 14 Overview Vinashena: Nothing – not even science –can make this world deathless (p1-2) Sambhutim ca vinasham ca: Vedas give info about death-filled and death-free world (p3-6) Sambhutyamrutam ashnute: Only by surr to Krishna can we transcend death (p7-9) Give up misconceptions to attain immortality (p9-11)

102. LivingNon-living BirthCreation GrowthDeteriortation MaintenanceDestruction Reproduction Deterioration Death

103. Mantra 15 Overview Pushann: Krishna is the basis of Brahman and Paramtma(p1) Satya dharmaaya drishtaye: How Krishna reveals Himself beyond the brahman (p2-5) How the ultimate revelation of Bhagavan comes only by bhakti (p6-10)

104. ProcessLevel of God realizaiton 1 SankhyaAT as matter (Elements of m.w) 2 JnanaAT wo potencies (Brahman) (only sat aspect) 3 YogaAT with only mat potencies (Paramatma) (sat-cit) 4 BhaktiAT with mat and sp potencies (Bhagavan) (sat-cit-ananda) AT with only mat potencies

105. ProcessHow it leads to bhagavan thru bhakti 1 Sankhya7.4-7, 18.55 2 Jnana7.19 3 Yoga6.14-15, 6.47 4 Karma3.9, 3.30 AT with only mat potencies

106. Mantra 16 Overview Vyuha rashmin: Beyond Brahman is Bhagavan (p1-2) Kalyana-tama: Bhagavan is the most auspicious realization (p3-4) Pusann – How the Lord maintains the devotees and everyone and everything else (p5) So ‘ham asmi – How the living entity is one yet different from the Lord(p6-7) The favor of the Lord sought by this prayer is fulfilled in pure devotional service (p8)

107. Mantra 17 Overview The material body is a foreign dress that must be given up (p1-3) The best way to give up the body is by surrendering to the Lord – not by going to the brahmajyoti (p4- 5) The importance of the last thought(p6-7) Krishna never forgets our service to Him (8-9) Krishna’s mercy is ever-available thru dev service (p10-11) Bhag elaborates this verse – and all other verses (p12) Prepare for death by dev practice (p13-15)

108. Mantra 18 Overview How obstacles on the spiritual path originate (p1) Achieving perfection – the gradual way and the quick way (p2-4) How the omnipotent Lord guides a devotee (4-8)

109. Ishopanishad Overview 1. Invocation and Verse 1 to 3: Isavasya principle, harmony and disharmony 2. Verse 4 to 8: Who is the Isvara? a. Verse 4 to 5: Inconceivable of Isvara b. Verse 6 to 7: Spiritual vision of mahabhagavata c. Verse 8: How mahabhagavata understands the Isvara 3. Verse 9 to 14: Understanding and misunderstanding the Isvara a. Verse 9 to 11: Vidya (personal knowledge) and avidya (material and impersonal knowledge) b. Verse 12 to 14: Demigod worship vs worship of Supreme Lord  Verse 15 to 18: Prayers to Isvara to reveal Himself

110.  Akarma – Rapid elevation by KC   Karma – Gradual elevation by karma-kanda  Vikarma – Degradation due to vikarma