1. Current Development of Information Technology (IT) and its importance for the teachers TEACHING METHODOLOGY STAFF DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME university of sabaragamuwa beihuloya Sri Lanka 28th MARCH 2012 Christie Alwis BSc (Eng) Hons (SL), MIET, C. Eng (Lond), FIESL (SL), MICE (SL) Visiting lecturer in communication to university of Sri Lanka Moratuwa & Sabaragamuwa Former Chief Network officer SLT Consulting Engineer

2. TEACHING METHODS BASIC CONFUSED WHICH METHOD ARE WE USED TO? WHAT WE WILL SEE TODAY? GLOBAL VILLEGE

3. A house has 3 different Communication Types Voice VideoData Land Phone Mobile Free TV (Antenna) Cable TV Satellite TV Internet E-mail Radio IP/TV

4. Land Phone Mobile Free TV (Antenna) Cable TV Satellite TV Internet E-mail Radio Who are the service providers in Sri Lanka? IP/TV

5. Land Phone Mobile Free TV (Antenna) Cable TV Satellite TV Internet E-mail Radio Who are the service providers in Sri Lanka? IP/TV Total = 42 Total = 7 Total = 4

6. Land Phone Mobile Free TV (Antenna) Cable TV Internet E-mail Radio IP/TV Satellite TV Who are the service providers?

7. IN THE SOCIETY WHAT WE CAN SEE TODAY? GLOBAL WARMING ECCONOMIC RECCESSIONS UNREST MOVING FROM 3RD WORLD TO DEVELOP COUNTRIES UNIVERSITY UNREST BRIBERY & CORRUPTIONS

8. CHANGING NATURE OF HUMANS.... CELLS OF OUR BODY IS EVERYDAY CHANGING After 7 years you are a different person after completely changes your cells WAY OF LIVING OF PEOPLE CHANGES. Your grandfathers dog is same to your dog at home today. But you are different to your grand father. Today you use cell phones, pen drives, internet, emails, unlike your grand father HOW THE HUMAN PARADIGM SHIFTED?

9. Revolution Type Agricultural Revolution Industrial revolution Communication revolution Transportation Revolution Energy Revolution Past Present Future

10. Way of Living of People Changes.., Yesterday we travel in Bullock Cart. Today Bullock Cart are not use for traveling. Today we use motor vehicle. Tomorrow we might use Helicopter. What we can observe in ‘FUTURE’? You Like to go to Astrologer ! NO! Transport Revolution Energy Revolution PastPresent Future Agricultural Revolution Industrial revolution Communication Revolution (All people using telephones, Internet Email, storage devices like pen drive) Living Paradigm is Changing for more efficient life Efficiency = The resources needed to do a job according to your mind set Actual resources you used according to Present Day Technology If you’re mind is set for the old revolution definitely your efficiency will not match for the present era( you will be inefficient without your knowledge),then your productivity and effectiveness will be lower. Ex: If you’re mind is set before the industrial revolution you might think you need 5 days to go from Negombo to Colombo by a bullock cart. But if you use a car,you can go with in 1 hour. Hence the efficiency in this case will be: Efficiency = 5*24/1=168 Efficiency= Are you afraid of Internet and Email? Is it against your thinking pattern? What is your Mindset?

11. TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT TO WHOM? HUMANS HUMANS WHAT ARE THE RESULTS? TECHNOLOGY FIRST FLOWING TO MATURED/AFFORDABLE PEOPLE THEN TO CHILDREN

12. IS HUMAN AN ANIMAL?

13. Basic Difference between Human & Animal Animal can do a Task, but without a purpose Human will do a task for a purpose Animals’ task will be converted for a Purpose by Human BUT HOW? If the Purpose is Good/noble is Bad the human will become More human or God. The human will behave worst than animal. Development of your conscious to lead a happy life, you need to follow a religion. Bull cannot tie itself to a cart. Even if it is connected to the cart it can not ride itself without a Human Can Animal become a Human in this birth? No But Human can become Animal in this birth Which organ in our body will identify whether the purpose is good or bad? Conscious Mind + Freewill

14. Human is Wisest of all Living Beings… HOW? 3 Categories of living Beings TreesAnimals Human Beings Basic needs for them FoodWaterAirEarthSunLight But human needs one more? Fire Is Sex,shelter,clothes are basic needs?No,without that we’ll not die What is the characteristic of Fire? A Good Meal or Kill a person Important organs HumansAnimals Heart,BrainHeart,Brain + Mind What is the function of the MIND? It is a Thought FactoryYou will form your truth Does the computer have Heart,Brain,Mind? Heart=Power Supply Brain=Processor Mind=Software Is human equal to a computer? No, humans in additon have a free will You will do from your free will what is good for You (Your ability to take a choice) Conscious is the combination of mind & free will Conscious is the only organ in your body which cannot be destroyed by anybody Some religions says conscious is travelling from one birth to another with ending nivana or heaven We should know how to develop our own conscious Yes No Freewill

15. HUMAN COMPUTER HEARTBRAINMIND FREE WILL POWER SUPPLY CPU SOFTWARE TRUTH ANIMAL HEART BRAIN PROGRAMMING INSTINC Is computers are superior to animals or equal to humans?

16. Human Beings Many Religions says to become a Human Beings, many births will take place. Also Human being is much superior to other living being in the world such as animal an trees. A human being can easily go towards animal mentally if he is not properly trained. But animal to become a Human, either it impossible or difficult through out their ‘Sasara’. Very Easily.., May be in same birth Very Difficult., ‘Kalpa’ years will take place By Developing Animal Qualities By Developing Human Qualities We should strive to keep the human qualities

17. WHERE WE ARE LIVING & CHARACTERISTICS OF HUMAN BEINGS! EARTH & HOW PEOPLE WORK We follow the greogorian calender(Every 4 years, a leap year, every 100 years there is no leap year except every 400 years) CONCEPT OF A WEEK? CONCEPT OF YOUR EXISTANCE You cannot decide from which parents you can come to this world, neither your parent cannot change the sex ). THEN WHO DECIDED? DIFFERENT ANSWERS FROM RELIGIONS! THE IMPACT OF CREATION TO THE WAY OF LIVING? AIM OF EVERY RELIGION? NOT TO ALLOW HUMAN TO BEHAVE LIKE AN ANIMAL THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN GOVERNMENT LAW AND RELIGIOUS LAW?

18. HOW I CAME (THEOLOGY) WHY I AM LIVING (PHILOSOPHY) WHY IT IS HAPPENING( SCIENCE) THE RELEGIONS WILL ANALYSE THE ABOVE ASPECTS IN DIFFERENT PERSPECTIVES GUIDING ALL THE HUMANS TO LEAD THEIR LIFE HAPPILY

19. 1.Every Religions in the World give a basic message to love another human being 2.Certain Religions tells to extend the love unconditionally - Christian/Buddhism. 3.And certain Religion extend this Love Conditionally. 4.Basic actions that need to carryout Love Uncon ditional Conditi onal Islam Christianity Buddhism Pardon ing Developin g Abilities No Judging Not Greedy No Anger No foolishne ss 8 fold noble path Love another is Basic Concept of all Religions in the World 4 Gospel Basic Principles of a Religion All religions are good. Only difference is concept each believer is assuming about the existence of the human life today/buddism thinks that rebirths/while most of the other religions think that life is created by God/all most all religions advocate the loving of another human being

20. PURPOSE OF LIVING? ARE WE HAPPY? YES? PERSENALISATION: THE ETHICAL PHILOSOPY THAT CENTRED ON THE PERSON AS HAVING INTRINSIC VALUE JUST BY BEING OR EXISTING. ACCORDINGLY ONLY PERSONWS ARE HAVING FREE WILL. ONLY PERSONS CAN PERFORM MORAL ACTS, WHICH ARE EITHER GOOD OR EVIL. PERSON HOOD IS RELATIONAL,SO PERSON NEED TO RELATE TO OTHER PERSONS. IT IS THE REASON WE FORM FRIENDSHIPS,ROMANCE,MARRIGES, FAMILIES AND SOCIETIES!

21. ARE WE HAPPY? STORY ABOUT 3 FRIENDS IN THE 45 TH FLOOR IN A HOTEL AT NEWYORK STORY ABOUT THE CREATION OF LIVING BEINGS ARE WE GOING TOWARDS HAPPINESS? W2HAT ARE THE MAJOR PROBLEMS?

22. HAPPINESS When I was 5 years old, my mother always told me that HAPPINESS was key to life. When I went to school they basked me what I wanted to be when I grew up. I wrote down HAPPY. They told me I didnot understand the assignment, and I told them they didnot understand the LIFE.

23. ALL RELEGIONS ADVOCATE TO LEAD THE LIFE WITH GOOD PURPOSES BUT IN SRILANKA? Cheating Unnecessary judging Undue worship towards elders AN ACTION OF A HUMAN MAY BE FOR DIFFERENT PURPOSES. WHAT WE LEARN FROM HOME

24. ARE WE PROACTIVE? A PERSON CAN BE INACTIVE OR REACTIVE OR PROACTIVE SRILANKANS? SINGAPORE? EUROPE? SOUTH EAST ASIA? LET US ANALYSE OUR COUNTRY AFTER THE KING PARAKRAMA BAHU THE 6 TH, NO KING HAS RULED SRILANKA AS A WHOLE!(JUST BEFORE 1500A.D)

25. Sri Lanka is situated in a prominent place 1505 - Portuguese 1650 - Dutch 1815 - British 1948 – We got independence 1950 - Our GDP was better than Singapore & India 1960 – Our GDP was comparable to Singapore and better than India (SL GDP US$1300, Singapore US$ 2310) 1977 – Our GDP was very much lower than Singapore & Korea (Singapore US$ 9058, Sri Lanka US$ 1500) We haven’t synchronic technological advancement into our country.

26. Before 1960 Ship Transportation After Paradigm change Aero plan

27. WHAT ARE THE PRESENT DAY TECHNOLOGY COMPUTERS + COMMUNICATIONS COMPUTERS DOUBLE THE PROCESSING CAPACITY AND SHRINKED TO ½ THE SIZE IN EVERY 4 YEARS COMMUNICATIONS – USE OF OPTICAL FIBRES MULTIPLEXING TECHNEQUES RADIO TECHNOLOGY- LONG TERM EVOLUTIONS

28. SIZE OF THE FIBRE Optical fibre is often compared with human hair. A well made optical fibre is much smaller than a human hair.

30. SEA-ME-WE 4 Cable System Configuration Diagram

31. What is Optical Fibre? An optical fibre consists 3 different parts. – Core – Cladding – Buffer Coating Basic Theory : Light has to be confined to the core so that the digital signal can be transmitted from one place to another through light. Basic Elements of the Optical Fibre System : Light Source Glass Fibre LIGHT Transmitter ELECTRICITY LED/Laser Light Source Receiver ELECTRICITY Avalanche Photo Diode

32. When the refraction angle reaches 90°, there is no refraction and the incident angle reaches its critical angle (Φ C ) When incident angle reaches the critical angle, there is no refraction. Beyond the critical angle, light ray becomes totally internally reflected. Critical Angle & Total Internal Reflection Basic Theorems behind Optical Fibre (b) Φ1Φ1 ΦCΦC Medium 2 n 2 Medium 1 n 1 Φ2Φ2 Total Internal Reflection According to the increase of the angle of incidence, the angle of refraction increases.

35. What we see today What are the communication types we experience ? Public and personal recent changes Public from newspapers, books, radio to internet, TV Personal from letters, fixed telephones to e mail and mobile telephones Major revolution using one terminal a big TV screen at home for public & personal communication, one mobile terminal for personal (like black berry) to be used to store all your data, and be able to communicate with public and personal both Hybrid Communication, now used mainly for entertainment (Mega shows) and will push further for education and religion What next, Today triple play will include the smell Further research on identifying terrorists

36. Communication Types Personal Communication Interactive Delayed Interactive Land Phone E-mail Mobile Internet You need Bi-Directional Transmission Domestic Transport Network Core Element Soft Switch / Switches MSAN International Transport Network International Gateway Studio / Service provision Sub-core Elements BroadBand Public Communication You need only uni-Directional Transmission Free TV Cable TV Satellite TV Radio IP/TV

37. A house got 3 different Communication Types Voice VideoData Land Phone Mobile Free TV (Antenna) Cable TV Satellite TV Internet E-mail How it access home? Wire Wireless Wire Wireless Wire or Wireless Voice Video Data

38. A Converge Network

39. THE SEGMENT OF THE PEOPLE THE TECHNOLOGY REACHED UPTO 2000 YEARS, THE TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCEMENT WAS REACHED FIRST TO RICH MATURED PEOPLE. RICH MEANS THEY WERE AFFORD TO BY THE TECHNOLOGY! THE LAST COMMODITY CAME WAS THE LAND LINE TELEPHONE THEN WHAT HAPPEND?

40. TOP DOWN APPROACH AFTER 2000 AD, CHILDREN FIRST GOT THE T5ECHNOLOGY BECAUSE IT WAS CHEAP MATURED PEOPLE WRER LACKING ON THE TECHNOLOGY/ THEY HAVE TO DEPEND ON THE CHILDREN CHILDREN BECAME MORE EFFICIENT IN THEIR ACTIVITIES! CHILDREN HAVE MORE TIME NOTHING TO DO PARENTS WERE BUSY ON EARNING MONEY, FEEDING CHILDREN CHILDREN WENT TO PHONOGRAPHY THEN TO NARCOTICS SINCE THEY DONOT HAVE MONEY, MOST OF T5HEM RUINEDE THEIR LIFE! How to address this situation

41. Under this scenario what is our duty? First we have to be energetic We have to know how to express very clearly The power of language Using the latest cheap technology for the student to climb up the ladder of knowledge Use of the computers, for their day to activitees Use of computer programming

42. The Value of Energy Hell is full of TALENTED people, while Heaven is full of ENERGETIC people! Health Happiness Efficient TalentsEnergy Practice: JOY/HAPPINESS/WISDOM, ALWAYS YOU HAVE TO BE ENERGETIC TO ENJOY LIFE

43. The impact of technology for day to day life of human When we die no space or time is a matter for us! Today the technology use pico seconds or anstoms, to measure the time and length Sec or a meter is no longer a small parameter. It has become unlike the old days Optical fibres can carry million of data. Optical fibre will reach your home in few years time Cost/bit is very low. The world is changing to next generation networks!

44. NATIONAL BACK BORN NETWORK OF SRILANKA

45. Overall benefits of NGN network to Sri Lanka Quicker we embark on NGN quicker Sri lanka become the hub of the South Asia

46. NGN SERVICES

47. Analog cell phones were still widely used Casio’s new digital camera featured 1024 x 768 resolution The Powerbook G3 had a 300Mhz processor, zip drive and a 5.0 GB hard drive Stacked hard drives afforded computer users ample space to store files The first commercial bluetooth products began coming out only in 1998 GPS products were still in their infancy DVDs were beginning to overtake VHS tapes but many families began purchasing dual-mode players Sony released their concept flat- screen model TV in 1998 The Walkman combined the ability to listen to tapes and the radio on- the-go Wi-Fi was still in its infancy The most prevalent internet connection was a 56kbps dialup modem Devices have made significant gains from 1998…

48. ... all of which can now be incorporated into one device The iPhone operates on the new 3G networks The iPhone features a 2.0 megapixel camera The iPhone uses a 667Mhz processor, more than double top 1998 processing speeds With a 16 GB capacity, there is roughly triple the hard drive space than most desktops in 1998 Bluetooth is now ubiquitous in cell phones and is present in some vehicles The iPhone can overlay satellite images onto the users coordinates YouTube, along with multiple forms of video, can be viewed on the iPhone The iPhone has 3.5 inch Widescreen multi-touch display Roughly 360 albums can be Held on the iPhone The iPhone automatically connects to the nearest WiFi station The 3G network has maximum download speeds of 7.2 Mbps

49. IMPACT OF CONVERGENCE

50. STRUCTURE OF CONVERGED MEDIA & COMMUNICATION NETWORK

51. Power Line Communication System