2. “Puritanism in New England”

3. Covenant The concept of a contract between God and his elect.

4. These covenants were basically legally binding contracts with God and each other. They agreed to serve God according to the scriptures. In accordance, God agreed to not arbitrarily afflict them. However, punishment for sins is a proper response for disobedience. The covenant was sealed through the sacrament of Baptism and implied “a league between God and man.”

5. Interlocking covenants to God and each other established Puritan communities. Power was distributed through elected congregation members, but there was no true separation of church and state. The ultimate authority in both political and religious spheres was God's word through the Bible and sermons.

6. New England Puritan Value of Literacy & Education Believed that children needed to read in order to understand the Bible and also to “understand...the capital laws of this country,” as the Massachusetts code declared Thought children not taught to read would grow “barbarous” In 1647, Massachusetts passed a law that required towns to hire a schoolmaster to teach writing. School that would become Harvard College established in 1636 By the 1670s, all New England colonies (excepting Rhode Island) had passed legislation that mandated literacy for children.

8. Typology (symbolism) The belief that God's intentions (wrath and rewards) are present in natural phenomenon like flooding, bountiful harvest, the invasion of locusts, and the lightening striking a home.

9. Manifest Destiny: The belief that it was the destiny of the U.S. to expand its territory over the whole of North America and to extend and enhance its political, social, and economic influences. Puritans were to carry on God's mission and to set a shining example for the rest of the world.

10. Style and Themes of Puritan Writing “The Plain Style”: against ornate style; showed reverence for the Bible. Practical: there was a purpose for most Puritan writing- to teach, reinforce beliefs and the struggle to be pure Reflected the character and scope of the reading public: which was literate and well-grounded in religion. Idealism: striving for greatness

11. Anne Bradstreet (1612-1672) generally considered the first American poet. Born around 1612 near Northampton, England, she married Simon Bradstreet at age 16 The couple emigrated to the New World in 1630. In such bestselling collections as The Tenth Muse Lately Sprung Up in America, Bradstreet wrote of her life as a mother, wife, and daughter during the establishment of the Massachusetts Bay Colony. Poetry included conflicts of being human and being Puritan.

12. Jonathan Edwards (1703-1758) Considered Puritan America’s greatest philosopher. Born in East Windsor, CT, the son of a pastor, Edwards entered Yale at twelve. After studying theology he became a preacher who was known for his powerful sermons which often brought about remarkable religious awakenings. He was known for his “quiet, understated delivery which imbued his words with infectious force.”