2. Alcohol Presented By: Philip Buell Ellen Ganey Angela Garmon Jessica Jones Yangtse Machin

3. Presentation Information Chapter: 25 Title (Content Area): Alcohol Lesson: 1-2 Title (Topic): Alcohol Use: A High Risk Behavior What Alcohol Does to the Body Grade Level: Ninth Grade

4. Icebreaking Story

5. Alcohol Defined as – A colorless flammable liquid that is the intoxicating agent in fermented and distilled liquors. Ethanol – is the type of alcohol found in alcoholic beverages and is a powerful drug.

6. How is Alcohol made? Synthetically Naturally - By fermentation of fruits, vegetables, or grains Fermentation – the chemical action of yeasts and sugars

7. Intoxication Defined as – the physical and mental impairment resulting from the use of alcohol and can range from an inability to walk to unconsciousness. At some point in the consumption of alcohol, a state of intoxication sets in.

8. Blood Alcohol Concentration

10. Reasons Why Teens Choose to Drink escape pressures or problems feel better or get over being sad or lonely deal with stress and relax feel more self-confident in social situations for excitement because their friends are doing it deal with boredom get away with something they are not supposed to do to fit in

11. Factors that Affect Teen Alcohol Use Friends Family Advertisements

12. Activity Regarding Alcohol Use Identify individuals’ attitudes surrounding alcohol use.

13. Confidence without Pressure Refuse politely but firmly (No, thanks. I’ve already got a drink) Give a personal reason. (I’m watching my weight) Explain that you have goals (It affects my schoolwork) State your values and responsibilities (It’s against the law for people my age)

14. Driving Under the Influence When a person’s blood alcohol concentration exceeds the limit allowed by law in their state 17,419 alcohol related crashes in the U.S. in 2001 Factor in at least 41 percent of all fatal crashes. Linked to 85% of crashes involving teens

15. Pull-Over…Other Costs of DWI Confiscation of DL Arrest, trip to jail, court appearance & fine Possible suspension of DL Possible jail sentence Bail money Increase in insurance rates Possible lawsuits

16. Protect Yourself Don’t Drive if you are: Drinking or with someone that has been drinking Not wearing your seatbelt Near rural roads In a car without airbags Fatigued

17. Designated Who? Designated Drivers—people in social settings who choose not to drink so that they can safely drive themselves and others Is becoming a popular trend in a drinking society They recognize the importance of never riding with anyone who has had any alcohol to drink

18. What does alcohol do in the body? Path of Alcohol Long-term Effects Short-term Effects Absorption of Alcohol

19. Path of Alcohol in the Body 1. Mouth 2. Stomach 3. Small Intestine 4. Heart 5. Brain 6. Liver

20. Short-term Effects Short-term effects depend on: Amount consumed Person’s gender Person’s size Presence or absence of food in person’s stomach

21. Short-term Effects Brain Central Nervous System Decision-Making Skills Though Processes Memory Concentration

22. Short-term Effects Liver Oxidation Alcohol  water + carbon dioxide + energy Set Reaction Speed Blood Vessels Increased flow of blood Increased risk of hypothermia

23. Short-term Effects Heart High Blood Pressure Fast Heart Rate or Abnormal Heart Rate Kidneys Increase in urine production Dehydration Stomach Enters the blood stream Irritates stomach lining

24. Long-term Effects Brain Damage Decrease in brain size Destroys brain cells Loss of Intellectual activities i.e. memory and problem solving

26. Long-term Effects Chronic Liver Problems Fatty Liver Defined as “a condition in which fats build up in the liver and cannot be broken down.” Results in reduced oxygen and eventually cell death Can be reversed if drinking stops

27. Long-term Effects Chronic Liver Problems Cirrhosis Inflammation or infection Can cause: weakness, jaundice, fever, death Hepatitis Defined as “a condition in which liver tissue is destroyed and then replaced with useless scar tissue.”

28. Chronic Liver Problems

29. Alcohol Absorption No way to stop absorption of alcohol Can be slowed by food Full meal = 6 hours to reach brain Fatty foods are best

30. Alcoholism Continued excessive or compulsive use of alcoholic drinks If you have alcoholism you experience: Loss of control Physical dependence Tolerance

31. Genetic Roles & Alcoholism Genetics play a large role in alcoholism Children of alcoholics are about four times more likely than the general population to develop alcohol problems

32. Tolerance & Withdrawal Tolerance is the capacity of the body to endure or become less responsive to a substance (as a drug) or a physiological insult with repeated use or exposure Withdrawal is the syndrome of often painful physical and psychological symptoms that follows discontinuance of an addicting drug