1. BY Kim Fulford & Josh Prince S332 Ergonomics

2.  Keeping fatigue low by avoiding stress while driving on long trips  Good seat position  Good shoulder & leg position  Appropriate Arm and Shoulder position.

3. http://video.about.com/autorepair/Car- ergonomics-long-trip-mov.--3o.htm

4.  Shoulder impingement  Increased load on lower lumbar  Sciatic nerve pain (hip impingement)  Leg room – lack of  Carpal Tunnel symptoms  Head and neck pain – no head room  Body is subjected to outside forces: vibration, jerking, no stabilization

5. JOSH’S WORK TRUCKKIM IN WORK TRUCK

6.  Josh: Height: 76 in Seat angle: 105 deg Shoulder to steering wheel: 25 in Elbow to steering wheel: 12 in Leg angle: 110 deg Arm angle: 170 deg  Kim: Height: 66 in Seat angle: 105 deg Shoulder to steering wheel: 21 in Elbow to steering wheel: 14 in Leg angle: 140 deg Arm angle: 120 deg

7. JOSH PERSONAL TRUCKKIM PERSONAL TRUCK

8.  Josh: Height: 76 in Seat angle: 100 deg Shoulder to steering wheel: 20 in Elbow to steering wheel: 13 in Leg angle: 140 deg Arm angle: 120 deg  Kim: Height: 66 in Seat angle: 110 deg Shoulder to steering wheel: 21 in Elbow to steering wheel: 14 in Leg angle: 135 deg Arm angle: 129 deg

9. Data from charts p. 36-37 Taken from Kromer & Grandjean p. 36-37 mm converted to inches MEN WOMEN Dimension 5th %50th %95th %SD 5th %50th %95th %SD Stature*64.869.073.52.6 60.164.068.32.5 Eye height 60.164.268.62.5 55.759.663.82.4 Shoulder height 52.856.760.82.4 48.852.456.32.2 Elbow height 39.142.245.31.8 36.439.242.21.7 Sitting height 33.635.938.21.4 31.233.535.81.3 Knee height 20.221.923.81.1 18.620.222.01.0 Hip breadth (sitting) 12.914.316.20.9 13.515.017.01.0 Shoulder - elbow length 13.314.515.70.7 12.113.114.30.6 Elbow - finger length 17.614.520.60.9 15.917.419.00.9 Forward grip reach 27.229.532.01.4 24.826.929.21.3 Weight 128.0172.0218.029.0 86.0137.0187.031.0 *All numbers have been converted from mm to inches; and kg to pounds

10.  When looking for a new car make sure the seat offer: Seat distance Seat height Seat back rest angle Lumbar cushion  Change posture often on long drives

11.  “Fitting the Task to the Human”, Fifth edition, 2005, Kroemer and Grandjean  “Car ergonomics for Comfortable Road Trips”, video, www.video.about.comwww.video.about.com  “Driving Ergonomics”, www.safemotoring.co.uk www.safemotoring.co.uk