1. Female Reproductive System
Animal Reproduction
Female Reproductive System
Female Reproductive System

2. Functions of Female Reproductive System
Major Functions
Produce eggs (ova)
Provide half of the genetic makeup to offspring
Formations of embryo
House & nourish fetus
Minor Functions
Serve as a receptacle for the penis
Removal of urine from the body
Female Reproductive System

3. Anatomy of Female Reproductive System
Major Parts (Macroscopic Anatomy)
Ovaries: two, located at the ends of the uterine horns, house structures that produce eggs and female hormones estrogen & progesterone.
Infundibulum: funnel like openings which pick up eggs after ovulation & direct them into the fallopian tubes.
Fallopian tubes: site of fertilization, functions as passageway for fertilized egg into uterine horn.
Female Reproductive System

4. Uterine body: site where uterine horns join.
Uterine horn: site where embryo usually attaches, receives nutrients, and develops until parturition.
Uterine body: site where uterine horns join.
Uterus: both uterine horns and uterine body combined. Functions as a passageway for sperm during copulation, incubates embryo during pregnancy, and contracts to expel the fetus during parturition.
Female Reproductive System

5. Cervix: thick-walled mass of concentric muscles with a small tube-like opening which joins the uterus with the vagina. It serves as a passageway for semen from the vagina to the uterus at copulation, contains glands which secrete a waxy-like substance to seal off the uterus during pregnancy and between heat periods to protect against infection, disease, or entrance of foreign matter.
Vagina: receptacle for the penis during copulation, also serves as passageway for expelling urine from the bladder.
Female Reproductive System

6. Urethra: joins the bladder to the vagina.
Vulva: external portion of the female reproductive tract. Serves to protect the internal system from infection, initially receive the penis at copulation, and act as a passageway for urine.
Clitoris: located just inside the vulva, serves as a sensory organ.
Female Reproductive System

7. Minor Parts (Microscopic Anatomy)
Ova (eggs): produced by the ovaries through the process of oogenesis.
Oocytes: immature ova. There are thousands of them in the female body at the time of birth, however, only a small proportion of them develop into ova.
Estrogen: female sex hormone secreted from a follicle on the ovary & signals the rest of the reproductive anatomy to prepare for the ovulation of an ovum (one ova). Controls the estrous cycle of the female.
Female Reproductive System

8. Corpus hemorrhagicum: forms from the follicle that released the ovum
Corpus hemorrhagicum: forms from the follicle that released the ovum. It is composed of a blood clotted area and lasts two to three days after the release of the ovum.
Corpus luteum: yellow mass of cells that forms from the corpus hemorrhagicum. Produces the female hormone progesterone.
Progesterone: female pregnancy hormone that must be released to the body for pregnancy to be maintained.
Female Reproductive System

9. Corpus albicans: formed from the degenerated corpus luteum after it has been covered by connective tissue. Functions to remove the yellow cells of the corpus luteum & return the ovary to its normal shape and function.
Female Reproductive System

10. Female Repro Anatomy
Female Reproductive System

11. Female Repro Anatomy
Female Reproductive System

12. Female Reproductive System

13. Assignment Draw and label the female reproductive anatomy.
Include the: cervix, uterus, uterine horns, fallopian tubes, infundibulum, ovaries, bladder, clitoris, vulva, and vagina.
Female Reproductive System