1. Bellringer November 19th Need compbook and pencil! Copy the following into your agenda 1. I can describe the relationship among genes, chromosomes, and inherited traits. 2. I can interpret a Punnett square to predict possible genetic combinations passed from parent to offspring. Heredity vocabulary booklet, Due Monday, Nov. 24th 1. heredity 2. recessive trait 3. dominant trait 4. gene 5. allele 6. phenotype 7. genotype 8. probability 9. homologous chromosome 10. meiosis 11. sex chromosome 12. pedigree

2. Heredity The passing of traits from parents to offspring

3. Gregor Mendel - father of genetics

4. Traits Dominant traits - trait observed in the first generation when parents that have different traits are bred Recessive traits - a trait that reappears in the second generation after disappearing in the first generation when parents with different traits are bred

5. Summary Heredity is the passing of traits from parent to offspring. Gregor Mendel made carefully planned experiements using pea plants that could self-pollinate. When parents with different traits are bred, dominant traits are always present in the first generation. Recessive traits are not visible in the first generation but reappear in the second generation. Mendel found a 3:1 ratio of dominant-to- recessive traits in the second generation.

6. The Punnett Square Probability genes - one set of instructions for an inherited trait phenotype - an organism's appearance genotype - both inherited alleles together

7. Summary Instructions for an inherited trait are called genes. For each gene, there are two alleles, one from each parent. Both alleles make up an organism's genotype. Phenotype is an organism's appearance. Punnett squares show all possible offspring genotypes. Probability can be used to describe possible outcomes in offspring and the likelihood of each outcome. Incomplete dominance occurs when one allele is not completely dominant over the other allele. Some genes influence more than one trait.