1. Today is Thursday, November 20 th, 2014 Pre-Class: Today we are reviewing. Have your questions ready! Have Lab 5 in the Turn-In Box.

2. Today’s Agenda Review Diapers? Review

3. First, some other stuff… Whisper Down the Metabolic Pathway – Photosynthesis Edition TED: Amanda Ooten – The Simple Story of Photosynthesis and Food

4. Review Game Rules I will ask a question to the class. Each participant (that’s you) writes down the answer silently. – Not each group…each individual. After a few moments, I will say, “Compare answers.” Each of you will look at what the other wrote.

5. Review Game Rules Did you each get the right answer? – 2 points. Did one of you get the right answer? – 1 point. Neither of you? – For shame. 0 points. – And eternal guilt.

6. Review Game Rules The List of Do Nots: – Do not talk to each other, make noises, gesture, give answers (my discretion here) between when the question has been read and when I say, “Compare answers.” Doing so will result in a disqualification for that round. Don’t believe me? Try it. – Do not fall asleep when I’m getting scores. If you’re not paying attention, I’m not giving you points.

7. Review Question 1 Where on an enzyme does a substrate bind? – The active site.

8. Review Question 2 How does a noncompetitive inhibitor affect enzyme activity? – Noncompetitive inhibitors bind to a location other than the active site. Their binding changes the shape of the enzyme making normal substrate action limited.

9. Review Question 3 Name five conditions that affect enzyme activity. – Temperature/Heat – pH – Salinity – Inhibitors – Activators – Enzyme Concentration – Substrate Concentration

10. Review Question 4 Calculate the Gibbs free energy change in a reaction with ΔH = 18,000 cal, T = 15 °C, ΔS = 75 cal/K. ΔG = ΔH – T  ΔS ΔG = 18,000 – 288  75 -3600 cal

11. Review Question 5 Catabolic reactions do what general process to molecules? – Break them down.

12. Review Question 6 In what way do CAM plants separate the light reactions and the Calvin cycle? – They separate the cycles temporally (by time).

13. Review Question 7 From where to where are protons pumped in the light reactions? – From the stroma into the thylakoid space.

14. Review Question 8 In both photosynthesis and respiration, what enzyme produces the most ATP? – ATP Synthase.

15. Review Question 9 BONUS NON-BIOLOGY QUESTION You may wager any/all of your points. Category: Business One company makes Bounty paper towels, Olay cosmetics, Pampers diapers, Vicks cough/cold products, Gillette razors, Dawn soap, Head and Shoulders shampoo, Scope mouthwash, Febreze deodorants, and Crest toothpaste. They also used to own Pringles, Sunny Delight, Pur, Clearasil, Folgers, Duracell, Crisco, Jif, and Hawaiian Punch. Which? – Proctor & Gamble.

16. Review Question 10 Substrates fit enzymes like keys in a lock. However, research suggests that the lock then moves a bit more to fit the key even better. What is the name of this concept? – The induced-fit model.

17. Review Question 11 In what way do C 4 plants separate the light reactions and the Calvin cycle? – They separate the cycles spatially (in two different cells).

18. Review Question 12 What’s the difference between a cofactor and a coenzyme in activating an enzyme? – Cofactors are inorganic (many are metals) whereas coenzymes are organic.

19. Review Question 13 Gibbs free energy is generally _____ when the resulting product(s) is/are more complex than the reactant(s). – positive

20. Review Question 14 BONUS NON-BIOLOGY QUESTION You may wager any/all of your points. Category: Geography What is the only US state to have had a monarchy prior to earning statehood? – Hawaii.

21. Review Question 15 What are the three primary energy carriers involved in photosynthesis and respiration? – NADPH, NADH, FADH 2

22. Review Question 16 Where does pyruvate oxidation occur? – Mitochondrial matrix.

23. Review Question 17 What is the input for pyruvate oxidation? – Reese’s Spreads. – Just kidding. Pyruvate.

24. Review Question 18 What is the output for pyruvate oxidation? – Acetyl CoA.

25. Review Question 19 What is the input for the Calvin cycle? – CO 2.

26. Review Question 20 How do enzymes increase reaction rates? – They lower activation energy OR – They orient substrates spatially to facilitate bonding OR – They destabilize bonds to facilitate dissociation.

27. Review Question 21 During the light reactions, electrons from which photosystem power the ETC? – Photosystem II.

28. Review Question 22 Where is that electron transport chain located? – Thylakoid membrane.

29. Review Question 23 BONUS NON-BIOLOGY QUESTION You may wager any/all of your points. Category: Vocabulary What English language word has all vowels (including ‘y’) in order? – Facetiously.

30. Review Question 24 Fermentation regenerates which molecule? – NAD +.

31. Review Question 25 Why are the cristae so folded in the mitochondria? – Increases surface area, thus increasing efficiency of the oxidative phosphorylation pathway by increasing room for ATP Synthase.