1. Cellular Respiration
Chapter 8.3

2. Animal
Plant
Mitochondria

3. Cellular Respiration C6H12O6 + 6 O2 6 CO2 + 6 H2O Catabolic pathway
Organic sugars are broken down to release energy for the cell
Electrons are used for energy
(opposite of photosynthesis)
C6H12O O CO H2O

4. Question
Which cell organelle makes energy available to the rest of the cell?
Mitocondria – energy powerhouse

5. Does not require oxygen
Cellular Respiration
Krebs Cycle
Electron Transport
Glycolysis
Anaerobic:
Does not require oxygen
Aerobic:
Requires oxygen

7. Mitochondria
Outer membrane
Intermembrane space
Inner membrane
Matrix

8. Glycolysis What are the reactants in this process?
Glucose, 2 ATP, 2 NAD+ and 4 ADP
What are the products of this process?
2 ADP, 2 NADH, 4 ATP, and 2 pyruvates

9. Glycolysis Overall Purpose: Takes place in the…. Reactants: Products:
Initial break down of GLUCOSE to release energy
Produces ATP and NADH molecules for energy storage
Takes place in the….
CYTOPLASM
Reactants:
Glucose
(ADP & NAD+)
Products:
Two PYRUVATE molecules
(ATP & NADH)

10. Krebs Cycle (Citric Acid Cycle)
Overall Purpose:
In the presence of oxygen, pyruvate is broken down to carbon dioxide (CO2)
Collect energized electrons to pass to the electron transport chain (NADH/FADH2 carriers)
Takes place in the….
MITOCHONDRIAL MATRIX
Reactants:
Pyruvate
(ADP, NAD+, & FAD)
Products:
CO2
(ATP, NADH, & FADH2)

11. Electron Transport Overall Purpose: Takes place in the…. Reactants:
High-energy electrons and hydrogen ions from NADH and FADH2 are used to convert ADP to ATP
Electrons from NADH and FADH2 are passed to the electron transport chain
Oxygen picks up the electrons (and hydrogen) to make water
Hydrogen ions flow through ATP synthase to make ATP
Takes place in the….
INNER MITOCHONDRIAL MEMBRANE
Reactants:
(NADH & FADH2)
Oxygen
Products:
(NAD & FAD)
Water
ATP!!!!!

13. What about bacteria?
Prokaryotic cells (bacteria) don’t have mitochondria…
Electron transport takes place in the cell membrane!

15. Mr. Anderson’s Podcast (Bozemanbiology):

17. Anaerobic Respiration
Cells can function for a short time with little oxygen
Cells continue to produce ATP through glycolysis
Glycolysis only produces a small amount of ATP
Limited by the availability of NAD+
Anaerobic respiration that follows glycolysis is called fermentation
Fermentation occurs in the cytoplasm
Two types of fermentation:
Lactic acid fermentation
Alcohol fermentation

18. Lactic Acid Fermentation
Enzymes convert pyruvate from glycolysis to lactic acid
Transfer of electrons from NADH
Skeletal muscles produce lactic acid when there is not enough oxygen
Bacteria make lactic acid in the production of cheese, yogurt, and sour cream from milk

19. Alcohol Fermentation Occurs in yeast and some bacteria
Pyruvate is converted to alcohol and carbon dioxide
NADH transfers electrons