1. Skill Builder Please make any required changes to the sentences below. Mistakes are not only grammatical. Juliet took her own life, pretendably, as planned. That’s how the conflict dissolved. All the montagues & capulets had to do was except each other.

2. Francesco Petrarch 1304 – 1374 366 sonnets All for or about Laura Seen at church in 1327, instantly the object of his affections until her death in 1348

3. Petrarchan Conventions 14 lines of Iambic pentameter First 8 lines (octave) abba abba Octave presents a conflict or dilemma Last 6 lines (sestet) cde cde, or some variation (cd cd cd, cdc cdc etc.) Sestet provides resolution Love at first sight Unrequited Lady is ideally beautiful Love as idolatry Use of oxymorons to describe the suffering of the lover Hyperbole Self-reflexivity

4. Soleasi Nel Mio Cor She Ruled in Beauty O’er This Heart of Mine She ruled in beauty o'er this heart of mine, A noble lady in a humble home, And now her time for heavenly bliss has come, 'Tis I am mortal proved, and she divine. The soul that all its blessings must resign, And love whose light no more on earth finds room, Might rend the rocks with pity for their doom, Yet none their sorrows can in words enshrine; They weep within my heart; and ears are deaf Save mine alone, and I am crushed with care, And naught remains to me save mournful breath. Assuredly but dust and shade we are, Assuredly desire is blind and brief, Assuredly its hope but ends in death. Translated by Thomas Wentworth Higginson.Thomas Wentworth Higginson

5. William Shakespeare 1564 – 1616 38 plays 154 sonnets Topics included: love, passion, procreation, death, and time Romeo and Juliet the first “romance” with elements of tragedy

6. Shakespearean Conventions 14 lines Iambic Pentameter 3 quatrains: abab cdcd efef four part argument; each quatrain a separate development of central idea 1 couplet: gg couplet provides climax, conclusion, and resolution Undoing of Petrarch’s notions of beauty Love may be requited Woman may be imperfect Love may not involve suffering More modern attitude about give and take of relationship

7. Sonnet 130 My mistress' eyes are nothing like the sun; Coral is far more red than her lips' red; If snow be white, why then her breasts are dun; If hairs be wires, black wires grow on her head. I have seen roses damask'd, red and white, But no such roses see I in her cheeks; And in some perfumes is there more delight Than in the breath that from my mistress reeks. I love to hear her speak, yet well I know That music hath a far more pleasing sound; I grant I never saw a goddess go; My mistress, when she walks, treads on the ground: And yet, by heaven, I think my love as rare As any she belied with false compare.

8. Resources Where can I go when I need help? Mrs. Reynolds http://hreynolds.wikispaces.com http://canadianshakespeares.ca/rjfolio.cfm http://www.shakespeare-online.com/ http://nfs.sparknotes.com/