1. Eating Disorders and body image

2. Anorexia nervosa
characterized by self-starvation and excessive weight loss
relentless pursuit of thinness through self-starvation and REFUSAL to maintain a normal or healthy weight
distortion of body image and intense fear of gaining weight or becoming fat, see themselves as overweight, even when they are starved or are clearly malnourished

3. When a person with anorexia looks into a mirror they do not see an accurate reflection. A person with anorexia sees themselves as fat, even if they are dangerously thin

4. 4 Diagnostic Criteria for Anorexia Nervosa
1. Refusal to maintain weight within a normal range
2. Intense fear of weight gain despite being underweight
3. Severe body image disturbance in which body image is the greatest measure of self worth
4. Absence of menstrual cycle for greater than 3 cycles

5. 2 subtypes of anorexia nervosa
Restricting Subtype: restrict their food intake to lose weight
Binge Eating/Purging Subtype: engage in binge eating or purging behavior
-Either subtype may also use compulsive exercise to reduce their weight

6. Bulimia nervosa
characterized by a secretive cycle of binge eating followed by purging
recurrent and frequent episodes of eating unusually large amounts of food followed by a type of behavior that compensates for the binge, such as purging (vomiting, excessive use of laxatives or diuretics), fasting and/or excessive exercise
Unlike anorexia, people with bulimia can fall within the normal range for their age and weight
Fear of gaining weight, want to lose weight

7. Binge = consuming a larger amount of food than most people would eat during the same time period within a short period of time
Characterized by a feeling that one CANNOT STOP.
Following a binge, an individual may feel consumed with guilt or shame. Purging is a way to compensate for binging.

8. Bulimia Nervosa Criteria
Recurrent binge eating with a feeling of a lack of control
2. Repeated behaviors to make up for binging (vomiting, laxatives, fasting, excessive exercising)
3. Binge eating and compensatory behaviors occur at least twice a week for 3 months
4. Dissatisfaction with body shape and weight

9. Subtypes of Bulimia nervosa
Purging Subtype: regularly engages in self-induced vomiting or misuses of laxatives/diuretics
Non-purging Subtype: person uses other strategies such as excessive exercise or fasting

10. Binge Eating Disorder
Characterized by insatiable cravings that are filled with shame
Often rooted in poor body image, use of food to deal with stress, depression, anxiety and low self-esteem
Do not purge, so individuals are more likely to be overweight or obese
Not the occasional craving, over-eating when you are hungry, or the overindulgence

11. Criteria for Diagnosis of Binge Eating Disorder
Loss of control over amount of eating
Distress over binge
Binge occurs at least 1x per week for 3 months
And, THREE or more of the following:
Eating more rapidly than normal
Eating until uncomfortably full
Eating large amounts of food when not feeling physically hungry
Eating alone because of embarrassment
Feeling disgusted with oneself, depressed or very guilty after overeating

12. Being overweight or obese does NOT mean you have a Binge Eating Disorder.
Binge Eating Disorder is a psychiatric disorder and is an indication for both medical and psychological disorders

13. Medical complications caused by eating disorders
Bone thinning
Slowed growth
Heart problems
Digestion problems
Dry skin, brittle hair and nails
Dental erosion and enlarged salivary glands
Inflammation and rupture of the esophagus
Infertility
Liver and kidney problems
Low body temperature
Seizures
Early death

14. Warning signs Unnatural concern about body weight Dramatic weight loss
Obsession with calories
Use of any medicines to keep from gaining weight
Consistent excuses to avoid mealtimes or situations involving food
Excessive exercise regimen

15. treatment
There are many resources available for people with eating disorders
Best combination of treatment includes a physician, nutritionist, and a mental health professional

16. Important To Note
Eating Disorders can effect anyone and it is unclear as to what really causes eating disorders but it can be a combination of genetics, social pressure, family stress and psychological factors (depression, anxiety).
Eating Disorders can be triggered by bullying, media, peer pressure, traumatic events and family stress
It’s important to encourage positive body image

17. Be-you-tiful
Write something positive about yourself or something you like about your body
Write something positive about the person sitting next to you and give it to them

18. Works cited