1. China Under Deng Xiao-ping

2. Deng changes communism by “restructuring” the Chinese economy… "to get rich is glorious" “Socialism with Chinese Characteristics” Economic Reform in China “Black Cat, White Cat, it doesn’t matter as long as the cat catches mice”

3. Process of Restructuring was Two-fold One: Decentralize the economy by: (A)Shifting authority for decision making (B)recognizing diverse forms of property right (C)Most prices set by supply and demand limited Privatization Note that this is limited Privatization: diminishes(doesNOT eliminate) state owned factories

4. TWO: Open China to the outside world by... (A)Increasing trade with a focus on “export lead” growth (B) encouraging foreign investment

5. Economic Reforms = Moderate, Pragmatic Capitalist characteristics in Socialist economy mixed economy - state controlled industry/farming with: profit motive competition worker incentives “It’s okay to get rich” Academic elite – respect for intellectuals & scientists Conformity rules relaxed Less concentration on political philosophy

6. RESULTS Consumer product growth Foreigners invest more China joins the World Trade Organization in 2001 US trade imbalance Gross Domestic Product grows

7. More RESULTS Rich/poor gap grows Environmental Degradation Rural/urban gap grows

8. Maybe perestroika but not glasnost

9. Social / Political Reform = WHAT REFORM?? Powerful Communist Party Powerful Communist Party No freedom of speech No freedom of press No freedom of assembly/protest State still owns land State still controls large, lucrative industries Low human right One-child limit (adopted in 1979) Socialism with Chinese Characteristics!

10. Tiananmen Square Massacre Spring 1989 Pro-democracy movement Call for 5 th modernization by students and intellectuals Same time as: Elections in Poland Fall of Berlin Wall U.S.S.R – Glasnost Demands: Free speech Crackdown on corruption “Democracy Wall”

11. Tiananmen Square Massacre http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SB70mWXrzEE&feature=related

12. Post Tiananmen China Government “Big Lie” Campaign publicized what they wanted people to know student leaders jailed or executed ruined Deng’s international reputation created fear in the citizens of Hong Kong & students studying abroad

13. Today – issues include: Balancing limited capitalism with communist ideals Environmental pollution Unequal male-to-female ratios resulting from One- Child Policy Control of Tibet