1. VCL100 STM-1/4 Multi-Service Provisioning Platform (MSPP) Slide 1 Updated : January 1st, 2005 16810, Avenue of Fountains, Suite # 108, Fountain Hills, AZ 85268, U.S.A. Phone: +1 (480) 816-8672 Fax: +1 (480) 816-0115 E-mail: sales@oriontelecom.comsales@oriontelecom.com Web Site: http://www.oriontelecom.comhttp://www.oriontelecom.com

2. Orion Telecom Networks Inc. 2005 VCL100 STM-1/4 Multiple circuit and data interface options – E1/DS1, E3/DS3, E4, STM1e – 10/100 Mbps Ethernet STM-1/4 terminal, dual-terminal and MADM configurations supported Full range of redundancy options Built-in fully non-blocking 2.5 Gbps cross-connect Highly modular with support for an expansion chassis for larger traffic drops Applications: – Cost-effective fully redundant STM-4 ADM – Cross-connect interconnecting multiple rings and linear segments VCL100 STM-1/4 Slide 2

3. Orion Telecom Networks Inc. 2005 VCL100 STM-1/4: Base Chassis VCL100MSPP provides the following card slots – 2 slots for power supply cards (PSU) – 2 slots for processor sub-systems (PSS) – 2 slots for cross-connect cards – 2 slots for STM-1/STM-4 aggregate cards (AC#1,2) – 5 slots for general tributary cards (GTC) – 1 slot for management interface card (MIC) Power Supply Unit #1 Processor Sub-system #1 Processor Sub-system #2 Aggregate Card #1 Aggregate Card #2 Management Interface Card General Tributarry Card #2 General Tributary Card #3 General Tributary Card #4 General Tributary Card #5 6T General Tributarry Card #1 6T Power Supply Unit #2 6T Cross-connect Card #1 Cross-connect Card #2 6T VCL100 STM-1/4 Slide 3

4. Orion Telecom Networks Inc. 2005 VCL100 MSPP: Traffic Cards The following traffic cards are available on VCL100 STM-1/4 Optical Cards: – All cards are characterized by drop-in replacements for the optics 1310nm, 1550nm, SR, IR etc – Support for the automatic laser shutdown feature – Support for live insertion and hot-swapping 1xSTM-4 1/2xSTM-1 Optical Electrical Cards: – 1/2xSTM-1 Electrical – 1xSTM-1 Electrical/E4 – 1xE3/DS3 (Programmable) BNC connectors (75 ohms) – 1xE3/DS3 Transmux (available Q3, 2003) – 21/28xE1/DS1 (Programmable) D-type connectors (120 ohms terminations) 75 ohm terminations using baluns – 8x10/100Mbps Ethernet VCL100 STM-1/4 Slide 4

5. Orion Telecom Networks Inc. 2005 Bandwidth Distribution VCL100 STM-1/4 uses a single stage non-blocking cross-connect fabric The fabric is of capacity 16 STM-1/STS-3s or 4 STM- 4/OC-12s The cross-connect can switch across all VT and TU layers VT1.5/VT2/VT3/VT6 TU11/TU12/TU2/TU3 Bandwidth distribution to the aggregate and tributary slots is as shown In addition to the aggregate slots, tributary slots 1 and 3 can house 1xSTM-4 cards VCL100 STM-1/4 GTC Slot1 GTC Slot1 GTC Slot1 GTC Slot1 GTC Slot1 Aggregate Card 1 Aggregate Card 2 STM-4 Cross Connect Card 1. Slot 1 and 2 share 1 STM 4 bandwidth 2. Slot 3,4 and 5 share one STM-4 3. Maximum bandwidth on each bus is shown in the figure STM-42 STM-1sSTM-42 STM-1s STM-4 2 STM-1s Aggregate Cards General Tributary Cards (GTC) STM-4 Slide 5

6. Orion Telecom Networks Inc. 2005 VCL100 MSPP: Cross-connect Types All types of cross-connections are supported on VCL100 STM-1/4, up to the maximum capacity of the fabric (16xSTM-1 equivalent) – Aggregate-to-Aggregate Includes “hair-pinned” cross-connects on the aggregate – Aggregate-to-Tributary – Tributary-to-Aggregate – Tributary-to-Tributary Includes loopbacks and local cross-connections Support for VC-n (n=11,12,3,4) multi-casting, drop and continue, uni- and bi-directional cross-connections Alarm monitoring at both TU and AU levels is supported VCL100 STM-1/4 Slide 6

7. Orion Telecom Networks Inc. 2005 VCL100XP Expansion Chassis VCL100 STM-1/4 can add/drop 140 E1/DS1s from the main chassis For larger traffic drops VCL100XP may be used VCL100XP can house E1/Ds1, E3/DS3 and Ethernet Cards VCL100XP allows bandwidth expansion up to 1xSTM-4 – Requires the use of STM-4 Expander cards on the base; the population rules are the same as those for 1xSTM-4 cards – VCL100XP uses Expansion Controller cards (XPE4) to interface with the base VCL100XP Expansion Chassis The power supply units and expansion controller cards on VCL100XP can be optionally redundant VCL100 STM-1/4 Slide 7

8. Orion Telecom Networks Inc. 2005 Power Supply Card (PSU) This module supplies power to all cards on STM- 1/4 – Generates standard 3.3 volts based on – 48 Volts D.C input – All other required voltages are generated on the cards themselves using converters This module can be optionally redundant The module is hot-swappable and hot-insertible Provision of over-voltage and under-voltage protection for specified supply ranges Additional functions include temperature monitoring, power control VCL100 STM-1/4 Slide 8

9. Orion Telecom Networks Inc. 2005 Management Interface Card (MIC) This card supplies the management interfaces for both local and remote management – RS-232 port for local management – 10/100 Ethernet port for remote management The card provides status LEDs for alarm outputs Potential-free contacts for alarm extension or taking in ambient alarms BITS synchronization inputs and outputs are provided on the card Overhead channels such as order-wire and F1 user byte can be accessed using MIC VCL100 STM-1/4 Slide 9

10. Orion Telecom Networks Inc. 2005 Processor Sub-System (PSS) This card serves as the central controller for the complete STM-1/4 system Based on a powerful processor, Motorola PowerPC 860, supplemented by 64MB SDRAM and 128MB Flash Main OS is loaded on a 128MB compact flash disk The card can be optionally redundant ensuring that provisioning happens even when one PSS has failed The card is not traffic-affecting viz., traffic remains unaffected in spite of PSS failure(s) VCL100 STM-1/4 Slide 10

11. Orion Telecom Networks Inc. 2005 VCL100 MSPP: Redundancy Features VCL100 STM-1/4 has no single point of failure; it supports a wide range of redundancy and availability features The following common units can be optionally redundant – Power Supply Unit (PSU) 1+1 hot standby and load-sharing modes – Cross-connect Unit (XC) 1+1 hot standby The slave XC is always kept in sync with the master XC to reduce switching time if the master fails – Processor Sub-System (PSS) PSS module is non traffic-affecting; provisioned traffic remains unaffected even if both modules fail 1:N equipment protection for E1/DS1 tributaries – N<=3 VCL100 STM-1/4 Slide 11

12. Orion Telecom Networks Inc. 2005 VCL100 MSPP:Network Protection VCL100 STM-1/4 supports standard network protection schemes defined in ITU-T G.783 and G.841 – SNC-I, SNC-N, 1+1 MSP/APS Support for new mesh based protection schemes which are more bandwidth efficient – Diverse Mesh, Shared Mesh Support for mesh-based architecture – Mesh is rapidly replacing rings in new network architectures – Mesh architecture is more flexible, bandwidth-efficient and reliable compared to rings – Mesh is future-proof Mesh-restored circuits – Circuits are rerouted using OSPF/MPLS upon link/node failure – Increases bandwidth efficiency by avoiding the bandwidth duplication of ring-based protection VCL100 STM-1/4 Slide 12

13. Orion Telecom Networks Inc. 2005 VCL100 MSPP:Management Features VCL100 STM-1/4 uses an IP overlay over SDH overhead bytes to carry management information – Uses standard Layer 3 routing protocol, OSPF for routing management information VCL100 STM-1/4 provides multiple communication channels for carrying management information – D1 to D3 bytes (DCC-RS) – D4 to D12 bytes (DCC-MS) – F2/F3 path overhead bytes – Ethernet to E1 mapping E1 management channel can be physically accessed using the 28xE1 tributary card VCL100 STM-1/4 Slide 13

14. Orion Telecom Networks Inc. 2005 VCL100 MSPP:Management Features In addition, the platform supports a DCC transparency feature allowing it to be deployed in mixed vendor scenarios – eg., if the alien equipment uses D1-D3, VCL100 STM-1/4 can use D4- D12 with pass-through of D1-D3 bytes E1 mapping saves additional equipment and optical ports while introducing VCL100MC4 in incumbent networks with alien equipment – Since connectivity between VCL100MC4 and the alien equipment can be through E1s rather than wasting additional STM-1 interfaces VCL100MC4 provides support for up to 12 In-Band Channels (IBC) and one E1 management channel – The maximum data rate per node is 4 Mbps VCL100 STM-1/4 Slide 14

15. Orion Telecom Networks Inc. 2005 Inter-working with third-party equipment:Example The existing third-party equipments of the customer use DCC-M bytes for their management; VCL100s make use of the E1 management channel Alien equipment and VCL100’s co-exist on the same ring and seamlessly inter-work THIRD-PARTY EQPT. VCL EQPT. MC-VCL100 NMS ETHERNET / DCN E1(ETHERNET) THIRD-PARTY NMS CO STM-1 Ring VCL100 Ethernet Data port used for VC-12 mapping VCL100 VCL100 STM-1/4 Slide 15

16. Orion Telecom Networks Inc. 2005 ETC solution on VCL100 STM-1/4 The ETC (Ethernet Tributary Card) is a tributary module on VCL100 STM-1/4 – The module supports eight 10/100 Base-TX ports with support for auto-negotiation An ETC can be operated in either of the following mapping modes for transport over SDH – Ethernet over SDH mode: This involves the mapping of Ethernet traffic to multiples of VC-12s up to one STM-1 equivalent per card Compliant to recent ITU standards on Ethernet over SDH (EoS) – Ethernet over PDH mode: This involves the mapping of Ethernet traffic to multiples of E1s using Multi-Link PPP Compliant to IETF rfc 1990 on ML-PPP and rfc 1662 on “PPP in HDLC-like framing” Also supports an option to directly map Ethernet traffic to E1s without further mapping to SDH for access router apps VCL100 STM-1/4 Slide 16

17. Orion Telecom Networks Inc. 2005 ETC solution: Salient Features ETC supports the following Ethernet over SDH framing standards to enable inter-connection of Ethernet LANs over an SDH network: – Ethernet over LAPS standard as per ITU-T X.86 – Ethernet over PDH using ML-PPP/PPP/HDLC as per IETF rfc 1990 and rfc 1662 – Ethernet over GFP as per ITU-T G.7041 in the frame-mapping mode ETC allows efficient mapping of “tagged” and “untagged” Ethernet traffic into SDH virtual containers It is possible to flexibly map data traffic arriving on any Ethernet port to one or multiples of VC-12s, VC-3s, VC-4s (n X VC-12s/VC- 3s/VC-4) where n=1,2…63 for VC-12s, n=1,2,3 for VC-3s and n=1 for VC-4. VCL100 STM-1/4 Slide 17

18. Orion Telecom Networks Inc. 2005 ETC solution: Salient Features The bandwidth allocated to a given port, in multiples of VC-12s, is software configurable It is possible to configure the ETC in Ethernet over SDH or Ethernet over PDH (ML-PPP) mode – Ethernet over SDH: Either GFP or X.86 mode on a per-card basis ETC supports PAUSE frames as per IEEE 802.3x for flow control ETC supports port aggregation that enables aggregation of traffic from multiple source ports to the same exit port thus saving expensive ports on the destination router/switch Each ETC currently provides one STM-1 equivalent of upstream bandwidth. VCL100 STM-1/4 Slide 18

19. Orion Telecom Networks Inc. 2005 ETC solution: Salient Features Ethernet over PDH supported for carrying traffic over a network with a mix of SDH and PDH – Framing as per the following IETF draft rfc 1662: PPP in HDLC-like framing – Mapping to multiple E1 circuits as per the following IETF draft rfc 1990: The PPP Multi-link protocol (MP) – IEEE 802.3x for flow control of incoming Ethernet data VCL100 STM-1/4 Slide 19

20. Orion Telecom Networks Inc. 2005 Orion’s Products E1, Voice & Data Drop-Insert Multiplexer PRI ISDN (Q.931) Multiplexers E1 Intelligent Channel Banks E1 / T1 DCME (Digital Circuit Multiplication Equipment) - Voice Compression Equipment Thin Route DCME E1 / T1 Echo Cancellers E1 / T1 Digital Cross Connect T1 / E1 Converters E3, 34Mbps Multiplexer 34Mbps Optical Line Transmission Equipment (OLTE) STM 1 / STM 4 - SDH Equipment Remote Asset Management Systems VCL100 STM-1/4 Slide 20

21. Orion Telecom Networks Inc. 2005 Thank you for your attention For more details visit us at our Web Site at http://www.oriontelecom.com 16810, Avenue of Fountains, Suite # 108, Fountain Hills, AZ 85268, U.S.A. Phone: +1 (480) 816-8672 Fax: +1 (480) 816-0115 E-mail: sales@oriontelecom.com VCL100 STM-1/4 Slide 21