1. Birth Defects
By: Andrew and Sarah

2. Common Defects - Trisomy 13 (Down syndrome) - Clubfoot
- Cerebral Palsy
- Genital and Urinary Tract
- Spina Bifida

3. Trisomy 21 (Down Syndrome)
Down syndrome is a genetic disorder which includes several birth defects such as mental retardation, characteristic facial features, and a range of health issues
It affects one in every 1,000 babies
There is no cure for Down syndrome but with appropriate surgeries and special education, they can attend school and have a social life

4. Clubfoot
Clubfoot is a range of foot and ankle abnormalities. Can effect one or both feet causing mild or severe effects. An affected foot points most likely downward, with your toes turned in. Both feet may be effected like in half of the cases, the toes will turn inward towards each other rather than pointing ahead. Also joints, ligaments, and bones may be tight.
Each year almost 5,000 babies in the US alone. Clubfoot is twice as common in men then women. If either parents have clubfoot the chances of there kids having clubfoot is increased.
Clubfoot is treatable. Disabling effects of clubfoot can be avoided if treatment is given right away. It begins after it is reconized and after birth, ranging with therapidic methods with the child to straighten it out to surgery that often takes place around gthe age of 6 months. It can recur so checking up regularly on it with your doctor is recomended.

5. Cerebral Palsy
Cerebral palsy is a congenital disorder of movement, muscle tone, or posture and usually is not diagnosed until the child has reached age 2 or 3
Two out of every 1,000 have cerebral palsy
There isn't a cure but with treatment and physical therapy, most significantly improve over time. Many children work with a speech therapist to improve communication skills.

6. Genital and Urinary Tract Defects
These defects can involve the kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra, and male and female genitals. Some of the most common defects are renal agenesis, hydronephosis, hypospadias, and ambiguous genitals. Some defects are minor with no symptoms and others are more severe. Some defects are inherited from parents and others have an unknown cause.
Present in as many as one in 10 babies
There are several surgeries that can be performed to treat genital and urinary tract defects, some are even performed before the baby is born and majority or surgeries are very successful

7. Spina Bifida
Spina Bifida is where the neural tube does not close properly, the spinal cord and sometimes the bertebrae also sometimes do not devlop correctly. Usally showing up in pregnancy by the 28th day after conception.
Spina Bifida is one of the most severe birth defects, affecting 1 out of 2,000 babies.
Spina Difida is treatable, ranging from none to many surgeries. The baby would need surgery within 48 hours.

8. Works Cited