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LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS ITALY PART 1: FLOODS Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA.

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Presentation on theme: "LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS ITALY PART 1: FLOODS Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA."— Presentation transcript:

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2 LESSONS LEARNED FROM PAST NOTABLE DISASTERS ITALY PART 1: FLOODS Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA

3 NATURAL HAZARDS THAT HAVE CAUSED DISASTERS IN ITALY FLOODS WINDSTORMS EARTHQUAKES VOLCANOES ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE HIGH BENEFIT/COST PROGRAMS FOR BECOMING DISASTER RESILIENT GOAL: PROTECT PEOPLE AND COMMUNITIES

4 ITALY’S MEDITERRANEAN SETTING MAKES IT FLOOD PRONE

5 Italy has a long history of destructive floods almost every year.

6 A DISASTER is --- --- the set of failures that overwhelm the capability of a community to respond without external help when three continuums: 1) people, 2) community (i.e., a set of habitats, livelihoods, and social constructs), and 3) complex events (e.g., floods, earthquakes,..) intersect at a point in space and time.

7 Disasters are caused by s ingle- or multiple-event natural hazards that, (for various reasons), cause extreme levels of mortality, morbidity, homelessness, joblessness, economic losses, or environmental impacts.

8 THE REASONS ARE... The community is UN- PREPARED for what will likely happen

9 THE REASONS ARE... When it does happen, the functions of the community’s buildings and infrastructure that are UNPROTECTED with the appropriate codes and standards will be LOST.

10 THE REASONS ARE... The community has NO DISASTER PLANNING SCENARIO or WARNING SYSTEM in place as a strategic framework for concerted local, national, regional, and international actions.

11 THE REASONS ARE... The community LACKS THE CAPACITY TO RESPOND to the full spectrum of expected and unexpected emergency situations.

12 THE REASONS ARE... The community is INEFFICIENT during recovery and reconstruction because it HAS NOT LEARNED from either the current experience or the cumulative prior experiences.

13 TOWARDS FLOOD DISASTER RESILIENCE

14 HAZARDSHAZARDS ELEMENTS OF FLOOD RISK EXPOSUREEXPOSURE VULNERABILITYVULNERABILITY LOCATIONLOCATION RISKRISK

15 ITALY’S COMMUNITIES DATA BASES AND INFORMATION HAZARDS: GROUND SHAKING GROUND FAILURE SURFACE FAULTING TECTONIC DEFORMATION TSUNAMI RUN UP AFTERSHOCKS FLOOD HAZARDS INVENTORY VULNERABILITY LOCATION FLOOD RISK RISK ACCEPTABLE RISK UNACCEPTABLE RISK FLOOD DISASTER RESILIENCE PREPAREDNESS PROTECTION FORECASTS/SCENARIOS EMERGENCY RESPONSE RECOVERY and RECONSTRUCTION POLICY OPTIONS

16 HIGH POTENTIAL LOSS EXPOSURES IN A FLOOD A community’s people, buildings and their contents, essential and critical infrastructure, business enterprise, and government centers.

17 LESSONS LEARNED ABOUT DISASTER RESILIENCE ALL FLOODS PREPAREDNESS FOR THE LIKELY FLOOD HAZARDS IS ESSENTIAL FOR DISASTER RESILIENCE

18 LESSONS LEARNED ABOUT DISASTER RESILIENCE ALL FLOODS PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS (AND THEIR CONTENTS) AND INFRA- STRUCTURE IS ESSENTIAL FOR DISASTER RESILIENCE

19 EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES FOR FLOOD DISASTER RESILIENCE REAL TIME WEATHER FORCASTING AND WARNING SYSTEMS MEASURMENT TECHNOLOGIES (E.G., STREAM GAGUES) RISK MODELING (E.G., HAZUS, INSURANCE UNDERWRITING) REAL TIME WEATHER FORCASTING AND WARNING SYSTEMS MEASURMENT TECHNOLOGIES (E.G., STREAM GAGUES) RISK MODELING (E.G., HAZUS, INSURANCE UNDERWRITING) DATABASES MAPS: 100-YEAR AND 500-YEAR FLOODS FLOOD DISASTER SCENARIOS DRONE PLANES DATABASES MAPS: 100-YEAR AND 500-YEAR FLOODS FLOOD DISASTER SCENARIOS DRONE PLANES

20 FLOOD DISASTER RESILIENCE STRATEGIES PURPOSE PREVENTION PROTECTION LAND USE CONTROL PURPOSE PREVENTION PROTECTION LAND USE CONTROL TECHNIQUE WATERSHED MANAGEMENT FLOOD CONTROL (DIKES, LEVEES, AND DAMS) HAZARD MAPS (RISK ZONES) TECHNIQUE WATERSHED MANAGEMENT FLOOD CONTROL (DIKES, LEVEES, AND DAMS) HAZARD MAPS (RISK ZONES)

21 LESSONS LEARNED ABOUT DISASTER RESILIENCE ALL FLOODS TIMELY EMERGENCY RESPONSE IS ESSENTIAL FOR DISASTER RESILIENCE

22 WHAT WILL HAPPEN WHEN A FLOOD’S POTENTIAL DISASTER AGENTS INTERSECT WITH A COMMUNITY?

23 INADEQUATE RESISTANCE TO HORIZONTAL GROUND SHAKING EARTHQUAKES SOIL AMPLIFICATION PERMANENT DISPLACEMENT (SURFACE FAULTING & GROUND FAILURE) IRREGULARITIES IN ELEVATION AND PLAN FIRE FOLLOWING RUPTURE OF UTILITIES LACK OF DETAILING AND CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS INATTENTION TO NON- STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS CAUSES OF DAMAGE “DISASTER LABORATORIES”

24 ITALY HAS EXPERIENCED MANY NOTABLE FLOOD EVENTS

25 ROME: NOTABLE FLOODING

26 VENICE: NOTABLE FLOODING

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31 LIGUA: NOTABLE FLOODING

32 FLOOD-TRIGGERED LANDSLIDE

33 FLOODS TYPICALLY EXPOSE AT LEAST ONE POLICY FLAW UN—PROTECTED UN—PREPARED UN---WARNED UN--ABLE TO RESPOND EFFECTIVELY UN---RESILIENT

34 ITALY’S NEXT FLOOD IS INEVITABLE BUT, FLOOD DISASTER RESILIENCE IS NOT AN IMPOSSIBLE DREAM!

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