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U.S. Department of Energy Building Energy Codes Program

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Presentation on theme: "U.S. Department of Energy Building Energy Codes Program"— Presentation transcript:

1 U.S. Department of Energy Building Energy Codes Program
Residential Requirements of the 2009 International Energy Conservation Code U.S. Department of Energy Building Energy Codes Program PNNL-SA-65859

2 What’s Changed Since IECC 2006?
Stringency – some key differences New requirements Building envelope tightness Duct testing Lighting equipment Pool controls and covers Snow melt controls Moisture control requirements moved to IRC No mechanical trade-offs allowed

3 Climate Zones—2009 IECC

4 Residential Chapter Structure of the IECC Chapter 1 Administrative
Chapter 2 Definitions Chapter 3 Climate Zones Chapter 4 Residential Energy Efficiency Chapter 5 Commercial Energy Efficiency Chapter Referenced Standards Residential Chapter

5 Overview of Residential Code Requirements
Focus is on building envelope Ceilings, walls, windows, floors, foundations Sets insulation levels, window U-factors and solar heat gain coefficients Infiltration control - caulk and seal to prevent air leaks Ducts – seal and insulate Limited space heating, air conditioning, and water heating requirements Federal law sets most equipment efficiency requirements, not the I-codes No appliance requirements Lighting equipment – 50% of lamps to be high-efficacy lamps

6 Additions, Alterations, Renovations, Repairs
Conform as relates to new construction Unaltered portions(s) do not need to comply Additions can comply alone or in combination with existing building Exceptions Storm windows over existing fenestration Glass only replacements Exposed, existing ceiling, wall or floor cavities if already filled with insulation Where existing roof, wall or floor cavity isn’t exposed Reroofing for roofs where neither sheathing nor insulation exposed Insulate above or below the sheathing Roofs without insulation in the cavity Sheathing or insulation is exposed

7 Treat as a stand-alone building
Additions Treat as a stand-alone building Additions must meet the prescriptive requirements in Table 1. Treat the addition as a stand-alone building and ignore the common walls between the existing building and the addition. Combine the existing building with the addition and bring the whole building to compliance. Compliance can be harder to achieve if the existing building is quite old. N

8 Additions, Alterations, Renovations, Repairs
Roof Replacement Where the roof of an existing building is being replaced and the roof is a component of the thermal envelope of a building being regulated by the code, and the R-Value of the existing roof insulation is less than 30, insulation shall be added to achieve R-30. (CABQ Code based on 2006 IECC) 2009 IECC - None, for new building R-38 NM 2009 Energy Code - None, for new building R-38 ASHRAE None , for new building R-49

9 IECC Compliance - Three Options
Prescriptive R-values U-Factor and “UA” Alternatives Simulated Performance (software) U-factor Total Building UA Simulated Performance Alternative 405

10 Code Compliance Alternate Method
Above-code programs. One and two-family dwellings and townhomes designed to obtain LEED Silver or Build Green New Mexico Silver certification are deemed to meet the greenhouse gas reduction codes of the City of Albuquerque and to be in compliance with this code 2009 IECC – Above-code programs authorized in Section There are mandatory envelope requirements (design must meet these requirements regardless of location) which include moisture and infiltration control and duct insulation. Other envelope requirements such as insulation values and window efficiency are based on the climate of the project location.

11 INDEPENDENT THIRD PARTY INSPECTIONS AND TESTS
Requires inspections and tests under direct supervision of a RESNET Certified Home Energy Rater Thermal Bypass Inspection Duct Leakage Tests Building Envelope Leakage Test 2009 IECC – Certificate of Inspection Thermal Bypass Test or Inspection NM 2009 Energy Code Certificate of Inspection, Thermal Bypass Inspection There are mandatory envelope requirements (design must meet these requirements regardless of location) which include moisture and infiltration control and duct insulation. Other envelope requirements such as insulation values and window efficiency are based on the climate of the project location.

12 Climate-Specific Requirements
Foundations Basements Slabs Crawlspaces Above grade walls Skylights, windows, and doors Roofs Solar Heat Gain Coefficient in warm climates Universal Requirements (apply everywhere): Duct insulation and sealing Infiltration control Including recessed cans There are mandatory envelope requirements (design must meet these requirements regardless of location) which include moisture and infiltration control and duct insulation. Other envelope requirements such as insulation values and window efficiency are based on the climate of the project location.

13 Insulation and Fenestration Requirements by Climate Zone
Table Insulation and Fenestration Requirements by Componenta a. R-values are minimums, U-factors and SHGC are maximums, R-19 batts compressed into a nominal 2 x 6 framing cavity such that the R-value is reduced by R-1 or more shall be marked with the compressed batt R-value in addition to the full thickness R-value. b. The fenestration U-factor column excludes skylights. The SHGC column applies to all glazed fenestration. c. “15/19” means R-15 continuous insulated sheathing on the interior or exterior of the home or R-19 cavity insulation at the interior of the basement wall. “15/19” shall be permitted to be met with R-13 cavity insulation on the interior of the basement wall plus R-5 continuous insulated sheathing on the interior or exterior of the home. “10/13” means R-10 continuous insulated sheathing on the interior or exterior of the home or R-13 cavity insulation at the interior of the basement wall. d. R-5 shall be added to the required slab edge R-values for heated slabs. Insulation depth shall be the depth of the footing or 2 feet, whichever is less in Zones 1 through 3 for heated slabs. e. There are no SHGC requirements in the Marine Zone. f. Basement wall insulation is not required in warm-humid locations as defined by Figure and Table g. Or insulation sufficient to fill the framing cavity, R-19 minimum. h. “13+5” means R-13 cavity insulation plus R-5 insulated sheathing. If structural sheathing covers 25 percent or less of the exterior, insulating sheathing is not required where structural sheathing is used. If structural sheathing covers more than 25 percent of exterior, structural sheathing shall be supplemented with insulated sheathing of at least R-2. i. The second R-value applies when more than half the insulation is on the interior of the mass wall. j. For impact rated fenestration complying with Section R of the IRC or Section of the IBC, maximum U-factor shall be 0.75 in Zone 2 and 0.65 in Zone 3.

14 BUILDING THERMAL ENVELOPE
Table Climate Zone 4B North-East-West facing glazing CABQ Code = Low-E glass required 2009 IECC U=0.35 SHGC=NR NM 2009 Energy Code U=0.35 SHGC=0.35 ASHRAE U=0.45 SHGC=0.40 (metal frame) Wood Frame Wall R-Value CABQ Code R=21 or R=13 cavity + R=7.5 sheathing 2009 IECC R=20 or R=13 cavity + R=5 sheathing NM 2009 Energy Code R=20 or R=13 cavity + R=5 sheathing ASHRAE U=0.051or R=13 cavity + R=7.5 sheathing

15 U-Factor Requirements by Climate Zone
Table Equivalent U-Factorsa Note: SHGC values are in Table and must be met regardless of the this table. Lets take a look at each one of these components in the order of this table starting with fenestration. Note that this table applies to assemblies whereas the previous (R-value) table applies to insulation only. Footnote d which appears in the printed 2009 IECC was removed a. Nonfenestration U-factors shall be obtained from measurement, calculation or an approved source. b. When more than half the insulation is on the interior, the mass wall U-factors shall be a maximum of 0.17 in Zone 1, 0.14 in Zone 2, 0.12 in Zone 3, 0.10 in Zone 4 except Marine, and the same as the frame wall U-factor in Marine Zone 4 and Zones 5 through 8. c. Basement wall U-factor of in warm-humid locations as defined by Figure and Table

16 BUILDING THERMAL ENVELOPE
Table Equivalent U-Factors Climate Zone 4B Wall Frame U-Factor CABQ Code U=0.051 2009 IECC U=0.051 NM 2009 Energy Code R-values only ASHRAE U=0.51 Floor U-Factor CABQ Code U=0.046 frame 2009 IECC U=0.047 frame ASHRAE U=0.62 mass U=0.26 wood frame

17 Mandatory Requirements Building Envelope
Air leakage Recessed lighting Maximum fenestration U-factor and SHGC Fireplaces

18 Mandatory Requirements
Air Leakage Control Mandatory Requirements Building envelope Sealed with caulking materials or Closed with gasketing systems Joints and seams sealed or taped or covered with a moisture vapor-permeable wrapping material The sealing methods between dissimilar materials shall allow for differential expansion and contraction.

19 Areas for Air Leakage (Infiltration)
Windows and doors Between sole plates Floors and exterior wall panels Plumbing Electrical Service access doors or hatches Recessed light fixtures Rim joist junction There is no specific code language that precisely dictates how a leak should be sealed or how to judge the quality of a seal. There are several places where air leakage can occur: Site-built windows, doors, and skylights Openings between window and door assemblies and their respective jambs and framing Utility penetrations Dropped ceilings or chases adjacent to the thermal envelope Knee walls Behind stairwells on exterior walls Walls and ceilings separating a garage from conditioned spaces Behind tubs and showers on exterior walls Common walls between dwelling units Attic access hatches

20 Air Sealing and Insulation
2 options to demonstrate compliance When tested air leakage is <7 ACH when tested with a blower door at pressure of 33.5 psf (Section ) Testing after rough in and installation of building envelope penetrations When items listed in Table , applicable to the method of construction, are field verified (Section )

21 Mechanical Systems & Equipment
Equipment efficiency set by Federal law, not the I-Codes

22 Mandatory Requirements Systems (Section 403)
Controls Heat pump supplementary heat Ducts Sealing (Mandatory) Insulation (Prescriptive) HVAC piping insulation Circulating hot water systems Ventilation Equipment sizing Systems serving multiple dwelling units Snow melt controls Pools - Controls: at least one thermostat shall be provided for each separate heating and cooling system - Heat pump supplementary heat: heat pumps having supplementary electric resistance heat shall have control that except during defrost, prevent supplemental heat operation when the heat pump compressor can meet the heating load.

23 Programmable Thermostat - Controls
Mandatory Requirements If primary heating system is a forced-air furnace At least one programmable thermostat/dwelling unit Capability to set back or temporarily operate the system to maintain zone temperatures down to 55ºF (13ºC) or up to 85ºF (29ºC) Initially programmed with: heating temperature set point no higher than 70ºF (21ºC) and cooling temperature set point no lower than 78ºF (26ºC)

24 Ducts Insulation (Prescriptive) Sealing (Mandatory)
Ducts outside the building envelope: R-8 All other ducts: R-6 Sealing (Mandatory) Joints and seams shall comply with IRC, Section M Building framing cavities shall not be used as supply ducts No Trade offs allowed for duct insulation. Exception: - ducts completely inside the building envelope Building framing cavities shall not be used as supply ducts.

25 Duct Insulation Requirements
CABQ Code Exception: Ducts or portions thereof located completely inside the building thermal envelope 2009 IECC Exception: Ducts or portions thereof located completely inside the building thermal envelope NM 2009 Energy Code – Detailed specifications on location and R-value, even indirectly conditioned spaces (i.e. inside the building thermal envelope) required R = 3.5 ASHRAE – Table C-10 detailed specifications on location and R-value either R=8 or R=6), the indirectly conditioned spaces require no insulation

26 Mandatory Requirements
Duct Tightness Tests Mandatory Requirements All ducts, air handlers, filter boxes and building cavities used as ducts shall be sealed (Section ) Duct tightness shall be verified by either − Post construction test Leakage to outdoors: ≤8 cfm/per 100 ft2 of conditioned floor area or Total leakage: ≤12 cfm/per 100 ft2 of conditioned floor area tested at a pressure differential of 0.1 in w.g. (25Pa) across entire system, including manufacturer’s air handler enclosure All register boots taped or otherwise sealed Rough-in test Total leakage ≤6 cfm/per 100 ft2 of conditioned floor area tested at a pressure differential of 0.1 in w.g. (25Pa) across roughed-in system, including manufacturer’s air handler enclosure all register boots taped or otherwise sealed if air handler not installed at time of test Total air leakage ≤4 cfm/per 100 ft2 Exceptions: Duct tightness test is not required if the air handler and all ducts are located within conditioned space OR

27 Mandatory Requirements
Piping Insulation Mandatory Requirements R-3 required on HVAC systems Exception: Piping that conveys fluids between 55 and 105°F CABQ Code R=4 pipe 2” or less, R=6 piping > 2” 2009 IECC R=3 NM 2009 Energy Code R=2 ASHRAE R=5 or greater depending on pipe diameter and temperature Circulating hot water systems shall include an automatic or readily accessible manual switch that can turn off the hot water circulating pump when the system is not in use. Mandatory – no trade offs.

28 Ventilation and Equipment Sizing
Mandatory Requirements Ventilation Outdoor air intakes and exhausts shall have automatic or gravity dampers that close when the ventilation system is not operating Equipment Sizing IECC references Section M of the IRC Load calculations determine the proper capacity (size) of equipment Goal is big enough to ensure comfort but no bigger Calculations shall be performed in accordance with ACCA Manual J or other approved methods Equipment sizing is a direct reference to the IRC. Oversized equipment has a higher initial cost, a higher operating cost, provides less comfort, and the short-cycling reduces the equipment life expectancy. Any one of these is a good reason not to oversize. Heating and cooling system design loads for the purpose of sizing systems and equipment shall be determined in accordance with the procedures described in the ACCA Manual J or an equivalent computation procedure.

29 Fan Power Limitation CABQ Code Table Fan Performance Energy Star Label required 2009 IECC = Table Fan Power Limitation NM 2009 Energy Code - meet Energy Star requirements ASHRAE % below ASHRAE 90.1 Requirements

30 Roof Material Requirements
402,8 Roof Reflectance Reflective roof coverings that are Energy Star qualified Low slope roof – solar reflectance of 0.65 Steep slope roof – solar reflectance of 0.25 Exception, approved “green roofs”. (CABQ Code) 2009 IECC = Specifies roof absorptance value 0.75 NM 2009 Energy Code - not addressed ASHRAE Solar Reflective Index requirements Low slope roof – SRI = 78 Steep slope roof – SRI = 29

31 Lighting Equipment (Prescriptive)
A minimum of 50 percent of the lamps in permanently installed lighting fixtures shall be high-efficacy lamps NM 2009 Energy Code also requires motion sensor, daylight sensor and/or timer shall be installed on at least 33% of the outdoor fiuxtures

32 Simulated Performance Alternative
Requires computer software with specified capabilities (local official may approve other tools) Includes both envelope and equipment Allows greatest flexibility. Credits features such as: High efficiency furnaces, air-conditioners, etc. Tight ducts (must be leak tested) or hydronic systems Exterior shading, favorable orientation, thermal mass, SHGC, etc. Section 405 specifies “ground rules” These will generally be “hidden” in compliance software calculation algorithms Very similar ground rules are used in home federal tax credits and ENERGY STAR Home guidelines The simulated performance alternative can be used for building designs that do comply with all the prescriptive requirements in Chapter 4 of the IECC. Under the simulated performance alternative, a “Proposed design” will comply with the code if the calculated annual energy cost is not greater than a similar building (the “Standard design”) designed in accordance with Chapter 4. The Proposed design uses the same energy sources, floor area, geometry, design conditions, occupancy, climate data, and usage schedule as the Standard design. Some energy-conserving strategies to improve the performance of the Proposed design include exterior shading of windows, passive solar design, thermal mass heat storage, improved thermal envelope, improved duct systems, reduced air infiltration, and high-efficiency heating, cooling, and water heating equipment.


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