1. CMPF 112 : COMPUTING SKILLS
Chapter 1
CMPF 112 : COMPUTING SKILLS
Introduction to Computers

2. Objectives At the end of the lesson, you should be able to :
Define term of computer
Identify the components of a computer
Distinguish between system software and application software
Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of using computers

3. Objectives Recognize the purpose of a network
Discuss the uses of the Internet and World Wide Web
Describe the categories of computers
Describe the various types of computer users

4. Computer Literacy
Def.: Knowledge and understanding about a computer and their uses.

5. What is a COMPUTER?
Def. : electronic device operating under the control of instructions stored in its own memory.
can accept DATA
process the data  INFORMATION
produce & STORE the results

6. Components of a Computer
INPUT UNIT
SYSTEM UNIT
OUTPUT UNIT
STORAGE UNIT
COMMUNICATION UNIT

7. 1. Input Unit consist of hardware used to enter data and instructions
e.g.:

8. 2. System Unit
Case containing electronic components used to process data
E.g.:

9. System Unit
There are 2 main components on a motherboard:
CPU
MEMORY

10. System Unit Central Processing Unit (CPU) MEMORY (RAM)
also called a processor
electronic component that interprets and carries out the basic instructions that operate the computer
MEMORY (RAM)
electronic component that store instructions waiting to be executed and data needed by those instructions

11. 3. Output Unit Hardware that conveys information to one or more user
E.g.:

12. 4. Storage Unit Def. : Holds data, instructions, and information
for future use.
Storage Media
- physical material on which a computer keeps data, instructions & information
Storage Device
- computer hardware that records an/or retrieves items to and from storage media.

13. Storage Unit Storage Device Card reader CD-ROM Drive/ DVD-ROM Drive
hard disk/drive
External/removable hard disk
USB flash drive
Storage Media
memory card
Optical Disc (CD-ROM/DVD-ROM )
hard disk
USB flash drive
Smart card
Cloud storage

14. 5. Communication Unit
Def: hardware component that enables a computer to send (transmit) and receive data, instructions, and information to and from one or more computers.
E.g.: modem
(digital modem-cable, isdn, wireless modem, wireless access points)

15. SOFTWARE Also called a program
Def.: series of instructions that tells a
computer what to do.
System software
Application software

16. E.g. : operating systems & utility programs
System software
Application software
consists of the programs that control or maintain the operations of the computer and its devices.
serves as the interface between the user, the application software and the computer’s hardware.
E.g. : operating systems & utility programs
consist of programs designed to make users more productive and/or assist them with personal task.
E.g. : Word Processing, database, Photo Editing, Entertainment

17. Application Software

18. System Software Operating System Utility Program
is a set of programs that coordinates all activities among computer hardware devices and allows users to run application software
E.g. Windows 8, Mac OS X, LINUX
Utility Program
Programs that allows a user to perform maintenance-type tasks, usually related to managing a computer, its devices, or its programs.
E.g.: Managing file, removing unwanted files, defragmenting disks, restoring backed up files

19. ADVANTAGES OF USING COMPUTERS
CLASS ACTIVITY
Discuss with your friend in 10 minutes.
Then, we will discuss the answer together.
Speed
Reliability
Consistency
Storage
Communications

20. DISADVANTAGES OF USING COMPUTERS
CLASS ACTIVITY
Discuss with your friend in 10 minutes.
Then, we will discuss the answer together.
Health risk
Violation of Privacy
Public Safety
Impact on Labor Force
Impact on Environment

21. NETWORK
Def. : collection of computers and devices connected together, via communications devices and transmission media.
Transmission media:
What can we share using network?
Cable
Wireless
Microwaves
Satellite
Consist of materials capable of carrying one or more signals.

22. NETWORK - Architecture

23. INTERNET
Def. : worldwide collection of networks that links millions of business, government agencies, educational institutions and individuals.

24. NETWORK & INTERNET Why do users access the internet? Communications
Information
Shopping
Banking & Investing
Education
Entertainment

25. contains text, graphics, audio, video, and link to other web pages.
WEBSITE
Website
Web page
collections of related web pages
contains text, graphics, audio, video, and link to other web pages.
Example of website?

26. Categories of Computers
Personal Computers
Mobile Computers and Mobile Devices
Game Consoles
Servers
Mainframes
Supercomputers
Embedded Computers

27. Personal Computers
A computer that can perform all of its input, processing, output and storage activities by itself.
It contains:
A processor
Memory
Input devices
Output devices
Storage devices
2 types of personal computers are desktop computers and notebook computers

28. Personal Computers Desktop computers
Also known as PCs, microcomputers, or home computers
Broken down into three categories:
Low-end computers
Fully-powered personal computers
Workstations
Network computer
Central processing unit and minimal memory
Designed to be used on a network
Sometimes called thin client

29. PC Categories Low-end computers Fully powered computers Workstations
Fine for home users, word processing, simple games, Internet access
Fully powered computers
Good for heavy use of graphics, programming, or action-oriented games
Workstations
Very high-end computers used by engineers, financial traders, and graphic designers

30. Mobile Computers & Mobile Devices
Mobile computer – personal computer you can carry from place to place. Eg: notebook, netbook, tablet PCs
Mobile device – computing device small enough to hold in your hand. Eg: PDA, e-book readers, handheld computer, portable media players
Can connect a mobile device to a personal computer to exchange information
Internet-enabled

31. Mobile Computer: Notebook Computers
Also called a laptop computer
A portable, designed to fit on your lap
Small, lightweight computers
Capabilities approach that of desktop computers
Similar processing and memory
Most have hard disk, and diskette or CD-ROM drive

32. Mobile Computer: Notebook Computers
Netbook – type of notebook which is smaller, lighter, and often not as powerful as a traditional notebook computer
Tablet PCs – type of notebook computer that you can interact with by touching the screen with finger or digital pen
Useful especially for taking notes in lectures, at meetings, conferences, forums

33. Mobile devices Smart phones
Internet-enabled phone that usually provides personal information management functions such as calendar, appointment book, address book calculator, notepad
Offer variety of application software:
Word processing
Spreadsheet
Games
Capable of conducting live video conference

34. Mobile devices PDA Often looks like smart phone
Also provides personal information management functions such as calendar, appointment book, address book calculator, notepad
Differ from smart phone in a way:
Does not provide phone capabilities
Does not support voice input, built-in camera,
portable media player

35. Mobile devices Handheld computer Portable Media Player
Small enough to fit in one hand
Communicate wirelessly with other devices
Include digital pen of stylus for input
Portable Media Player
Mobile device which you can store, organize and play digital media

36. Game Consoles
Mobile computing device designed for single-player or multiple player video games
Standard game consoles use:
Input – handheld controller
Output – television screen
Storage – hard disk, optical discs, memory card
Eg: Xbox 360, Ninetendo’s Wii, Sony’s Playstation 3

37. Servers
Control access to the hardware, software and other resources on network
Provides a centralized storage area for programs, data and information
It can support from two to several thousand connected computer at the same time

38. Mainframes
Large, expensive, powerful computer that can handle hundreds or thousands of connected user simultaneously.
Store tremendous amounts of data, instructions and information.
Most major corporations use mainframes for business activities:
To bill millions of customers
Prepare payroll for employees
Manage thousands od items in
inventory
Can act as servers in network environment

39. Supercomputers The fastest, most powerful and most expensive computers
Capable of processing more than one quadrillion of instructions per second
Used for very sophisticated applications requiring mammoth data manipulation:
Weather forecasting
Weapons research
Nuclear energy research
Application in medicine
Automotive design

40. Embedded Computer
Special purpose computer that functions as a component in larger product.
E.g. Built-in GPS in car, smart rice-cooker, washing machine.
Other example?