2. “You swore you’d never hit’em, never do nothing to hurt’em Now you’re in each others face spewing venom in your words when you spit’em….” “ You push, pull each other’s hair, scratch, claw, bit’em Throw’em down, pin’em, so lost in the moments when your in’em…..”

3.  Form of interpersonal violence ▪ Family & intimate partner ▪ Community violence

4.  Male honor  Culture norms  Fear  Unawareness  History of violence  Alcohol  Personality disorders

5.  Emotional /Psychological  Verbal attacks  Attacks vulnerabilities  Mind games  Disregard feelings  Withholds approval or affection  Threats  Harassment  Stalking

6.  Physical abuse ▪ Scratches ▪ Shakes ▪ Punches, strangles, ▪ Burns ▪ throw objects at him/ her ▪ Suicidal behavior ▪ Self-abuse ▪ Disability

7.  Sexual abuse ▪ Withholds sex and affection ▪ Manipulation or threats ▪ Physically forces sex ▪ Denies contraception or protection ▪ Infertility/ Forced Abortions

8.  Economic/Financial ▪ Control ▪ You can’t Work ▪ I won’t work

10. › Support for victims › Criminalizing abuse › Laws and policies on arrest › All women police stations › Treatment for abusers › Community Outreach work (Domestic Violence Awareness)

12.  Krug, E., & Organization, W. H. (2002). World report on violence and health. Geneva: World Health Organization 2002.