1. FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE & LITERARY DEVICES

2. THE “WHAT” DEFINE POETRY!
Poetry (from the Greek "ποίησις", poiesis, a "making") is a form of literary art in which language is used for its aesthetic and evocative qualities in addition to, or in lieu of, its apparent meaning. Poetry may be written independently, as discrete poems, or may occur in conjunction with other arts, as in poetic drama, hymns or lyrics.
WHAT DOES ALL THAT MEAN??!!

3. THE “REAL” DEFINITION OF POETRY IS…

4. UP TO YOU!
TAKE A MOMENT TO WRITE YOUR OWN DEFINITION OF POETRY AND LET’S DISCUSS IT…

5. THE “WHY” WHY IS POETRY IMPORTANT?
Poetry takes a simple concept and makes it more powerful and beautiful
Which one of these poems is better? Why?
The Turtle
breaks from the blue-black
skin of the water, dragging her shell
with its mossy scutes
across the shallows and through the rushes
and over the mudflats, to the uprise,
to the yellow sand,
to dig her ungainly feet
a nest, and hunker there spewing
her white eggs down
into the darkness…
By: Mary Oliver
The Turtle
comes out of the water
walks across the sand
digs a nest
and lays some eggs
By: Mr. Brooks

6. WHAT IS FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE?
Figurative language presents ordinary things in fresh ways, communicating ideas that go beyond words’ ordinary meanings.
HERE ARE SOME EXAMPLES…

7. FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE: IT’S LIKE A SIMILE
– a comparison of two unlike things using the words like or as.
Examples of simile:
“Life is like a box of chocolates.”
“The girl is as beautiful as a rose.”
“The willow is like an etching…”

8. FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE: IT IS A METAPHOR
– a comparison of two unlike things without using the words like or as.
Examples of metaphor:
“My father is a tall, sturdy oak.”
“The hotel is a diamond in the sky.”
“who know’s if the moon’s a balloon…”

9. FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE: PERSONIFICATION
– the giving of human qualities to an animal, object, or idea.
Examples of personification:
“Hunger sat shivering on the road.”
“The flowers danced on the lawn.”
“SpongeBob SquarePants” and “Smokey the Bear” are personified characters.

10. FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE: HYPERBOLE
- an exaggerated statement used to make a point.
Examples of hyperbole:
“An apple a day keeps the doctor away.”
“I could sleep for a year.”
“This book weighs a ton.”

11. FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE: IMAGINE THE IMAGERY
-figures of speech or vivid descriptions used to produce mental images (appeal to the five senses).
Examples of imagery:
“Her clammy back felt like bark of the tree after a summer’s rain.”
“…the small pond behind my house was lapping at it’s banks…”
“The willow’s music is like a soprano…”

12. WHAT IS A SOUND DEVICE?
The effect of a poem can depend on the sound of its words.
HERE ARE SOME EXAMPLES…

13. SOUND DEVICE: SOUNDS LIKE ONOMATOPOEIA
- the use of words whose sounds suggest their meanings.
Examples of onomatopoeia:
“The bang of a gun.”
“The hiss of a snake.”
“The buzz of a bee.”
“The pop of a firecracker.”

14. SOUND DEVICE: REPETITION
- the repeating of sound, words, phrases or lines in a poem used to emphasize an idea or convey a certain feeling.
Examples of repetition:
“Sing a song full of faith that the dark past has taught us, Sing a song of the hope that the present has brought us…”
“I think I can, I think I can, I think I can, I think I can…”
“The isolation during my vacation created a situation of relaxation.”

15. SOUND DEVICE: I RHYME ALL THE TIME AND I GUESS IT SOUNDS FINE…
- repetition of sound at the ends of words. (Rhyme occurring within a line is called internal rhyme. Rhyme occurring at the end of a line is called end rhyme)
Rhyme Scheme – the pattern of end rhyme in a poem. Lines that rhyme are given the same letter.
Example of internal rhyme, end rhyme, and rhyme scheme:
I looked at the shell in the ocean a
I looked at the bell in the sea, b
I noticed the smell and the motion a
Were very peculiar to me.” b

16. SOUND DEVICE: DO YOU HAVE RHYTHM? LET’S CLAP!
– the pattern of sound created by stressed (more emphasis, `) and unstressed (less emphasis, υ) syllables. Many poems are given diacritical markings (` and υ) depending on the rhythm. Example of rhythm: “I looked at the shell in the ocean I looked at the bell in the sea, I noticed the smell and the motion Were very peculiar to me.”

17. SOUND DEVICE: ASSONANCE
- repetition of VOWEL SOUNDS at the BEGINNING, MIDDLE or END of at least two words in a line of poetry.
Examples of Assonance
Repeating the “eh” sound in the words: “crescent,” “flesh,” “extending,” “medicine” and “death”

18. SOUND DEVICE: CONSONANCE
- repetition of CONSONANT SOUNDS at the BEGINNING, MIDDLE or END of at least two words in a line of poetry.
Examples of Consonance
Repeating the “sh” sound in the words: “shush,” “wish,” “sharp,” “cushion” and “quash”

19. SOUND DEVICE: ALLITERATION
- repetition of CONSONANT SOUNDS at the BEGINNING of at least two words in a line of poetry. Example of alliteration:
Examples of Alliteration
“the frog frolicked frivolously on the forest floor.”
“…Little skinny shoulder blades Sticking through your clothes…”
“…struck out by a steed flying fearless and fleet…”