1. German and Irish Experience Push and Pull Factors

2. Events or conditions which cause a person or group to seek life in another country; it pushes them out or forces them to leave Famine failing economy lack of resources religious persecution

3. Events or conditions which appeals to or attracts a person or a group to relocate to a non-native country religious freedom economic opportunity resource wealth land

4. a person who migrates or relocates to another country, usually permanently the goal of an immigrant is usually to obtain citizenship Congress regulates immigration laws the President regulates policies on refugees (a refugee is someone outside of his/her country who is unable or unwilling to return to their native country because of feared or actual persecution)

5. Give me your tired, your poor, Your huddled masses yearning to breathe free, The wretched refuse of your teeming shore. Send these, the homeless, tempest-tossed to me. I lift my lamp beside the golden door.

6. The Irish Potato Famine 1840’s potato blight loss of income nearly one million died nearly one million left for America

7. Most settled in the northeast part of the country, in places like Massachusetts Many worked as unskilled laborers, in jobs such as constructing railroads and canals or in factories, and as food makers

8. Political upheaval in Germany Failed rebellion in 1848 Little economic mobility approximately one million Germans made their way to the United States

9. “I would prefer the civilized, cultured, Germany to America if it were still in its former orderly condition, but as it has turned out recently, and with the threatening prospect for the future of religion and politics, I prefer America. Here I can live a more quiet, and undisturbed life”--German immigrant in Wisconsin

10. Settled more inland, in places like Iowa and Illinois Many became farmers, tailors, and bricklayers

11. Americans who opposed immigration were called Nativists They feared competition for jobs They feared their different religious beliefs most of the Irish immigrants were practicing Catholics whereas most Americans were Protestant They did not like or understand the culture the immigrants brought with them