Kentucky Training 2009 IECC Residential Provisions

Kentucky Training 2009 IECC Residential Provisions
Introductions Acknowledgements

Acknowledgements Kentucky Department for Energy Development and Independence Kentucky Department for Housing, Buildings and Construction Acknowledgement of KY DEDI/Energy Office as the primary funder for this training activity. KY Department of Housing and Building codes is a partner to DEDI

Acknowledgements Acknowledgement of KY DEDI/Energy Office as the primary funder for this training activity. KY Department of Housing and Building codes is a partner to DEDI This project funded by the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act, through the combined efforts of the following organizations: Kentucky Department for Energy Development and Independence, the U.S. Department of Energy, and the Kentucky Division of Housing and Building Codes

BCAP – Building Codes Assistance Project
Non-profit, based in D.C. since 1994 Formed as a joint project of the Alliance to Save Energy, the Natural Resources Defense Council, and the American Council for an Energy Efficient Economy Provide resources, education & advocacy assistance for adoption, implementation, & advancement of effective energy codes on behalf of the US Department of Energy and other funders Placeholder for presenting org. Use this slide to acknowledge partnership and role of training organization.

Speaker Intro, CV Speaker
Use this slide to add CV and introduce the trainer for this training event

Course Overview Introduction to Energy Codes Proposed 2009 IECC
State & National Goals Proposed 2009 IECC Residential Requirements Compliance Approaches 2009 IECC Residential Requirements Building Science Behind the Code Read from slide; the overview of the course

AIA/CES Credits (Commonwealth Cert. Instead?)
The Building Codes Assistance Project is a registered Provider with The American Institute of Architects Continuing Education Systems. Credit earned on completion of this program will be reported to CES Records for AIA members. Certificates of Completion for non-AIA members are available on request. This program is registered with the AIA/CES for continuing professional education. As such, it does not include content that may be deemed or construed to be an approval or endorsement by the AIA of any material of construction or any method or manner of handling, using, distributing, or dealing in any material or product. Questions related to specific materials, methods, and services will be addressed at the conclusion of this presentation. Summarize from Slide – This should come out for Online training May wish to add the DHBC or other state certification here as well. Delete language on Architects, add Building officials certification program RN

Learning Objectives Identifying the financial and environmental benefits of energy code adoption. Apply knowledge of energy code costs to dispel myths about the high price of energy codes to builders and homeowners. Identify five energy code requirements that are universal to each climate zone along with the energy code design variations by climate zone. Read From Slide Re-number #’s 4 & 8 left out RM

Learning Objectives Explain that compliance requirements of the energy code vary by climate zone. Identify the three compliance pathways for residential buildings outlined in the code and when to apply them. Explain the differences between each of the compliance pathways and how they relate to overall building design. Read From Slide

Learning Objectives Explain the importance of air sealing and how it improves energy efficiency. Explain the importance of duct tightness, insulation, placement, and design for increased energy. Explain the prescriptive requirements of the energy code. Identify the principles of air movement through the building envelope and how energy code requirements help prevent unintended air movement. Read From Slide

Learning Objectives Navigate the REScheck software to determine compliance with the 2009 IECC. Explain how the energy code affects design decisions for different building types. Explain how code provisions relate to new construction versus remodels and renovations. Impacts on HVAC /systems Read From Slide

Why do Energy Codes Matter?
So, let’s talk about the importance of energy codes

Environmental Impact of Buildings
19% Residential Computers: 1% Cooking: 5% Electronics: 7% Wet Clean: 5% Refrigeration: 8% Cooling: 12% Lights: 11% Water Heat: 12% Heating: 31% Other: 4% 13% Commercial Cooking: 2% Computers: 3% Refrigeration: 4% Office Equipment: 6% Ventilation: 6% Water Heat: 7% Cooling: 13% Heating: 14% Lights: 26% Other: 13% These are KY data The importance of buildings in addressing energy management and climate change cannot be emphasized enough. Go through the %s of energy used by buildings Note that Cooling heating and lights are the primary end uses of building energy. These are all areas impacted by the energy code. Energy codes are a “must-have.” They are low hanging fruit, but they are also complex and confusing and I’ll try to help you understand them so that you can determine how to make energy codes work for your community. One important point is that buildings are significant contributors to our global climate problem. They are responsible for 40% of CO2 emissions, on average, in cities across the nation. But, that only tells part of the story. 32% of total energy use in Kentucky 40% of total energy use in United States 70% of total US electricity consumption

VALUE of Energy Codes Affects ALL new buildings By 2020:
23.4 million new housing units Over 1 trillion sq feet commercial floor space By 2030: Over 41 million new housing units Over 2 trillion sq feet commercial floor space Source: EIA, Annual Energy Outlook 2008 Like was said in the previous slide, building energy use accounts for nearly 40% of total energy use in the U.S., 70% of total electricity consumption and about 40% of all CO2 emissions. As populations across the country continue to rise, buildings will continue to utilize the growing demand for energy. As you can see from this slide that means 41 million NEW houses by 2030 and over 2 trillion sq. feet of commercial floor space. Energy codes can play a critical part in reducing the energy consumption of these new buildings and securing our energy future.

VALUE of Energy Codes Plus - Establish a foundation
for ADVANCED energy and green programs: ENERGY STAR, LEED homes and commercial buildings, ASHRAE Standard 189 IgCC and ICC-700 Building America/ federal tax incentive Net-zero energy buildings As building energy codes are the “low hanging fruit” or the foundation of energy conservation for many buildings, the can lead to stronger energy conservation programs like those shown here. Brief explanation of these advanced building programs for those who might find them new. Energy star – EPA/DOE new home program that is roughly 15% more efficient than the energy code LEED – Has a number of certifications for advanced buildings with green features, usually uses the energy codes as a baseline for minimum energy efficiency, then goes 10-14% better or more, yielding “points” towards certification for higher efficiency ASHRAE Std 189 is the Standard for Commercial Green Buildings, also uses code plus for energy efficiency baseline. Written and maintained by ASHRAE. The International Green Const. code is written and administered by ICC, is a codified version green std. which uses the IECC and ASHRAE Commercial codes as baselines. Finally there are goals that US-DOE and other orgs are aiming for nationally that include zero energy buildings , and attaching new tax credits to buildings that exceed the IECC and ASHRAE model codes.

Also… Beyond code activities such as high performance buildings, advanced standards, and green building initiatives prepare the market so that it can handle more energy efficient requirements through codes. Constantly improving high performance building programs in turn prepare market for ramping up of energy codes

Buildings are critical to addressing energy and climate issues
Efficient buildings Avoid global climate change Reduce foreign oil dependency Reduce stress on power grid and natural gas supplies Improve air quality and public health Save consumers money Buildings - Significantly contribute to the global warming problem AND are big opportunity for more savings Responsible for ~40% of our energy in this country.

Why do Energy Codes Matter… For Kentucky?
Most importantly, and closer to home, why do they matter for the Commonwealth of Kentucky?

Kentucky’s Energy Code
2007 Kentucky Residential Code Based on 2006 IRC, with some modifications that weaken the energy code Ex: reduction of basement, crawl space, and duct insulation requirements, not longer need to seal recessed light features Applies to single family dwellings, two-family dwellings and townhouses 2007 Kentucky Building Code Covers commercial construction Based on 2006 IBC Energy efficiency portion of the IBC unaffected by amendments Currently, the energy codes are a bit outdated in Kentucky. The Residential energy code is basically the 2006 IRC, with amendments for lower levels of basement insulation. The Commercial energy code is based on the 2006 IBC, referencing the 2004 ASHRAE , which is now 6 years old. Sources: Please note that the 06 Residential Code comments must be modified after the 2009 IECC RM

Where Kentucky Stands KY SEO received > $62M in federal stimulus package for energy programs. To receive state funding Gov. Beshear certified that KY would implement or surpass the national model energy codes 2009 IECC and ASHRAE , with 90% compliance KY on it’s way with proposal review by Board of Housing Kentucky received over $62M in Recovery Act funding. The Recovery act required states to adopt the 2009 IECC and ASHRAE as condition for receiving the ARRA funding, and KY Gov. Beshear agreed to that condition, along with reaching 90% compliance of all buildings affested by the code by 2017 Source:

Code Improvements The 2009 IECC is at least 18% more efficient than KY’s current residential code Based on difference between 2006 and 2009 IECC Current residential code is less efficient than 2006 IECC ASHRAE is approx. 5.6% more efficient than KY’s current commercial code Estimate also based on 2006 IECC The 2009 IECC is about 18% more efficient than the current KY Residential code The KY commercial energy code is about 5.6% less efficient than the 2009 IECC/ASHRAE So, there is much room for improvement in building energy efficiency through codes in KY. Sources:

Potential Energy Savings
If Kentucky updates to the 2009 IECC and begins implementation by 2011… Homeowners will save $18 million each year by 2020, assuming constant 2006 energy prices Average energy bill savings: $336 per household The impacts by 2030 will be… $35 million each year in savings 5.5 trillion Btu of energy saved each year Over 387,000 metric tons of CO2 averted each year Homeowners can save – read from slide By 2030, KY could save – read from slide Sources:

Cost/Benefit of New Energy Code
The cost of upgrading to the latest model energy code is not prohibitive to households and new homebuyers Incremental Cost Energy Savings Simple payback $773.92 $336 per year, per home 2.3 years BCAP estimates that payback to homeowners for their investment in energy efficiency is less than 3 years These estimates are conservative and represent the upper bound on incremental cost When these costs are rolled into a 30 year mortgage, the payback becomes a matter of months A BCAP cost benefit analysis done n late 2010 shows that, conservatively, Kentucky homes might cost about $775 more to build, but homebuyers would save $336 a year in energy costs, Simple payback of any additonal cost would occur in 2.3 years. Most importantly, in a typical 30-year mortgage, homeowners would save on energy in the first month, and all others thereon! Source:

Energy Code: Not the Perfect Solution by Itself
Energy Codes are highly cost-effective, but to work they need: Training: Codes can be highly technical, and must be understood to be followed Enforcement: Buildings must be checked for compliance, an adequate number of code officials is needed for this to be effective So, energy codes can have an impact but need training and enforcement to have that impact. Source: Note: More about code enforcement can easily be added, but I didn’t want to make it too long.

What is the IECC? A Required Minimum Level of Energy Efficiency in New Residential and Commercial Construction So, let’s talk about the International Energy Conservation Code, the 2009 IECC The 2009 IECC contains energy provisions for both residential and commercial buildings.- effects additions alterations and repairs as well It is a minimum requirement for buildings, by law the worst you can do.

The International Family of Codes
Coordinated family of International Codes, INCLUDING IECC The IECC is part of a family of codes written and administered by the ICC, and adopted by most states nationwide. Because it is part of this family, it is coordinated with the other life health safety codes. The ICC Family of related codes

Structure of the IECC Chapter 1 Administrative Chapter 2 Definitions
Chapter 3 Climate Zones Chapter 4 Residential Energy Efficiency Chapter 5 Commercial Energy Efficiency Chapter Referenced Standards For Energy, the residential provisons are in chapter 4 *Read each chapter content fro slide In 2009 IECC the commercial chapter is now 5

IECC/IRC Interrelationship
IECC addresses only energy In Kentucky– IRC Chapter 11 references IECC for energy For Kentucky the IRC chapter 11 references the IECC for energy code requirements. So, the two documents are coordinated.

Kentucky - 2009 IECC Overview
Energy Code Update: Residential Provisions and Major Changes from the IECC/KY Energy Code Possible Implementation date: Late 2011/Early 2012 Effective date for KY energy code – the Construction Board is reviewing the energy proposal, and a target date for implementation is likely to be late 2011/early 2012 Today we will be sure to cover the major changes in the context of an overview of all the residential provisions Change effective proposed date to Fall of 2012 RM

What’s Different From IECC 2006?
Stringency – some key differences New requirements Building envelope tightness inspection/testing Duct testing Lighting equipment Pool controls and covers Snow melt controls Moisture control requirements moved to IRC – Vapor Retarders No mechanical trade-offs allowed New Code Requirements Overview of the major changes between the 2006 and 2009 IECC for KY. We will cover in detail in the presentation Read from the slide -

Energy Code Requirements
Mandatory Requirements (apply to all buildings): Duct insulation and sealing Infiltration control Temperature controls Pipe insulation Climate Specific Requirements: Roofs Above grade walls Skylights, windows, and doors Foundations - Basements, Slabs, Crawlspaces Kentucky is ALL Climate Zone 4 There are mandatory envelope requirements (design must meet these requirements regardless of location) which include infiltration control and duct construction, others listed Other envelope requirements such as insulation values and window efficiency are based on the climate zone of the project location. KY is all climate zone 4

Compliance Who Must Comply? Basic (mandatory?) Requirements
Prescriptive Package REScheck Software Basic (mandatory?) Requirements Insulation & Window Requirements Performance Let’s look at what buildings and projects must comply first Make note to audience that this is the compliance template and will be referenced throughout the PP to illustrate different compliance paths and mandatory requirements . RM Give references for compliance options under “who must Comply” and for each topic as it is discussed. RM Please give overview of compliance paths and summarize each box in an introductory format. RM Change “Basic Requirements” to mandatory requirements if that is the intent and revise for all slides. RM

Scope and General Requirements - 101
Residential Buildings that must comply: IRC only for single-family, duplex, and townhouses IECC has all low-rise (1-3 stories) houses, condos, and apartments [R-2, R-3, R-4], but not hotels/motels [R-1] All buildings that are not “residential” by definition are “commercial” In order to determine what buildings and projects must comply, we consider the scope first. Most importantly, Residential buildings are defined by IECC as: R2,R3, and R4 building types R-2 is occupancies containing more than 2 dwelling units where the occupants are primarily permanent in nature, including apartments, boarding houses, dormitories, etc (but not hotels/motels). R-3 includes one- and two-family dwellings. R-4 includes residential care and assisted living facilities. *note that hotels/motels are NOT included. When does the IECC apply? Newly conditioned space New construction in existing buildings Alterations to existing spaces Additions Mixed use buildings Change in occupancy – if it increases energy use or unconditioned > Conditioned Change Section number in title block to 401.1, add reference to definition under the IECC R-2, R stories etc to indicate where you are getting the information. RM

What Buildings Must Comply?
Residential buildings designated as R-2, R-3, or R-4 buildings three stories or less in height above grade. Perhaps Simpler, Easier to Understand… All detached, semidetached, and attached structures, including single and multifamily structures up to three stories So, to summarize what buildings must comply; Read slide Bottom description is easiest to remember. Add sections to indicate where the information is coming from ie ch. 2 definitions. RM

Applicability/Exceptions – 101.4
Very low energy use buildings (<3.4 Btu/h-ft2 or 1 watt/ft2) for space conditioning (Section ) Buildings (or portions of) that are neither heated nor cooled Low energy use buildings are exempt Buildings o Federal, state or local historic registers are exempt Regardless of this exempt status, lighting and service water heating shall meet the applicable provisions….. Many code enforcement jurisdictions require that building owners sign an affidavit when applying for the initial building permit for a shell building. The owner acknowledges in the affidavit the potential difficulties associated with postponing envelope and lighting compliance. To minimize these difficulties, permit applicants should demonstrate compliance when each system is installed. Examples include adding a conditioned office area to an existing unconditioned warehouse. The building envelope would need to be brought into compliance. This could be done by adding insulation decreasing or changing out the windows reducing the lighting levels if to lighting levels did not meet code Buildings designated as historic (Section )

Additions, Alterations, Renovations, Repairs – 101.4
Code Requirements Changes Conform as relates to new construction Unaltered portion(s) do not need to comply Additions can comply alone or in combination with existing building Exceptions Storm windows over existing fenestration Glass only replacements Exposed, existing ceiling, wall or floor cavities already filled with insulation Where existing roof, wall or floor cavity isn’t exposed Reroofing for roofs where neither sheathing nor insulation exposed Existing building work on existing buildings must also comply as follows in the liost form the slide; Slide ARRA requires 90% compliance in additions/alterations too

Change in Occupancy – No action is required if alterations are not made to the building systems Mel’s Diner Kurt’s Five & Dime The IECC requirements generally do not apply to occupancy changes alone. However, if physical changes are made to the building, the rules for alterations or additions may apply. Your code enforcement official will need to evaluate these changes on a case-by-case basis to determine energy requirements.

Mixed Use Buildings – 101.4.6 Mixed occupancies
Treat the residential occupancy under the applicable residential code Treat the commercial occupancy under the commercial code The residential and commercial occupancies fall under two different scopes. Thus, two compliance submittals must be prepared using the appropriate calculations and forms from the respective codes for each. Buildings > 4 stories are considered commercial buildings, therefore are NOT covered by the residential provisions of the IECC For mixed occupancy OVER 3 stories, you would use the Commercial codes for compliance.

Definitions 202 Conditioned Space: The part of the building that is designed to be thermally conditioned for the comfort of occupants or for other occupancies or for other reasons. Building Envelope: The area that separates conditioned space from unconditioned space or the outdoors. These are two very important definitions, since much of the IECC and its requirements pertain to conditioned space and the building envelope enclosing it. Read FROM SLIDE.

Definitions - Others Air Barrier Water Resistive Building Thermal envelope C-Factor Commercial Building vs. Residential Fenestration F-Factor R-Value Service Water Heating SHGC U-Factor These are two very important definitions, since much of the IECC and its requirements pertain to conditioned space and the building envelope enclosing it. Read FROM SLIDE. Actual define each word on PP and discuss how they are a part of energy compliance. The future slides that show R-Value and U- factor shall follow the actual definition. RM

Conditioned Space/Building Envelope
Outdoors Conditioned Space Requirements of the energy codes include building envelope. The illustration can be used to define building envelope. Conditioned space – Heated over 68 degrees and cooled to 85 degrees and below Positive heat/cooling supplied. (What does this mean Mike. RM) Here the presenter could point out the flat ceiling, walls, kneewalls, and such elements of the building envelope.

Building Envelope consists of:
Fenestration Windows, doors, skylights Ceilings Walls Above grade Below grade Mass walls Floors Slab Crawl space Conditioned space attic Again, many of the IECC requirements for residential buildings are for the Building Envelope The Building Envelope separates conditioned space from the outdoors and unconditioned spaces such as attics and garages

The Building Envelope Can Be Deceiving
Sometimes the envelope not easy to understand. What is wall, basement wall, slab, etc. Walk through this built-over garage example. Discuss various envelope elements here Walls of stairway? Treated as exterior wall, or basement? It includes floor over unconditioned space, and wall area. Mention that in a garage you need to deal with insulating the stairwell between conditioned and unconditioned space

R-Value R-30 R-19 R-11 Higher R-value = Better Insulated
A Material Specification R-value Applies to: All Walls Raised Floors Roofs R-30 R-19 R-11 R-values are used to rate insulation and is a measurement of a material’s resistance to heat flow. Higher the R-value, the better the insulation. Move slide to follow actual definition of R-value. RM

U-Factor Lower U-factor = Better Insulated Associated with Assemblies
U-factor applies to: Windows Skylights Doors U=1/R Includes air films Single Pane U ~ 1.05 Double Pane U ~ 0.50 Double Pane Low-E Film U ~ 0.35 Conversely U-values are used to rate windows, doors, and skylights. U-value = 1 R-value Lower the U-value the better the efficiency. Move slide to follow actual definition of U-value. RM

Compliance Who Must Comply? Mandatory Requirements Insulation & Window
Prescriptive Package REScheck Software Mandatory Requirements Insulation & Window Requirements Performance Transition – Let’s take a look at the basic Mandatory Requirements of all residential buildings and additions/alterations next These are the requirements that all buildings must meet, regardless of climate zone Change “Basic Requirements” to mandatory requirements if that is the intent and revise for all slides. RM

Materials and Equipment Information
Basic/Mandatory Requirements Materials and Equipment Information Material and Equipment throughout the building should be easily identifiable by the building inspector and homeowner. This includes R-Values, U-Factors, and equipment identification on all mechanical equipment. Basic/Mandatory Requirements – These requirements are interspersed throughout the code including in Chapter 4 “ADD” Check with local building officials to ask what they require , but the following is a guideline to the information that needs to be submitted. RM Identify Items which are required to be on plans – Note that all of the energy-related items should be called out on the plans by either identifying the features on the drawings or in plan notes. An “energy sheet” that brings together all the energy features including envelope details, window specs and other specs is a good idea It is easy to copy compliance worksheets , checklists and other data onto the “energy sheet’ as well. Kentucky Building Plans

Material Identification (303.1)
ie..Insulation Identification A certificate of insulation such as this provides the inspector and others detailed information on insulation products and materials installed on-site. This is essential for loose-fill insulation Nice consumer awareness tool as well. Keep Title block as “Material Identification 303.1”, below indicate “Insulation Identification”

NFRC Window Information – 303.1.3
The NFRC label is required by the IECC - Check the proposed u-values or windows, doors, and skylights on the plans against the labels posted on the products. Mention default table if not NFRC labeled. More on that later not the requirement, but how to read the label Keep Title block as “Material Identification 303.1”, below indicate “Window Identification”

Material Identification – 303.1.1.1
Blown in attic floor insulation must have a depth marker for every 300 sq ft Attic rulers for loose fill insulation, insulation labeling is required. R-value identification mark must be on all batt insulation wider than 12”

Mandatory Requirements
Compliance Who Must Comply? Prescriptive Packages REScheck Software Mandatory Requirements Compliance Paths Performance Now let's get into the actual envelope compliance paths, starting with Prescriptive

Climate Zones—2009 IECC Kentucky – All CZ - 4
As we mentioned before - Kentucky is all Climate Zone 4 throughout, and is in a warm/humid climate type. Kentucky – All CZ - 4

Prescriptive Packages
Section 402 U-factor R-value requirements based upon: Climate Zone Building component (ceilings, walls, floors, windows, doors) Does allow some area-weighting (windows) Footnotes Key No Window ft2 calcs, ONE Table Also includes Mandatory requirements Insulation requirements for the components are based on heating degree days and the type of component for Chapter 4 – Prescriptive They are covered in Section 402 This section also includes the basic, mandatory requirements.

Prescriptive Requirements – Table 402.1.1
Walk through Prescriptive Requirements for Climate Zone 4 on the table

Code Comparison KY Energy Code vs. 2009 IECC
Kentucky’s current code and the 2009 IECC aren’t so different: FENESTRATION U-Factor SKYLIGHT U-FACTOR GLAZED FENESTRATION SHGC CEILING R-VALUE WOOD FRAME WALL R-VALUE MASS WALL R-VALUE FLOOR BASEMENT WALL SLAB R-VALUE AND DEPTH CRAWL SPACE WALL Kentucky Residential Code .40 .60 NR 38 13 5/10 19 4 4, 2 10/13 2009 IECC (Climate Zone 4) .35 10, 2 This is a comparison table of the current KY code with lower R-values for basement and slab edge. Go over the values in the table to show differences.

Alternative U-Factor – Table 403.1.3
There is also an Alternative U-value table that can be used to hand-calculate compliance. For practical purposes, one would rarely see this table used, because the REScheck software that will be introduced later is far simpler., and is free to users. We will cover REScheck later. Where is a good resource for assemblies to determine what the U-values are ie typical construction standard stick frame, metal frame, concrete block…etc…RM Change table number to RM *Most Relevant for Use by REScheck Software

Prescriptive Special Cases – 402.2
Glass- 15ft2 may be excepted – decorative, etc. One Single side hinged door < 24ft2 Attic insulation when full height over exterior walls- RAISED HEEL OR OVERSIZED TRUSS R-38  R-30 for KY Attic insulation with undersized rafters to allow R-38 in a CATHEDRAL CEILING allows: R-30 for cathedral ceilings if: <500ft2 of total area, or: <20% of total roof area Special Cases for the Prescriptive requirements include – read from slide Give specific code sections for glass, & door, exterior walls, revise “excepted” in slide to “exempted” Eliminate “for KY” on slide

Insulation Installation
Right Wrong Electrical Boxes “Cut-To-Fit!” Right Wrong For Wiring Insulation installation is also key While this is a bit objective, code officials should help assure that insulation is properly installed to Mfrs specs. Let’s look at the most prevalent wall insulation, fiberglass batt, and how too install properly Many homes are insulated with batt insulation Batt insulation needs to be properly fitted so that it contacts the wall cavity on all 6 sides, interfacing with the air barrier that will be discussed shortly.

Note – this electrical BOX NOT properly cut around and fit by batt installaiton.

Same – major insulation gap, boxes not cut around, batts not touching all sides evenly and major gapos and voids present.

Also poor quality install – insulation batts just stuffed n cavity, losing full loft and insulation integrity

NO GAPS! Look for potential gaps/ missing insulation like this batt cut too short.

Insulation Installation – Nice Jobs!
Much cleaner installation with few gaps

Insulation Voids Insulation R-Value % of air voids in cavity
Let’s look at the impact such voids and poor insulation installation can have; From the graph, just 5% voids which we easily saw in the previous photos, can have a very negative impact The R-19 dips to almost half the R-value at 5% void levels % of air voids in cavity

Insulation Installation (Video)
Placeholder - Add Wall insulation video to break it up? For each video summarize here in the notes the content of video. RM

Knee Wall Insulation Discuss kneewall, air sealing, etc.
It is very important that in kneewalls, an air barrier be established behind the wall insulation, to assure thermal and air barriers are aligned. Not shown here, but boardstock insulation or wallboard could be used.

Attic Insulation (Video)
Also show proper loose-fill insulation with no breaks, etc.? For each video summarize here in the notes the content of video. RM

Attic Hatches - 402.2.3 Attic Hatches
Air Sealed Same Insulation level as floors around them Vertical “Hatches” (in Kneewalls) Also Air Sealed and insulation equal to WALL insulation level. A new requirement in the 2009 IECC - Hatches R-value must be sealed and insulted to match surrounding insulation

Fenestration- Definition
Skylights, roof windows, vertical windows, opaque doors, glazed block and combination opaque/glazed doors. Fenestration is defined as…read slide Use this slide again under the definition section of this PP. RM

Windows, Glazed Doors and Skylights – 402.3
U-factor Requirements: Rating for all Manufactured Fenestration; or Tables (1-3): U-factor Default Tables for Windows, Doors and Skylights Again, widows must be NFRC labeled, or the default table and values must be used Previous KY code had amendments KY Energy Code WAS U-.40,

Fenestration (Windows, Doors)
An area weighted average of fenestration can be used to satisfy the U-factor requirements Area-weighted average U-factor is subject to hard limits, even in trade-offs NFRC rated and certified Replacement Windows – U-.35 There are exemptions for some windows, and an area-weighted average may be used to accommodate a few widows that are less efficient than others. Area-weighted means you can do a calculation to average the total U-values for the whole house, and some values lower than the U value required can be averaged in as long the total averages less than U-.35 Remember - 15 sq. ft. of window can be exempted as well

Windows – U-Factors Limits - 405
Strict limits on U-factor in central/northern U.S. (cannot be traded off) U-0.75 for skylights in Zones 4-8 These are based on building average; individual windows or skylights can be worse if area-weighted average meets these requirements Impacts the REScheck and Performance Paths No matter what, you cannot use widow U-values less than .48 overall, no matter what path Including Performance Path – cannot trade off below this value Revise Section number to RM

Roof/Ceiling – R- Value Requirements based on insulation framing between or above cavity Meet or exceed R-values Roof insulation in buildings with attics must be installed to allow for free circulation of air through the attic eave vents. R-values for roofs represent either cavity insulation (between framing) or insulating sheathing (continuous insulation) or even continuous batts laid over the back of ceiling members.. Remember – Attic hatches must be insulated to the same level as the attic itself. Also make sure that weatherstripping has been installed around the hatch door to reduce infiltration. Easy to miss… Rim/Band Joist

Standard Roof Truss Cold corners contribute to condensation and mold growth Potential for ice dam formations Ceiling insulation code requirements assume standard truss systems Ceiling requirements in the prescriptive requirements of Chapter 4 assume standard trusses. Typically, when blowing in insulation into a standard roof truss system, the insulation will taper as it reaches the exterior wall plate lines. This is due to the slope of the truss and also the baffle that directs ventilation air up and over the insulation from the eave vents. The R-value listed in the Prescriptive Building Envelope table assume a standard roof truss system, but credit can be taken if insulation is allowed to be installed full height over the exterior wall plate line. The credit is in a reduced insulation R-value. The use of standard truss systems can cause cold corners and also contribute to ice dam formations. For KY CZ 4, R-38 can be reduced to R-30 if this approach is used.

Raised Heel Truss Raised Heel/Energy Truss credit if insulation is full height over exterior wall The Prescriptive Specification allows the substitution of an R-30 insulation, if the code requires an R-38 such as in KY Climate Zone 4 Again the insulation must be installed full height over the exterior wall plate line. This can be accomplished by either using an oversized truss, a raised heel truss, or by installing insulation with a higher R-value per inch thickness such as rigid board insulation. Typically fiberglass batt insulation can be installed over the exterior wall plate line to the desired R-value and the remaining attic can utilize blown-in insulation. Ceilings without attic spaces – design of the roof/ceiling assembly that does not allow sufficient space for the required insulation - the minimum required insulation for these assemblies shall be R30 - BUT is limited to 500 square feet of ceiling area. Cathedral Ceilings

Don’t forget to insulate rim/band joists
Above Grade Walls - 402 Insulate walls including those next to unconditioned spaces Insulation should not be compressed behind the wiring or plumbing; this reduces the R-value of insulation Be sure the insulation has filled the entire cavity, Batts that are cut too short will leave voids. For continuous insulation make sure there are no voids and the insulation is well bonded to the outside framing. Perimeter rim/band joists between floors must be insulated to WALL R-value While not a requirement, in some climates it is important to insulate exterior corners and on or in headers over doors and windows to eliminate heat transfer through the surfaces. Don’t forget to insulate rim/band joists

Mass Wall Insulation – 402.2.4 R- 5 if on exterior for Climate Zone 4;
What type Concrete block, concrete, insulated concrete form (ICF), masonry cavity, brick (other than brick veneer), earth, and solid timber/logs Provisions If 50% or more of the insulation R-value is on the exterior or integral to the wall, the smaller R-value can be used R- 5 if on exterior for Climate Zone 4; R-10 if more than half R-value is interior Read the slide, requirement is R-5 if the insulation is on the exterior, R-10 if more than half the R-value is on the exterior of the wall. Photo Courtesy of Kanuf Insulation

Steel-frame Equivalency Tables 402.2.5
Wood Frame R-value Cold-Formed Steel Equivalent R-value Steel Truss Ceilings R-30 R-38 or R or R R-38 R-49 or R R-49 R Steel Joist Ceilings R-38 in 2x4, 2x6, or 2x8 R-49 any framing R-49 2x4, 2x6, 2x8, or 2x10 Steel Framed Wall R-13 R or R-15 +4, or R-21 +3 R-19 R or R or R-25 +7 R-21 R or R or R-25 +8 Steel Joist Floor R-19, 2x6 R in 2x8 or 2x10 R-19 +6, 2x6 R in 2x8 or 2x10 Steel-frame Equivalency Tables Slide Steel framed assemblies shall meet the insulation requirements in the table OR The U-factor requirements in the U-factor table for Frame Walls and use a series-parallel path calculation method. Metal framing provides a f=greater heat loss path for heat transmission than wood stud wall construction. Photo Courtesy of Kanuf Insulation

Basement Walls – 402.2.7 > 50% below grade
Zone 4: R10 (continuous) or R13 (cavity) IN KY: Currently R-4 2’ Down f/Grade Read slide for IECC proposed requirement In KY, this is currently R-4 down 2’ below grade Where 50% or more of a wall assembly is below grade (based on exterior surface area), the below-grade wall requirement from the Envelope Requirements may be used for the entire assembly. Below-grade wall insulation must extend from the top of the basement down to 10 feet below grade or to the basement floor, whichever is less. Walls associated with unconditioned basements must meet the requirements unless the floor above the basement is insulated accordingly.

Basement Walls Above Grade per Basement Wall Definition
Grade Line 4’ Below Grade Wall 49% 51% 51% 49% To be considered a basement wall, the average gross wall area (including openings) must be at least 50% below grade. Each wall must be considered separately. Above Grade Wall Above Grade per Basement Wall Definition

Basement Walls – Good Job
Interior Studding Exterior Foam Can be done inside or out, outline various methods Advantages and disadvantages to both – explain On exterior, the insulation can be more continuous and part of the drainage plan, but needs to be covered for protection above grade. On the inside you lose the benefit of the thermal mass of the all, but it leads to easier finishing of the wall. Make this 2 slides and enlarge pictures. RM

Basement Walls – Weak Job
Can be done inside or out, outline various methods Weak jobs here, with boardstock applied very loosely behind studding on right, and unfaced batts poorly installed in stud bays on left Make this 2 slides and enlarge pictures. RM, Is the one on the right foam?

Floors – Insulation must maintain permanent contact with underside of subfloor Example of poor insulation job Space can be an unheated basement, a crawlspace or outdoor air Zone 4: R19 F This is a pretty weak installation job floor over unconditioned space like over crawlspace or unheated garage must be R-19

Crawlspaces Crawlspaces can either be conditioned – by insulting the walls, conditioning, and not venting to the exterior and adding floor vapor barrier. Or this can be unconditioned, and floor over the space can be insulated, as in last slide. Conditioning crawlspaces is showing up as the preferred method in KY; talk about advantages.

Crawlspaces – Weak Job This is a weak insulation in a unconditioned crawlspace. Many gaps, vapor retarder (not required in Kentucky) installed wrong side down and not in contact with floor above As before, crawlspaces can be unconditioned, and floor over the space can be insulated, as in this slide. Conditioning crawlspaces is showing up as the preferred method in KY; talk about advantages.

Crawlspaces – Nice Job This is a better insulation job in a unconditioned crawlspace. Minimal gaps, insulation supported properly

Crawlspace Wall Insulation
Crawl Wall Insulation: This practice eliminates the need for insulation in the raised floor above the crawl. Crawl space may not have ventilation openings to the outside Must be mechanically ventilated or supplied with conditioned air (1cfm/50 sq.ft) Crawl floor must be covered with an approved vapor retarder material If mechanically ventilated, the crawl must be ventilated at 1 cfm per 50 sq. ft. Where the inside ground surface is 12 inches or greater below the outside finish ground level, insulation shall extend from the top of the wall to at least the inside ground surface. Where the inside ground surface is less than 12 inches below the outside finish ground level or the vertical wall insulation stops less than 12 inches below the outside grade, the insulation must extend vertically and horizontally a minimum of 24 linear inches from the outside grade level. Compare the R-value of the installed insulation against the plans. If the insulation is to be installed as part of the foundation form, the R-value should be verified prior to pouring the concrete. Ask for manufacturer’s literature if R-value is not printed on the insulation. Make sure the insulation is securely fastened to the foundation wall.

Crawlspace Wall Insulation – 402.2.9
When crawlspace walls are insulated, foundation vents are not required. Space should be mechanically vented or conditioned. R-10/13 like Basement Installing insulation on the inside surface of the foundation stemwall is common practice in many cold locations in the country. This practice eliminates the need to install insulation in the raised floor over the crawlspace. There are a few criteria that must be met in order to use this insulation method: The crawlspace may not have ventilation openings that communicate directly with outside air The crawlspace must be mechanically ventilated or supplied with conditioned air The crawlspace floor must be covered with an approved vapor retarder material. The IRC allows the construction of unventilated crawlspaces. To meet the requirements the crawlspace walls must be insulated to the R-value specified in the energy code. The crawlspace must either be provided with conditioned air or with mechanical ventilation. The code does not specify the quantity of conditioned air to supply the crawlspace. If mechanical ventilation is selected, the crawlspace must be ventilated at 1 CFM per 50 square feet. The ground surface must also be covered with an approved vapor retarder material. To eliminate moisture from the crawlspace the sill plate and perimeter joist must be sealed. Also, while not a code requirement, all joints in the vapor retarder should be overlapped and taped. This includes the connection between the vapor retarder and crawlspace wall. The code requires the crawl space wall insulation to extend from the top of the wall to the inside finished grade. If the inside grade is less than 12 inches (305 mm) below the outside finished grade or the vertical wall insulation stops less than 12 Nice Job!

Crawl Space Wall Insulation
Here you see the crawlspace walls insulated with spray-on cellulose.

Is Venting This a Good Idea?
Briefly discuss why venting is likely a bad idea – venting often bring MORE wet air and moisture I, causing greater problems than when not vented and conditioned.

Are vents helping? Venting often is what leads to wet crawlspaces, leading to moisture problems in homes. Remember when we looked at that house with the damage form leaky disct; the water came from damp crawl area. Describe the problems in pictures RM

Crawlspaces To Vent, or NOT to Vent Best Practice
Bunch of Stuff The BEST you can do with a crawlspace; almost NO MATTER where you build it Elaborate more on the slide notes to what is being illustrated in Picture. RM

EEBA Builders Guide Building Science Corp.
Mention the source. Review the details of importance. Discuss the reason for the termite inspection gap. Grade slope. Elaborate more on the slide notes to what is being illustrated in Picture and where is the code section for termite gap. RM

Slab Edge Insulation – R-10 (typically 2 inches) insulation in Zone 4; Currently R-4 in KY Downward from top of slab a minimum of 24” Insulation can be vertical or extend horizontally under the slab or out from the building (must be under 10 inches of soil), Can be angled at edge of slab Slab-edge insulation may be installed vertically or horizontally on the inside or outside of foundation walls. If installed vertically, it must extend downward from the top of the slab to the top of the footing. If installed horizontally, it must cover the slab edge and then extend horizontally (to the interior or exterior). Benefits of slab edge insulation; comfort, moisture mitigation, etc. KY Amendments were R-4 Slab edge floors with a floor surface < 12” below grade.

Slab Edge Insulation Good Job!! This is an example of a good job!
The top edge of the insulation installed between the exterior wall and the edge of the interior slab shall be permitted to be cut at a 45 degree angle away from the exterior wall. This is an example of insulation cut at a 45-degree bevel cut this is a way to avoid bringing the insulation to the top of the slab edge so a carpet tack strip can be attached.

Slab Edge Insulation – Weak Job
This is an example of the heat loss from a slab when there is poor or non-existent slab edge insulation. Note the bright area along the slab edge, signifying extreme heat loss. Any way of adding the normal picture as a Side by side comparison, otherwise I get lost in this Picture. RM

Sunrooms – 402.3.5 Changed Code Requirements Less stringent insulation
R-value and glazing U-factor requirements Sunroom definition: Glazing area >40% glazing of gross exterior wall and roof area Separate heating or cooling system or zone Must be thermally isolated (closeable doors or windows to the rest of the house) Sunroom: a one-story structure attached to a dwelling with a glazing area in excess of 40 percent of the gross area of the structure’s exterior walls and roof. New wall(s) separating a sunroom from conditioned space shall meet the building thermal envelope requirements. This is prescriptive requirements and the SHGC requirements are still applicable but not less stringent regardless of whether it is a sunroom or not.

Sunroom Requirements – 402.3.5
Ceiling Insulation Zones 4 R-19 Wall Insulation Zone 4 R-13 Fenestration Maximum U-Factor Zone Skylight Maximum U-Factor Zone Self-explanatory Sunroom requirements – read slide New walls and new windows and doors separating a sunroom from the Conditioned space must meet the thermal envelope requirements.

Where Is Energy Lost? This graph shows typical major sources of heat/cooling loss and energy costs in homes. Create 2 slides to have a bigger picture to see the items below each picture. RM

Basic/Mandatory Requirements
Air Leakage – 402.4 Air leakage, or infiltration, occurs when outside air enters a house uncontrollably through cracks and openings. Properly air sealing such cracks and openings in your home can significantly reduce heating and cooling costs, improve building durability, and create a healthier indoor environment. The Air Leakage control requirements are the first and one of the most important basic and Mandatory requirements. It is a key requirement with new emphasis on the 2009 Building Plans

Areas for Air Leakage (Infiltration)
Windows and doors Between sole plates Floors and exterior wall panels Plumbing Electrical Service access doors or hatches Recessed lightfixtures Access hatches and doors There have been significant changes as to what potential air leakage points should be sealed , but the quality of the seal is objective – unless one chooses not to follow the checklist. There are several places where air leakage can occur: Run down examples Site-built windows, doors, and skylights Openings between window and door assemblies and their respective jambs and framing Utility penetrations Dropped ceilings or chases adjacent to the thermal envelope Knee walls Behind stairwells on exterior walls Walls and ceilings separating a garage from conditioned spaces Behind tubs and showers on exterior walls Common walls between dwelling units Attic access hatches

Air Leakage Windwashing- air movement within the wall cavity that reduces the installed R-value. Air leakage is particularly bad because it can cause Windwashing of insulation and its thermal degradation. Windwashing and air infiltration increases the rate of heat transfer, rendering insulation with low resistance to air movement much less effective.. 102

Air Leakage Effects of Windwashing
Reduces insulation's effectiveness/installed R-value Reduces overall comfort Places unnecessary stress on HVAC system Increases energy consumption Introduces moisture to unwanted areas Can cause building/space depressurization, backdrafting Self-explanatory – wind washing impacts – read slide

Effect of Air Movement on Installed R-Value
14 12 10 8 6 4 2 Effective R-Value of wall without proper air sealing Wall System Installed R-Value (°F x sq.ft. x h/BTU) This shows how much impact wind washing can have on insulation effectiveness. Show that a 5mph wind can reduce insulating value to less than R-8 from 15 in this test case Wind Speed (M.P.H.) *Test data by Holimetrix. ASTM E283,ASTM E1424,C976

Air Leakage Control Point out some areas needing air sealing; all utility penetrations like plumbing pipes and vents.

Air Leakage Control Right: Expanding foam used to seal an electrical penetration at the top plate. Left: Expanding foam used to seal the bathtub drain opening. ASTM 184 for fire rated caulk, sealants, foam *Must be tested to ASTM for use in fire-rated assemblies

Chimney Chases Chimney chases are often huge air leakage areas

Chimney Chase Air Sealing
Flashing, caulk (possibly fire rated) at each side See IRC Rock wool with heavy duty aluminum foil rolled around it -- Caulk to chimney and framing And those leaks can be sealed easily, In many ways; Seal a masonry chimney; Flashing – much as if it was exterior application Sealant Non-combustible materials and clearances essential.

Duct Penetrations… HVAC ductwork needs to be sealed when passing thru envelope.

Plumbing Services… Bath service has many potential areas for leaks – explain Vent, plumbing, area behind tubs, etc.

Bath Plumbing Penetrations
Bath drain and supply - Sealed!

Overhang/cantilever Air Sealing
blocking conditioned unconditioned (e.g. - garage, balcony) This shows sealing areas of overhang window framing that often get overlooked for air sealing and insulation

Seal Foundation Penetrations!
Foundations! Seal Foundation Penetrations! Foundations, Rim/Band Joist, and all service penetrations need sealing above grade and below grade too!

Air Barrier and Insulation Inspection Table/Checklist – 402.4.2
New Code Requirement This is the new Air Sealing/insulation Inspection Table and checklist with handouts that give much more guidance; Go over highlights; this is key, because it must be used in an inspection option for air leakage OR the house must be blower door tested. Big improvement in terms of explaining need to align air/thermal barrier, and less ambiguous in terms of the “big homes”

Comply with Air Barrier and Insulation Inspection Checklist OR…..
This is the air leakage checklist that was added to the resource materials if KY chooses to use it. BCAP developed this, ue it, improve it or whatever is chosen. Add slide note to guide instructor to make copies of this checklist to distribute in class. RM

OR…A Blower Door Test New Code Requirement
Blower Door Test Depressurizes the House to Measure the Over-all Air Leakage Rate When tested, the tightness must be at or below 7 Air Changes per Hour at a 50 Pa pressure difference Air Leakage can account for a major amount of home heat loss, and lead to other performance problems Formula: ACH50=CFM50*60/Volume We have learned much about the bog holes and where the air leaks are in homes from Blower Door diagnostics. Who conducts this test? RESNER HERS Raters and BPI certified techs are qualified, and both exist in KY Explain how the Blower door works. Show video if possible New Code Requirement

Air Infiltration We have learned much over the years from the “Blower Door Test” Air Leakage Can Be More Than a Third of the Total Heat Loss in a Conventionally Built Home Show the leakage points An Important ENERGY STAR® label Homes Requirement is an Air Tightness Test or Blower Door Test

Fireplaces – 404.4.3 New Code Requirement
New wood-burning fireplaces shall have gasketed doors and outdoor combustion air. New Code Requirement New fireplace requirements Must have gasketed doors and combustion air supply Revise code section to RM

Recessed Lighting Fixtures – 402.4.5
Type IC rated, and labeled with no penetrations between the inside of the recessed fixture and ceiling cavity (sealed and caulked) Sealed with a gasket or caulk between housing and wall or ceiling covering Type IC rated, in accordance with ASTM E 283 to be an “Air-Tight”enclosure When installed in the building envelope, recessed lighting fixtures shall meet all these requirements – read from slide. IC means “insulated contact.” Another designation label you might encounter is Air-Lok. 2006 allowed used of sealed fixture, or to enclose in a fire-proof box and seal – so this is a small change for KY.

Basic Requirements NOW IN IRC!! N/A for CZ4 - KY Building Plans
Vapor Retarder A vapor barrier or vapor diffusion retarder (VDR) is a material that reduces the rate at which water vapor can move through a material. NOW IN IRC!! N/A for CZ4 - KY Vapor Retarder actually moved to the IRC Still worth discussing, and reasons why we don’t want to see polyethylene , especially in Mixed Humid climate with A/C This slide and reference to the IRC is the 2009 IRC and Kentucky has not adopted that standard, it used to be in of the 2006 IRC as “Moisture Control”, but because of the KY code change we eliminated most of Ch. 11 to reference the Ch. 4 of the 2009 IECC, so in essence it has gone away. RM Keep it in PP but compare and contrast this old requirement of “Moisture Control” to the Exterior wall Coverings of Section R703, 2006 IRC, so people understand the differences. Plus indicate that they changed the term in 2006 form “Moisture Control:” to “Vapor Retarders” in 2009 Building Plans

No longer a requirement in the IECC
Vapor Retarders No longer a requirement of the IECC – in IRC NOT required in Climate Zone 4 Siding Sheathing Studs & Insulation Vapor Retarder Vapor Sheet Rock Now moved to IRC HOWEVER; No longer required in C 4, Kentucky! REVISE AS INDICATED IN PREVIOUS SLIDE RM Zone 1-4 Exempt Zones 5-8 Have exceptions (see IRC Chapter 6, IBC Chapter 14) Change In Code Requirement

Vapor Retarders Another Example: Kraft-Faced Insulation
One Example: Poly Vapor Retarder (probably a bad idea in any climate) Another Example: Kraft-Faced Insulation Tell them what we discovered happens with Vapor Barrier in Mixed/Humid climates Poly is bad, doesn’t allow drying to the inside, which prevails in Zone 4 in Summer Kraft facing is OK, because it is more vapor permeable, and does allow drying to the inside.

Why – Diffusion vs. Air Movement
The reason why it is not such an important issue regardless; we have discovered that air leakage was the biggest source of water/watervapor Figure from the BFGs, it’s Fig III.4 in the cold climate guide. And this is for a very vapor permeable material, about perms. EEBA BFG .

Crawl Floor Vapor Barrier
Sealing the vapor barrier – crawl space floor where it IS required by IRC; More later when we talk about crawlspaces. Class I Vapor retarder – 0.1 Perm or less

Vapor Diffusion This is a rain screen behind masonry.
Explain that masonry is a water “sink”, and the vapor drives around its drying. Key to have a space and proper flashing Give code reference for this or what is the building science behind this slide. Please explain intent of slide. RM

Basic/Mandatory Requirements
Ducts – 403.2 In new home construction or in retrofits, proper duct system design is critical. In recent years, energy-saving designs have sought to include ducts and heating systems in the conditioned space Now lets; talk about basic Mandatory requirements for Ductwork Building Plans

HVAC Duct Insulation Flex duct R-value is labeled on duct;
Duct wrap insulation has R-value on the material itself.

Ducts – 403.2.1 Changed Code Requirement Insulation
Supply and Return Ducts outside the building envelope shall be insulated to R-8 in attics – everywhere else R-6 Building framing cavities shall not be used as supply ducts (return ducts still OK- but not recommended) R- 8 for all ducts outside envelope R-6 allowed if in floor joists that simply don’t allow the room for R-8 No Trade offs allowed for duct insulation. Exception: - ducts completely inside the building envelope Building framing cavities shall not be used as supply ducts. 07 KRC allows R-4 everywhere.

Duct Sealing – Seal all ducts, air handlers, filter boxes, and building cavities used as ducts. Seal and securely fasten all joints, transverse seams and connections with: welds gaskets mastics mastic-plus-embedded fabric systems tapes Unlisted duct tape is not permitted as a sealant on any metal ducts – must be UL-181 A/B listed –per IRC Tapes and mastics used to seal ductwork shall be listed and labeled in accordance with UL 181 A or UL 181 B. Properly sealing ducts will ensure that the occupied spaces receive the correct amount of space conditioning and that the attic or crawlspace does not become conditioned space because of leaky ducts. Duct tape is not permitted as a sealant on any metal ducts This applies to supply and return air ducts plenums duct fittings dampers fans accessory air handling equipment and appliances

Duct Sealing Requirements – 403.2.2
Locate All Ductwork in Conditioned Space, OR… duct tightness test must be performed on the system: New Code Requirement or The Duct Testing requirement spelled out Essentially all ductwork needs to be tested to the standard unless it’s IN the conditioned space, but I’ve found this to be more understandable by most this way.

Duct Testing – (1-2) Heating and cooling systems not 100% in conditioned space must be tested at 0.1” w.c. (25 Pa) and pass either Post-construction test: Max leakage to outside of 8 cfm/100 ft2 of CFA or, Max total leakage less than or equal to 12 cfm/100 ft2 CFA 2. Rough-in test: Max total leakage of 6 cfm per 100 ft2 CFA or, Max total leakage w/o air handler 4 cfm per 100 ft2 CFA e.g. 2,000 square foot finished house Max leakage to outside= 160 cfm Max total leakage= 240 cfm Trainers: The primary message here (again) is that MASTIC is the best way to go. UL 181 A/B approved tapes can work nearly as well. How long are you interested in this performance? The code requires sealed ducts! Anecdote: Peter Yost (BSC) - And I have found that a kitchen spatula is the best (and cheapest!) tool for applying this stuff. Photo: IBACOS, provided by Duncan Prahl, 2004.

Duct Systems Air Sealing
More duct sealing pics; drive home the details! Air handler too!

Duct Installation Avoid Tight Bends Minimize Sagging Size Properly
Place Inside the Envelope (good practice) Straight, no-sagging ducts

What’s the Big Deal about Ducts?
Well, it depends… …and poor ducts design, like in this photo How can you get good flows with ducts like this

More Like It…. …properly sealed and installed, minimizing major bends where unnecessary

This Can Be the Big Deal This started with Duct leakage in the crawl space. Nasty, damp, ventilated unconditioned crawls[pace. That leaky ductwork created negative pressurization state n crawl, damp air was drawn into the ductwork. It was distributed to the rim/band joist area and other areas in walls,, which were also not properly air sealed and insulated, where it condensed. 3 year old house, $65K in damage in rot and mold/mildew. Sealing the ducts to IECC code would have saved this mess.

Multiple Duct Types Trainers:
The point here is that there are many different materials and systems that can work, but they require attention to detail! This leads to difficulties in sealing Give different examples of ducts and give the associated trouble with a poor installation. RM

Ducts Inside Conditioned Space
Supply in dropped soffit The primary message here is that getting the ducts INSIDE the conditioned space is the best solution. Photos show a slab-on-grade, single-story home example. One central hallway trunk with supplies right off of it takes care of the whole house A very simple solution BUT only achieved because the high performance envelope and windows. System permitted high, central delivery of both heating and cooling (and these guys have a comfort guarantee!). The dropped soffit in the hallway keeps all of their ducts in conditioned space without moving the conditioned line up to the roof line. Transfer grille

Big Duct Holes and the Code
The primary message here is that there are often OBVIOUS duct issues. Wall return with electrical penetrations D uct tape and zip tie does not comply with the code. Engineered joist return unsealed due to I-beam shape.

Leaky Supply Ducts and Panned Stud Bays/Floor Joists.
Don’t worry, this is only a $2 Million dollar home! This is the quality of duct construction that we often see HUGE area for energy savings, performance improvements

Deal with Pressure Imbalances!!
The opposite, Return leakage and impacts Elaborate slide notes for instructors to illustrate negative impacts of both negative and positive pressures. RM

Neutral pressurization – the ultimate goal. Please provide a 2006 IRC reference to a balance mechanical system. RM

Door Closure Effect Plan view – Possible impacts of pressurization;
- Positive driving air/moisture into bedroom walls - Negative pressurization potential for backdrafting - Leakage losing conditioned Please provide a 2006 IRC reference to a balance mechanical system. And return air and distribution. RM Give more slide notes to the instructors on what the intent of this slide is, problems and method of correction RM

Solution: Create Return Paths for Balanced Air Flow and Balanced Pressure
The transfer duct system works well when returns aren’t used or needed. Transfer ducts are mini-duct systems that allows air to move from the room into a common hall and then back to the central return. Reference code sections of the mechanical section of the 2006 IRC

Transfer Grille for Pressure Relief and Return Air Flow
Transfer ducts in the conditioned space are nice, because they may eliminate need for sealing, but are limited in air quantity by the size of the cavity.

The “Jump Duct” Option Bedroom Bedroom
These are just a few ways one might get air from one place to another. Each return air path must be a function of good design. Three things must be considered when moving air from one place to another. Sound Light Flow The first is good for all three. Children can’t fly yet and they are always trying to hear what’s going on in the bedroom. The second is good for flow and light but bad for sound. You can’t put a chair near this transfer duct. You can hear everything going on in the room.

…Or simple, inexpensive straight-thru transfer grilles like R. A. P
…Or simple, inexpensive straight-thru transfer grilles like R.A.P. or Xenon !! Straight thru-wall transfer grills by TTI, best because they can be sized to whatever need, do not pass light/sound.

Video for a break in presentation? Main takeaway – Duct leakage can cause considerable depressurization/pressurization issues. Explain how supply leakage leads to depressuration For each video summarize here in the notes the content of video. RM

Remember… New Code Requirement
For all Ductwork located in Unconditioned Space: Perform a Duct Leakage Test on Each Duct System Pre-construction - Leakage to outdoors – 8cfm per 100sq. ft. or 12cfm total leakage of system, /25Pa or .1 w.g. OR Rough-In – total Leakage 6cfm 10%-30% Energy Savings Major Health and Safety Concern HERS Raters and BPI Home Performance Contractors Again - If ducts are outside conditioned space, must be tested Read slide again A certified – tester Raters, BPI BA+HVAC, 3rd part home inspector. Raters and BPI analysts and HVAC Specs are trained and certified. Explain that the standard for testing is national, and that the levels are very attainable Add code section for testing criteria. RM

Basic Requirements Mechanical/Electrical Equipment Building Plans
Temperature Controls HVAC Piping Insulation Service Hot Water Systems Swimming Pools Lighting Snow Melt Controls Now let’s talk about the remaining HVAC controls Basic Requirement Note that all of the items should be called out on the plans by either identifying the features on the drawings or in plan notes. Give code references. RM Building Plans

Mandatory Requirements Systems – 403.1
Controls – 1 T-stat for each separated heating and cooling system. Heat pump supplementary heat HVAC piping insulation R-3 (>105 or <55 degrees) Circulating hot water systems: R-2 Circ. Pump on/off switch readily accessible New Code Requirement Controls: at least one thermostat shall be provided for each separate heating and cooling system - Heat pump supplementary heat: heat pumps having supplementary electric resistance heat shall have control that except during defrost, prevent supplemental heat operation when the heat pump compressor can meet the heating load. R-3 for most low-pressure pipes. R-2 circulating Code sections for each topic. RM

Ventilation and Equipment Sizing – 403.6 and IRC M 1401.3
Outdoor air intakes and exhausts shall have automatic or gravity dampers that close when the ventilation system is not operating Equipment Sizing IECC references Section M of the IRC Load calculations determine the proper capacity (size) of equipment Goal is big enough to ensure comfort but no bigger Calculations shall be performed in accordance with ACCA Manual S and Loads from ACCA Manual J or other approved methods (Long-Hand ASHRAE Handbook of Fundamentals) New Emphasis In Code Equipment sizing is a direct reference to the IRC. Oversized equipment has a higher initial cost, a higher operating cost, provides less comfort, and the short-cycling reduces the equipment life expectancy. Any one of these is a good reason not to oversize. Heating and cooling system design loads for the purpose of sizing systems and equipment shall be determined in accordance with the procedures described in the ACCA Manual S & J or an equivalent computation procedure. Another option is the long-hand ASHRAE methodology, but most have access to multiple software packages that do this calculation.

Code College sizing video – 5 minutes.
For each video summarize here in the notes the content of video. RM

HVAC Systems Typical Heating and Cooling Systems New Code Requirement
Furnace A/C Unit Ductwork Heating and Cooling Efficiency Temperature & Humidity Controls Auto Setback Thermostat Duct Installation and Insulation Pipe Insulation Auto setback thermostats required for furnaces . There are minimum requirements for HVAC and duct insulation levels covered at Mfr. By EPAct So HVAC efficiency NOT a compliance concern Code section RM New Code Requirement Programmable T-stat for Furnaces

Pool Requirements (403.9) New Code Requirement Pool heaters (403.9.1)
Readily accessible on-off switch Natural gas or LPG fired pool heaters will not have continuously burning pilot lights Time switches ( ) Automatic controls required to operate pool heaters and pumps on a preset schedule Exceptions Where public health standards require 24 hour operation Where pumps are required to operate solar and waste heat recovery pool heating systems Pool heater – ability to control heater, shutoff when not used. Gas pool heaters – No standing pilot Timers to control usage as well

Pool Covers (403.9) New Code Requirement
Heated pools required to have a pool cover Pool cover must be vapor retardant Pools heated to over 90oF Minimum R-12 insulation Exception Pools deriving > 60% energy for heating from site-recovered energy or solar source Requirements for pool heaters – Self explanatory – read slide New Code Requirement

High-Efficiency Lamps Required (404.1)
Applies to permanently installed lighting fixtures Requires 50% to be Compact Fluorescent T-8 Linear Fluorescent Meet minimum efficacy requirements (see definition) Applies to interior and exterior lighting Can be met with CFLs Lamps NOT fixtures 50% High-efficiency lighting can be covered by screw-in compacts. For hard-wired fixtures only; not task lighting. New Code Requirement

Snow Melt Controls for Residential and Commercial Projects – 403.8
Snow detector that will activate the system from the idle mode to the snow melt mode Require a slab temperature sensor that turns the system off when the surface temperature is above 50oF Temperature control that shuts the system down when the outdoor temperature is above 40oF New Code Requirement Self-explanatory – read from slide Add code sections. RM

Compliance/Documentation/Inspections 405.4
Code Official has final authority Software, worksheets Above Code Programs Electronic media can be used Construction work for which a permit is required is subject to inspection Certificate is required- electric panel No work shall be done on any part of the building beyond the point indicated in each successive inspection without first obtaining written approval of the code official. No construction work shall be concealed without being inspected and approved. Add code sections RM, Move this slide to 180 slide position , before RES check portion of PP RM

Compliance/Documentation/Inspections
Code Officials Inspection Successive and final inspections, and re-inspections if necessary Code Validity Code deemed to be illegal or void shall not affect the remainder of the code Fees Must be paid before permit is issued Required in accordance with schedule

Certificate (401.3) New Emphasis
Permanently posted on the electrical distribution panel Don’t cover or obstruct other required labels Includes the following: R-values of insulation – building envelope & insulated ducts U-factors for fenestration HVAC efficiencies and types SWH equipment SHGC for fenestration – Not Required in KY CZ 4 If a gas-fired unvented room heater, electric furnace, or baseboard electric heater is installed New Emphasis The 2009 IECC requires a permanent certificate posted on the electrical distribution panel. This certificate is expanded, with new emphasis over 2006 and previous codes. The certificate shall be completed by the builder or registered design professional. It should list the R-values of insulation installed for the building envelope, U-factors and SHGC for fenestration, HVAC efficiencies, and service water heating equipment. The certificate is currently being implemented as part of the REScheck reports.

Remember… Windows, Glazed Doors, and Skylights
U-factor Requirements: Rating for all Manufactured Fenestration or Tables U-factor Default Table for Windows, Glazed Doors and Skylights Windows are required to be NFRC labeled If not, the default table must be used for compliance numbers, and it tends to assign much lower values to unknown windows 2006 IECC/KY Energy code allows U-.40 Misunderstood Code Requirement

An Issue costing the Construction Industry over $9B/Year!
While We’re At It – Water and Moisture Issues Covered in the IRC, BUT An Issue costing the Construction Industry over $9B/Year! Residential Code Section 703 – Exterior Covering – Intent to prevent moisture from getting into wall – Water–resistant sheathing paper or material tested to ASTM D (Housewraps, other building papers or felts) - Most Stone veneer and stucco applications require 2 layers-R and .8 - Flashing required, vague around siding other than Stone or Brick - Required around openings, doors, windows, fairly vague - Stone veneer and stucco claddings also require a weep screed Window and door requirements beg the issue of dealing with them n the area of Water and moisture issues NOT a requirement of the IECC, but worth talking about here because of the heavy burden on the Homebuilding caused by these issues. Run down the IRC requirements; not easy to follow, but let’s talk briefly about what is needed and desired in homes for controlling this problem Recommend to condense Slides 163 through 183 to about 5 slides. RM

Window Leaks JUMP!! This slide shows window flange over typical house wrap installation or a house with its raincoat tucked into its pants! What tells the water to find a way to get on top of the flange and not enter the rough opening? Writing “Jump” may do what we need done if your market has literate water. If your water and your workers are illiterate, then we better have good drawings because they communicate in any language. We need to details our windows and doors for moisture, air control

Where is the water going to go?
It’s not that we don’t know the way that water and gravity works, it’s that we think today’s materials take care of themselves? What little protection the housewrap overlap could have provided w/r/t the window head flange was squandered by the reverse flashing shown here. Essentially, the window was installed after the drainage plane without regard for the weather lap required.

Again, the corner patch was stuck on rather hopefully AFTER the window was installed with a reverse lap. Note too that while this patch may help drain the window, it does not address the rough opening. Is this a good detail?

And if you don’t… This is a photo of what bulk water has done to an area around a window that was not flashed p[er code.

Ditto here. These are only 2-3 year old homes

Everything Has to Work To deal with bulk moisture; Drain everything.
Down and away. These graphics are from the EEBA Water Management Guide.

Perhaps Too Drastic

Everything… Slope does not have to be a BIG thing. Just in the right direction. Flashings are critical at interfaces.

Water Management Fundamentals
Builders are used to applying basic water management principles daily Shingles Building paper Where do we mess up? Almost always at the joints and connections where different things come together The concept of flashing properly: Roof shingles are the easiest examples here. The term “shingle style” should be emphasized. HANDS-ON ACTION: Ask the code officials to describe what they perceive to be the most problematic water management connections in their buildings.

Water Management Simplicity
Let’s look at the basic components of wall water management. This is an example of a good water screen barrier system AND is good water management practice. There are other solutions, but this is a fairly well-proven belt and suspenders approach. Each component of the wall system plays a role in water management. The next few slides show ONE example wall. This is also from the EEBA Water Management Guide. One Solution…

What’s wrong with this picture?
No counter-flashing or kickouts

Again, junctures are key
Roof to roof; Deck to wall

Deal With Window and Door Penetrations!
Building the Weather Resisitive barrier: This is an example of one typical wall that most Midwesterners have seen. It includes plywood or OSB over conventional framing and the use of a house wrap.

Preparing for the Window…
Pan flashing detail: This is typical housewrap prep and installation of pan flashing. Here we show a multi-piece flashing. The principles are the same for a one piece flashing.

Sill Flashing Can use continuous or multi-piece flashing approach
Key is integration into whole wall system Trainers: Close-up of flashing at rough opening over drainage plane material. Add note – bevel siding is nice addition, look for other graphic/photo

Integrate Windows Drawing shows a typical flanged window.
Before installation, place a bead of caulk around sides and top where flange is to sit. Do NOT caulk the bottom. Water has to drain out of your pan flashing. Install window square, plumb and level in accordance with manufacturer’s instructions. Here we are INTEGRATING the window into the wall’s water management system.

Continuous Drainage Plane
Walk thru the WRB development: Apply jamb and head flashing. The primary message here is that this is ONE approach. There are many others. Note that different wall system solutions are shown in the EEBA Water Management Guide. Be prepared for questions about extra cost and labor. The FIRST answer is “What is your risk from NOT managing the water?” The SECOND answer is “You are buying the wraps and sheathing and windows anyway. Should you integrate them properly to avoid water leakage?” The THIRD answer is “How many subs does this solution involve? Shouldn’t they be on the same page?”

Compliance Path Who Must Comply? Basic Requirements
Insulation & Window Requirements Prescriptive Package REScheck Software Now lets talk about the REScheck software approach

U-Factor and Total UA Compliance Path – 402. 1
U-Factor and Total UA Compliance Path – (Enables REScheck Approach) Total UA Alternative Same as U-factor alternative but allows trade-offs across all envelope components Approach used in REScheck software REScheck DOES have some Performance elements Window Orientation, Area (limited) U-factor table is for the entire assembly. R-value table is only for the insulation. UA Alternative – if the total bldg. thermal envelope UA (sum of U-factor x assembly area) is less than or equal to the total UA resulting from using the U-factor Table (multiplied by the same area as in the proposed bldg.) the bldg. would be considered in compliance. The SHGC requirements must be met in addition to UA compliance.

Desktop Software Tools Windows version or Mac version
REScheckTM Desktop Software Tools Web-Based Tools The REScheck (formerly MECcheck) materials have been developed to simplify and clarify code compliance with the Model Energy Code (MEC), the International Energy Conservation Code (IECC), and a number of state codes. The REScheck residential compliance materials offer two ways to demonstrate compliance: the trade-off approach and the prescriptive packages approach. The REScheck software simplifies energy code compliance by automating the trade-off compliance approach. The new REScheck-Web online code compliance tool can also be used to show compliance using the trade-off approach. It performs just like the desktop version but requires no download or installation. The Prescriptive Package Generator is a web-based application that allows you to generate your own code-compliant insulation and window packages rather than following pre-defined prescriptive packages. Pre-defined packages that specify insulation levels and glazing U-factors based on your climate zone are available if you prefer a manual approach. Plan Check and Field Inspection compliance guides are also available on the website. Windows version or Mac version Free Download/access at

REScheck Steps Select the Appropriate Code Enter Project Information
Enter Building Components Enter Mechanical Equipment (optional) View/Print the Compliance Report Save the Data File and the Report Read from slide

Appropriate Code Applicable Energy Code (Code Menu) Default
Preferences It’s very important to make sure you have the proper code selected before you begin entering information for your project as required information changes depending upon the selected code. Default – will remember previous code and location selected/used; good idea to double-check each time you start a project unless you have changed in Preferences Preferences - Project – Code/Location – select a specific code and location to be used every time you start a new project; Envelope – can enable certain columns (applicable to code selected) to always appear Applicant – info to populate “project details” and will print on reports Reports – Report signature options; reports

Project Information Project location Project type
Project details for report (optional) Title/Site/Permit Owner/Agent Designer/Contractor Notes Location – ties to weather data files; if your location isn’t listed, consult the local building department as to the location you should use; they may suggest you use REScheck-Web which allows you to select locations by county; some state-specific versions have counties instead of cities Project – 1- and 2-family, detached or multifamily. Under the 2006 IECC, it’s New Construction or Addition/Alteration Project Details – included in your project reports and may be useful to the building department or as a way to track and label your reports.

Compliance UA 2009 IECC-based projects “Max UA” “Your UA”
New Construction Must enter a roof, walls, and floor assembly Check Compliance button NO High-efficiency HVAC Tradeoff Performance alternative if UA calculation fails Software performs a simple U-factor x Area (UA) calculation for each building assembly to determine the overall UA of your building. The UA that would result from a building conforming to the code records (Max UA) is compared against the UA for your building (Your UA). If Your UA is less than or equal to the Max UA, your building complies with the code, and the Compliance field displays the message “Passes”. If the code selected in the code menu is the 2006 IECC and high-efficiency mechanical equipment has been entered, then the software performs two separate calculations – the UA calculation and a limited-scope performance approach. The compliance results look slightly different in this case.

Screen Operations Compliance Bar Status Bar
Status bar explains what type of information goes into the active screen and/or active cell. Compliance bar shows the compliance results. Compliance Bar Status Bar

Screen Operations Compliance Bar Status Bar Colors – Blue
Colors –blue refers to a lack of data (blue TBD in compliance bar means not enough data has been entered to render a compliance result;

Compliance Reports Project complies View/Print Report
These are the reports that can be printed out or saved as files, even loaded onto print sheets.

Compliance Certificate
Project Information Building Components Compliance Statement The REScheck Compliance Certificate Project Notes

Inspection Checklist Mandatory requirements
Code presumes these requirements are met First of three pages Compliance statement on Compliance report states that the requirements in the Inspection Checklist have also been met.

Panel Certificate Under 2009 IECC-based codes, panel certificate option Panel Certificate – under 2006-IECC-based codes, there is a third report option for a Panel certificate. The certificate lists the predominant insulation R-values, window U-factors, type and efficiency of space conditioning and water heater equipment. The 2006 IECC requires the certificate to be posted on or near the electrical distribution panel.

Files Data (File>Save) Report (File>Save Report) Exchange
The data file is the *.rck file in case you need to make any changes The report is a pdf and allows you to print and document compliance results determined by the software. REScheck data file exchange – if you have saved a project on your computer’s hard drive and want to open that file in REScheck-Web, you can log into the Web version and click on the Load Project link. OR, if you saved a project in Web and now want to open it in your desktop, you can sign into the Web version and click on the Download link.

REScheck Example Sylvan Residence Lexington KY
The following 14 slides is a complete example that could be run at whatever level the trainer desires, probably more for designer and code official audiences. The trainer can choose to alter R-values and other details to bring the building in or out of compliance, for example. Or, the builder can start from scratch to build the file and go through compliance. BCAP believes this level of training is best left for a dedicated example training, but this is all the raw data and material that will allow a trainer to easily conduct that training. Please provide all data in a word document or in an actual Res chek file for all the design parameters for the example listed. In addition please provide a pre-determined list of data that we can manipulate under the thermal envelope, lighting tabs to illustrate the flexibility of the program. RM

Building Envelope Conditioned Basement
The conditioned area or building envelope is the first thing that needs to be defined for REScheck inputs. The highlighted areas on the plans and building section show the areas of the house that are conditioned. Conditioned Main Floor Building Section

Ceiling Area Ceiling Area 2415 s.f.
The ceiling area in this residence corresponds with the main floor area because the ceilings are flat. If this plan contained vaulted areas, the ceiling area would need to be adjusted for the larger ceiling area created by the vault.

Raised Heel or Energy Truss
Vaulted ceilings are not the same as raised heel trusses. This photo shows raised trusses (energy trusses or raised heel trusses) that allow for insulation to be evenly distributed along the truss rather than being compressed at the ends like standard trusses. In REScheck the user is asked if the truss is “all-wood joist/rafter/truss” or “all-wood raised joist/rafter/truss”. The trusses in this case study are not raised trusses.

Exterior Wall Areas 12’ Exterior Walls - 689 s.f. North – 221 s.f.
South – 234 s.f. East – 52 s.f. West – 182 s.f. 3’ knee walls (between 9’&12’ sections) – 153 s.f. West – 69 s.f. East – 84 s.f. 9’ Ceilings 12’ Ceilings 9’ Exterior Walls s.f. North – 690 s.f. South – 600 s.f. East – 440 s.f. West – 450 s.f. 9’ Ceilings Exterior Walls: The area of the exterior walls depend on the ceiling height of the space that the wall encloses. The highlighted sections on the main floor plan show the ceiling heights in various areas of the residence. The perimeter length of the exterior wall enclosing the space is multiplied by the wall height for the given area. This wall height includes the depth of the rim joist. The knee walls between the 9’ ceiling and 12’ ceiling sections also enclose the conditioned space.

Including Rim Joists in the Exterior Wall Area
The exterior wall height of the main floor walls includes the depth of the rim joist.

Basement Walls - below grade >50% below grade =
The “side” basement walls are assumed to be more than 50% below grade so the entire wall is considered a “below grade basement wall (solid masonry)”. >50% below grade = below grade concrete basement wall

(solid concrete or masonry)
Above Grade Bsmt Walls (exterior wood) = s.f. (93’ x 9’) (entered as wood frame wall not a basement wall) Below Grade Bsmt Walls = 1044 s.f. Side basement walls = 360 s.f. West Wall – 144 s.f East Wall – 216 s.f. Back basement wall = 684 s.f. (76’x9’) (solid concrete or masonry) Basement Wall Areas Above Grade Bmst Walls (exterior wood) – 837 s.f. (93 ln. ft. x 9’ height) 144 s.f. 684 s.f. 216 s.f. Basement Walls: The “walkout” side of the basement is an exterior wood wall with windows and doors and is entered as “wood frame wall – 16” o.c.”. The perimeter length of this wall is 93’. This length multiplied by the basement wall height of 9’ equals 837 square feet. The “side” basement walls are assumed to be more than 50% below grade so the entire wall is considered a “below grade basement wall (solid masonry)”. The perimeter length of these side walls equals 40 feet (360 s.f.). The “back” basement wall is totally below grade and is considered a “below grade basement wall”. The length of the back wall is 76 feet (684 s.f.). The area of all the below grade basement walls is 1044 square feet (116’ x 9’).

“side” below grade basement walls
REScheck inputs “side” below grade basement walls “back” below grade basement wall (entire back wall is adjacent to crawlspace Screen shots of the below grade basement wall REScheck inputs are shown. The back basement wall is assumed to have 7’ of the 9’ basement wall below grade (the 2’ above grade portion is the crawlspace section adjacent to the basement wall). The entire wall is assumed to be adjacent to the crawlspace for simplicity (this assumption is conservative). Users can separate the “back” basement wall into two sections (one adjacent to the crawlspace and one adjacent to the garage (9’ below grade) if they wish. The side basement walls are assumed to be 4.5’ below grade. This assumption takes the average of the front of the wall that is totally above grade and the back section which is 9’ below grade.

Floor Area Crawlspace Area - 783 s.f.
The area of the floor above the crawlspace is entered as a “floor” in REScheck. The floor is insulated between the floor joists. If the crawlspace wall had been insulated rather than the floor above the crawlspace, the perimeter length of the foundation stem wall would have been entered with the “crawlspace” tab in REScheck. Note: Do not enter a floor component (area) if you enter the floor as a crawlspace (with perimeter “crawl wall” insulation). The area of the crawlspace is highlighted in the above floor plan (783 s.f.).

Slab Perimeter Slab Perimeter - 93 linear feet
Line represents the slab edge to be calculated in linear feet. The “front edge” of the basement exterior wall (above grade) is entered as a “slab” in REScheck. The perimeter edge measures 93 feet.

Perimeter Slab Insulation
Example slab edge perimeter insulation.

Insulation Levels Roof/Ceiling - R-38 batts Wall - R-19 batts
Floor - R-19 batts Slab - R-5 rigid (24” vertical) Building Sections are used to clarify insulation locations and levels for REScheck inputs. The small box at upper left contains the important envelope numbers to include.

Window/ Door Area South North West East
Glass Doors <50% glass - 40 s.f.; U-value = 0.50 North – 40 s.f. Opaque Doors - 40 s.f.; U-value = 0.50 South – 40 s.f. Window Area s.f.; U-value = 0.40 & SHGC .40 North – 369 s.f. South – 149 s.f. West – 15 s.f. South North Window and door areas are listed to simplify REScheck inputs. West East

PF= A/B PF=0.15 Overhang/Projection Factor (PF)
Overhangs should be calculated and input into REScheck for compliance in areas with <3500 HDD PF= A/B PF=0.15

Performance Approach – 405.5, 405.6
Proposed Design Energy Use of Proposed Design less than < Energy Estimation Tool Standard Design Energy Use of Standard Design Energy for renewable (non-depletable) sources does not count Includes credit for renewable energy Non-depletable energy sources include energy derived from wind, waves, lake or pond thermal differences, internal heat of the earth How to account for non-depletable energy sources The energy from non-depletable energy sources can be deducted from the overall energy use of the proposed house by using the Chapter 4 - Systems Analysis approach. IN KY, Energy Raters using REMRate software will be the likely avenue used. Please provide a document that a building inspector might encounter as documentation on meeting this type of software. RM In KY – Most Likely Software Used will be REMRate (“Proposed Building Meeting the Energy Code Requirements”)

Simulated Performance
Requires computer software with specified capabilities (local official may approve other tools) Includes both envelope and orientation Allows greatest flexibility. Credits features such as: Tight building envelope Tight ducts (must be leak tested) or hydronic systems Exterior shading, favorable orientation, thermal mass, SHGC, etc. Section 405 specifies “ground rules” These will generally be “hidden” in compliance software calculation algorithms Very similar ground rules are used in new home federal tax credits and ENERGY STAR Home guidelines The simulated performance alternative can be used for building designs that do comply with all the prescriptive requirements in Chapter 4 of the IECC. Under the simulated performance alternative, a “Proposed design” will comply with the code if the calculated annual energy cost is not greater than a similar building (the “Standard design”) designed in accordance with Chapter 4. The Proposed design uses the same energy sources, floor area, geometry, design conditions, occupancy, climate data, and usage schedule as the Standard design. Some energy-conserving strategies to improve the performance of the Proposed design include exterior shading of windows, passive solar design, thermal mass heat storage, improved thermal envelope, improved duct systems, reduced air infiltration, and high-efficiency heating, cooling, and water heating equipment.

Simulated Performance Alternative (Section 405)
Analysis includes Proposed R-values/U-factors Solar Gain Various duct and distribution efficiencies Service Water Heating Infiltration Duct tightness Orientation Mandatory requirements necessary Sections 401, 402.4, and 403 Read from slide – The Performance Compliance elements covered and considered.

Our Implementation Challenges
Codes are not being well Implemented: Training of Trades, Builders and Code Officials Requirements unclear and how to build them into buildings Compliance Low We’re NOT getting the projected energy savings OR building better buildings Read from slide – our compliance challenges

State Resources Kentucky Home Performance with Energy Star
Recovery Act-funded program to provide technical and financial assistance to homeowners to assesses and finance the energy efficiency of their existing homes and to help contractors get into the business of performing energy evaluations and retrofits Kentucky Housing Program for low-income households to make their homes more energy efficient. Funds retrofits up to $6,500. Midwestern Energy Conference Conference coming up in March (offered each year) where contractors can learn more about building science and programs to help fund energy efficiency and grow their businesses Energy Star Homes organization actively promoting ENERGY STAR new homes program Visit the website for contact information. A status of energy codes by state (including state energy office contacts) is available at Send with any questions on any of the BECP tools or materials to

Resources www.energycodes.gov techsupport@becp.pnl.gov
Visit the website for contact information. A status of energy codes by state (including state energy office contacts) is available at Send with any questions on any of the BECP tools or materials to

National Level - National Model Building Energy Code & Standards
COMMERCIAL Standard ; 30 % Target (Achieved about 25%) Currently: Standard (Completed 2009) International Green Construction Code (IgCC) 2nd draft 11/4/2010 LEED, Global Green, Advanced Energy Design Guides, Core Performance, ENERGY STAR Some additional details about Commercial Advanced Standards – use the IECC and ASHRAE 90.1 as std for energy component.

National Level - National Model Building Energy Code & Standards
RESIDENTIAL International Energy Conservation Code; 30% improvement underway-2012 IECC Currently, 2009 IECC (several significant new provisions to boost energy efficiency 15% on average nationally for 2012 IECC) ENERGY STAR LEED RESIDENTIAL, BUILDING AMERICA ICC 700, Build it Green Some additional details about Residential Advanced Standards – use the IECC Chapter 4 as std for energy component.

ICC 700 National Green Building Standard
Some additional details about Residential Advanced Code – use the IECC Chapter 4 as std for energy component.

Codes - Critical Element of Energy and Climate Plans
AND produce savings SCENARIO: If all states implemented a national energy code that is strengthened by 30% starting in 2010 and by 50% around 2020: In 2030 our nation could save 2.6 quadrillion BTUs of energy - the equivalent Virginia’s annual energy consumption By 2050, cumulative energy savings would reach approximately 111 quadrillion BTUs. = more than the TOTAL US ENERGY CONSUMPTION in 2005 (100.3 quads) Estimates are under development and subject to change based on further analysis of EIA and other available building data; data is based on 2005 state energy consumption; Energy Information Administration Projections on future code adoptions

New Housing Energy Continuum
Percentage of Projected Energy Savings Conventional homes Complies with existing energy codes with 100% reliance on utility supplied energy. High performance homes Saves 30 to 50% of utility energy costs over conventional homes using efficiency and renewable energy technologies. Near-zero energy homes Saves 60 to 90% utility energy costsover conventional homes. Net-zero energy homes Produces as much energy as it uses, saving 100% utility energy costs. Zero-carbon homes Produces more energy than it uses and exporting at least 20% electricity to the grid. Courtesy of Anthony Floyd City of Scottsdale AZ 223

Conclusions National, State and Local governments are paying attention to energy codes. Increased federal funding toward energy codes. Governor assurance letters included energy code provision to have 90% compliance with the 2009 IECC by 2017 Energy codes are a critical part of building design.

Thank You! Joe Speaker XXX XXX XXX Ave., XXX, KY Building Codes Assistance Project 1850 M Street, Suite 600 Washington, D.C I hope that you’ll contact BCAP for assistance and visit our website. Thank you!

Kentucky Training 2009 IECC Residential Provisions

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